We are going to take notes in a particular way…the Cornell Way!

First, divide page as shown:

This side for notes and drawings

This side for key points, main ideas, questions to be answered

The bottom part for Summary

Title Date

ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION Ecosystems tend to

change with time until a stable system is formed.

Ecological Succession The replacement of

one community by another until a stable stage is reached is called succession.

So what might my page look like now?

Succession- replacement of one comm.by another until stability reached

Ecological succession

Today’s Date

Climax Community The final stage of

succession is called the climax community.

So what might my page look like now?

Succession- replacement of one comm.by another until stability reached==called Climax Comm.

Primary Succession Primary succession

occurs where there was no previous community (biotic factors), such as on bare rock or sand.

Primary succession begins with pioneer organisms.

So what might my page look like now?

Succession- replacement of one comm.by another until stability reached==called Climax Comm.

2 types of Succession:1.Primary-a.begins with new uncolonized habitatb.Pioneer organisms

Pioneer Organisms Pioneer organisms

can tolerate extreme conditions: hot and cold; dry and wet.

Moss and lichens are pioneer organisms.

Lichens Lichens are algae and

fungus growing together in a mutualistic relationship. Algae make the food; fungus anchor and capture water.

Pioneer organisms Soil is produced over

hundreds of years by pioneer organisms.

These organisms break apart rock,

This allows other organisms to grow there.

Succession occurs BECAUSE Each population will

either do well or other populations will take over to form a more stable community.

For example, some types of trees need a lot of sun and their saplings cannot grow under the shade of their own species.

They will be replaced by the types of trees whose saplings can grow in shade of other trees.

Steps of Primary Succession:

Secondary Succession When a community is

disrupted and succession occurs again, it is called secondary succession.

Disruption may be from fire, farming, wind, foresting

Secondary Succession The community

begins again where the former community was disrupted.

Soil is already present.

So what might my page look like now?

Succession- replacement of one comm.by another until stability reached==called Climax Comm.

2 types of Succession:1.Primary-a.begins with new uncolonized habitat; no soil presentb.Pioneer organisms-**you should have filled in info here

2. Secondary – a.Comm disrupted and succession starts again.b.Soil already present

A community is still undergoing succession As long as the species

keep changing: Here, the plants

growing under the pine trees are NOT small pine trees, so the species will be changing as the old pine trees fall.

Climax Community The same climax

community will develop unless the abiotic conditions have changed.

We can tell it’s a climax community- A climax community

replaces itself with more of itself:

Under sugar maple trees, we will see sugar maple saplings-that shows that it is a climax community

Climax Community The climax

community will be part of the BIOME of that area.

Our climax community- oak/hickory forest-is part of the temperate deciduous forest biome

SCHOOLYARD SUCCESSIONThink about how our school campus looks today. Imagine that the school

will be closed down permanently at the end of the day. The building will be bulldozed down and all the grass scraped off during removal of

debris. Most of the soil remains. Create a timeline of the succession of the area. Assume that the area will remain undisturbed by humans.

In your groups, create a timeline to describe the series of changes that restore equilibrium to an ecosystem.

Begin with year “0” and labeL it “LAND DISTURBANCE”. Write a one or two sentence description of what the area looks like.

Imagine you can revisit the area and document the changes. Record the year and write a one or two sentence description of what the area looks like each time you visit. BE SURE TO IDENTIFY THE TYPE OF PLANTS THAT ARE GROWING.

The revisiting points are 1 YEAR, 15 YEARS, 85 YEARS. Label the timeline with the type of succession that is occurring and the campus name. i.e.

THE ______________ SUCCESSION OF _____________ SCHOOL CAMPUS.