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We the People Lesson 6 How did constitutional government
develop in Great Britain?
An English Political Heritage
• English colonists brought with them a heritage of freedom and principles of government that helped shape the development of the United States.
• Most important to the colonists was to have a government which limited the monarch’s power and represented the will of the people.
Key Events/Documents
• 1066-Feudalism introduced to England• 1215-Magna Carta• 1258-Parliament• 1628-Petition of Right• 1689-English Bill of Rights
Constitutional Government
• Citizens have rights-life, liberty, property
• Gov’t responsibility to protect rights• Limits on the power of gov’t• Principle of private domain• Changed with consent and according to
set procedures (contract)
1066-Feudalism
Details• Intro by King William• A governing system
of Pol, Econ, Soc organization
• Three classes of people
Royalty
Nobility
Common People
1066-Feudalism
Details• King owned all land• System of contracts b/w king-
nobles-vassals
Royalty
Nobility
Common People
1066-Feudalism
Why imp. to dev. of Const. gov’t?
• Introduces the idea of a contract-both sides have responsibilities
• Monarch starts to share power
Constitutional Government
• Citizens have rights• Gov’t responsibility to protect rights• Limits on the power of gov’t (slightly)• Private domain• Changed with consent (contract)
1215-Magna Carta
Details• Nobles accustomed
to having rights & powers
• Nobles force King John to sign “Great Charter”
• Limits power of the ruler
1215-Magna Carta
Details• Influence on Founders
• Gov’t based on contract
• Rule of law (higher law!
• Contract b/w king and nobility• King cannot take
away nobility’s rights• Nobility must obey
laws
1215-Magna Carta
Why imp. to dev. of const. gov’t?
• Limits on power of ruler
• Rule of law-all sides obey the law
• Contract-both sides have responsibility
• Foundation for protection of all ppl
Constitutional Government
• Citizens have rights• Gov’t responsibility to protect rights• Limits on the power of gov’t• Private domain• Changed with consent (contract)
1258-Parliament
Details• Nobles force king
to create advisory coun.=Parliament
• House of Lords-nobles
• House of Commons-large land owners
1258-Parliament
Details• Grows from
advisory to representative body
• Struggle for power
1258-Parliament
Why imp. to dev. of Const. Gov’t?
• Separation of powers
• Representative gov’t
Constitutional Government
• Citizens have rights• Gov’t responsibility to protect rights• Limits on the power of gov’t
(separation of powers)• Private domain• Changed with consent (contract,
representative government)
1628-Petition of Right
Details• King tried to
pressure ppl for money w/o consent from Parl.
• King tried to house soldiers in ppl’s homes
1628-Petition of Right
Details• King forced to sign
Petition of Right • Could not collect taxes
without consent of Parl.• Could not imprison
people without just cause (habeas corpus)
• Could not house troops in private homes.
• Could not declare martial law.
1628-Petition of Right
Why imp. to dev. of Const. Gov’t?
• P of R strengthened the idea that English subjects had rights the gov’t could not violate
Constitutional Government
• Citizens have rights• Gov’t responsibility to protect rights• Limits on the power of gov’t• Private domain• Changed with consent (contract)
1689-English Bill of Rights
Details• By 1688, balance
of power shifts to Parl.
• Eng. B of R passed in 1689 (Glorious Revolution)
• Gave rights to Parl.• Further limited
power of Monarch
1689-English Bill of Rights
Why imp. to dev of Const gov’t?• Free elections to Parl.• Right to petition the government• Parliament must agree to suspend laws,
levy taxes, or maintain an army• Monarch cannot take arms from Prot.• Monarch cannot interfere w/ right to
free speech or debate in Parl.• No cruel or unusual punishment
Constitutional Government
• Citizens have rights• Gov’t responsibility to protect rights• Limits on the power of gov’t• Private domain• Changed with consent (contract)
An English Political Heritage
• English colonists brought with them a heritage of freedom and principles of government that helped shape the development of the United States.
• Most important to the colonists was to have a government which limited the monarch’s power and represented the will of the people.
Trace
In narrative form, describe progress, development of historical events from some point of origin.
Trace the development of constitutional government in Great Britain.
1066 Feudalism
1215 Magna Carta
1258 Parliament
1628 Petition of Right
1689 English Bill of Rights