Web 2.0 & Public ParticipationJing Shi

School of Public Administration

OutlineWeb 2.0

ConceptsApplicationsTechniques

How Web 2.0 influence public participationCases Discussion

DefinitionWeb 2.0 is a term describing the trend in the use of

World Wide Web technology and web design that aims to enhance creativity, information sharing, and, most notably, collaboration among users.

These concepts have led to the development and evolution of web-based communities and hosted services, such as social-networking sites, wikis, and blogs. 

Web 2.0 touches every aspect of our daily lives

Weibo （ Microblog ） , Twitter

Renren, Facebook

Qzone (QQ instant messaging)

Wiki

Google docs

……

CategoriesOnline communities

Blogs: easy web authoring & publishing

Wikis: collaborative editing of online documents

Media sharing: images and video

Shared bookmarks

Putting it all together: syndication & “mashups”

Online Communities

Large & smallMySpace: primarily personal and entertainment-

orientedFacebook: primarily personal and recreational, but

with some professional presenceLinkedIn: Focus on professional networking

Online Communities: Facebook

Primarily personal and recreational

Free to members (supported by advertising)

Members create profile, then connect to “friends”

Online Communities: Facebook

Members can see who else is connected to their friends, and request their own connection (“friend” them)

Friends can send messages, share photos, etc.

Online Communities: Facebook

Individuals with common interests can form groups

Can be social, casual, or professional

Online Communities: Facebook

Some facebook pages represent organizations, not individuals

Used for information sharing, promotion, and publicity

China’s alternative to Facebook

www.renren.com

Difference Between FB & RenRen

Online Communities: LinkedIn

LinkedIn is a business-oriented social networking site.  Think Facebook with a more professional bent.  The profiles look more like resumes and you have

"contacts" instead of "friends" as you would have on Facebook.

Method for building network is similar to facebook – contact lists are shared, and if you want to add someone to your own network, an invitation is sent via the system. They can look at your profile and decide whether or not to accept your invitation.

http://www.linkedin.com

Online Communities: LinkedIn

Microblogging:Twitter Twitter offers a social networking and microblogging

service, enabling its users to send and read other users' messages called tweets.

Tweets are text-based posts of up to 140 characters displayed on the user's profile page.

Tweets are publicly visible by default, however senders can restrict message delivery to their friends list.

Users may subscribe to other author tweets—this is known as following and subscribers are known as follower . Users can follow lists (groups) of authors instead of just following individual authors.

Twitter

Weibo ( 微博 )Developed by Sina (a news website/search

engine similar to yahoo)

368 million users （ this number is still increasing）

No English interface

Celebrities on Weibo

adf

Wikis & Collaborative Editing Tools

Shared editing of online documents, with version control

Wikipedia.org is famous example

Google Docs is very popular cloud service

Media Sharing: Images & Video

Image services include Flickr, Shutterfly, Picasa

Video services include Youtube.com, tudou.com, youku.com

YouTubeYouTube is a video-sharing website on which

users can upload, share, and view videos. Unregistered users can watch the videos, while registered users are permitted to upload an unlimited number of videos.

Youtube partner program allows enhanced channels for educational institutions and non-profits

Putting It Together – Links & Syndication

How to keep track of these different systems?

Connect them to each other with syndication (RSS) and similar feeds to other services.

Reinforce connections with links between your main website and social platforms

MashupA Web Site or Web application that seamlessly

combines content from more than one source into an integrated experience.

The term derives from its similar use in pop music, where a mashup is a category of music where the tune from one song is combined with the vocals from another.

Example: a Website for an amusement park that contains a Mapquest （ googlemap ） page for visitors to get directions.

Web 2.0 is changing the way we live

Traditionally

Now

Create, not just consume

Improve collaboration

“Web 2.0 is the business revolution in the computer industry caused by the move to the Internet as a platform, and an attempt to understand the rules for success on that new platform.”

- Tim O’Reilly

O’Reilly first create the item “Web 2.0” in 2004

What is Web 2.0?

SummaryWeb as a platform

Software as services

Architecture of participation

Social media

Harnessing collective intelligence

Why government consider Web 2.0 applications very important?

Data from CNNIC ： China Internet Network Information Center 中国互联网络发展状况统计报告

564Million

Data from CNNIC ： China Internet Network Information Center 中国互联网络发展状况统计报告

Data from CNNIC ： China Internet Network Information Center 中国互联网络发展状况统计报告

Data from Nielson 中国社交媒体受访用户研究报告， 2012 CZT/ACN Trademarks, L.L.C

Communications ToolsTraditional New

What is used today in Government

Blogs–moderated discussions

RSS–Web information updates

Podcasts–news, information, topics of interest

Text messages–subscription basis specific topics

Facebook/MySpace/YouTube

Video and photo sharing

Example: white house homepage integrated many Web 2.0 applications

Government Microblog

Why do we need to engage government through Web 2.0?

Interaction between government and citizens been largely 1-way: little dialogue.

Access to public service institutions (core channels of interaction between government and governed) has been limited. New media provides a channel for public service to reach the public.

Web 2.0 provides a channel through which the people can make demands on the government.

Make government more transparent and accountable.

Web 2.0 and Public Participation

Case 1 ： Dacai Yang （杨达才）

nickname ： Uncle “watches”

Case 2 ： Wael Ghonim- Inside the Egyptian Revolution

Case 1: 杨达才2012.8.26 morning ， Shanxi province Yanan city ，

severe car accident-36 died,2 heavily injured

Uncle ‘ Watches’ 表叔

people express their anger in comic pics

DiscussionThe benefits of Web 2.0 for government

The challenges of Web 2.0 for government

Benefits

Increased access to audiences

Increased transparency and accountability

Improved accessibility of communication

Increased speed of public feedback and input

Enables government to be more active in its relationships

Challenges ？

The end

& Thank you ！