Web Programming - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/wonkwang/leehyun... · 2016-09-09 ·...

WONKWANG UNIVERSITY

Web Programming

ARRAY

WONKWANG UNIVERSITY Division of Information and e-Commerce - HCL 2

CONTENTS

ARRAY

One dimensional array (numeric arrays)

Associative arrays

Multi-dimensional array

Array functions


One dimensional array

Array : An array stores multiple values in one single variable.

An array has same data type of the value and same name for the variable.

A variable is a storage area holding a number or text.

Component of array: key (or index) + value

Example

<?php

$score[0] = 85;

$score[1] = 75;

$score[2] = 80;

$score[3] = 90;

$score[4] = 85;

for ( $i=0; $i<5; $i++ ) {

echo "\$score[$i] = $score[$i] ";

}

?>

$score[0] $score[1] $score[2] $score[3]

85 75 80 90 85 $score[4]


One dimensional array(2)

Case of omitting key value

example

<?php

$score[ ] = 85;

$score[ ] = 75;

$score[3] = 80;

$score[5] = 90;

$score[ ] = 65;

$score[2] = 68;

$score[1] = 88;

$score[ ] = 95;

foreach ( $score as $key => $val ) {

echo "\$score[$key] = $val ";

}

?>


Associative arrays

Array with string type key value

each ID key is associated with a value.

Ex

<?php

$player['pitcher'] = "박찬호";

$player['catcher'] = "이만수";

$player['first'] = "최희섭";

$player['second'] = "안경현";

$player['third'] = "김동주";

echo "{$player['pitcher']} ";

echo "{$player['catcher']} ";

echo "{$player['first']} ";

echo "{$player['second']} ";

echo "{$player['third']} ";

?>


Multidimensional arrays

each element in the main array can also be an array. And each

element in the sub-array can be an array, and so on

$score[1][0] $score[1][1] $score[1][2] $score[1][3]

85 75 80 90


75 65 70 80

<?php

$score[0][0] = 85; $score[0][1] = 75; $score[0][2] = 80; $score[0][3] = 90;


printf("A 선수의 총점 = %d ",$score[0][0]+$score[1][0]);

printf("B 선수의 총점 = %d ",$score[0][1]+$score[1][1]);

printf("C 선수의 총점 = %d ",$score[0][2]+$score[1][2]);


?>

[0][ ]

[1][ ]


Multidimensional arrays


85 75 80 90


75 65 70 80

<?php



printf("A 선수의 총점 = %d ",$score[0][0]+$score[1][0]);

printf("B 선수의 총점 = %d ",$score[0][1]+$score[1][1]);



?>

[0][ ]

[1][ ]


Array functions

Array function used

example

<?php

$score[0] = 85;

$score[1] = 75;

$score[2] = 80;

$score[3] = 90;

$score[4] = 85;

for ( $i=0; $i<5; $i++ ) {

echo "\$score[$i] = $score[$i] "; }

foreach ( $score as $key => $value ) {

echo “\$score[ $key ] = $value “; }

?>

result ?

<?php

$score = array(85, 75, 80, 90, 85);

$score = array(0=>85, 1=>75, 2=>80, 3=>90, 4=>85);

for ( $i=0; $i<5; $i++ ) {

echo "\$score[$i] = $score[$i] ";

}

?>

result ?


Array functions

Example using string

<?php

$player = array(„pitcher‟=>”박찬호”, „catcher‟=>”이만수”);

echo “{\$player[„pitcher‟] = $player[„pitcher‟] } ”;

echo “{\$player[„pitcher‟] = $player[„catcher‟] } ”;

//키가 문자열이면 출력시에도 문자열로

?>

result ?


Array functions(2)

Two dimensional array


85 75 80 90


75 65 70 80

<?php



$scoreNew = array( 0=>array(85, 75, 80, 90), 1=>array(75, 65, 70, 80) );

printf("A의 점수 = %d ",$score[0][0]+$score[1][0]);

printf("B의 점수 = %d ",$score[0][1]+$score[1][1]);

printf("C의 점수 = %d ",$score[0][2]+$score[1][2]);

printf(“D의 점수 = %d ",$score[0][3]+$score[1][3]);

for ( $i=0; $i<2; $i++ ) {

for ( $j=0; $j<4; $j++ ) {

printf("A 선수의 총점 = %d ", $scoreNew[$i][$j]); } }

?>

[0][ ]

[1][ ]


Array functions(3)

List : function to replace values returned from array with general

variables at a time

ex

<?php

$info = array( "Database", "Query", "DBMS" );

list( $data, $lang, $soft ) = $info;

echo "\$data=$data, \$lang=$lang, \$soft=$soft ";

list( $data, , $soft ) = $info;

echo "\$data=$data, \$soft=$soft ";

list( , , $soft ) = $info;

echo "\$soft=$soft ";

?>

result?


Array functions(4)

Each : facilitates to refer the values in an array through cursor

function

return array with 4 elements format ( 0, 1, “key”, “value” )

0, “key” : key value of array element

1, “value” : values stored in array

Return false when the data getting by each is last

format :

returned-type each ( array-type-returend array_name) : array each ( array

array )

Ex

(each function)

<?php

$arr = array ( "수학", "국어", "영어", "체육", "생물", “물리” );

$element = each ( $arr );

echo "$element[0] {$element[ 'key„ ] } ";

echo "$element[1] {$element[ 'value„ ] } ";


echo "$element[0] {$element[ 'key‟ ] } ";

echo "$element[1] {$element[ 'value‟ ] } ";

?>

result ?


Array functions(5)

Each :

ex (with string key value)

<?php

$arr = array ( "cf"=>"안정환", "mf"=>"박지성", "df"=>"이을용”);


echo "$element[0] {$element['key']} ";

echo "$element[1] {$element['value']} ";

$element = each ($arr);

echo "$element[0] {$element['key']} ";

echo "$element[1] {$element['value']} ";

?>

result ?


Array functions(6)

Print the values of an array using loop statements

<?php

$arr = array ("cf"=>"안정환", "mf"=>"박지성", "df"=>"이을용");

while ( list( $key, $value ) = each ( $arr ) ) {

echo "$key : $value ";

}

// OR

$arr = array ("cf"=>"안정환", "mf"=>"박지성", "df"=>"이을용");

foreach ( $arr as $key => $value ) {


}

?>

result ?


Array functions(7)

Count : return number of count of array elements

format :

returned-type count ( mixed var [, int mode ]) :

ex) int count (mixed var [, int mode])

<?php

$arr = array( "이현창", "이윤하", "이하윤“ );

$num = count( $arr ); // sizeof( $arr);

echo "원소의 개수 : $num ";

for ( $i=0; $i<$num; $i++ ) {

list( $key,$value ) = each( $arr );


}

?>

result?

<?php

// 이차원 배열

$food = array( '한식' => array('곰탕', '불고기', '해장국', '냉면'),

'양식' => array('햄버거', '피자','커틀렛','스테이크'),

'중식' => array('짜장면', '짬뽕', '탕수육','양장피'));

echo count( $food )." ";

echo count( $food,COUNT_RECURSIVE )." ";

var_dump( $food );

?>

result ?


Array functions(8)

Sort : sort array elements

format :

void sort (array array [, int sort_flags] )

SORT_REGULAR : comparison of general elements

SORT_NUMERIC : comparison with numeric elements

SORT_STRING : comparison with string elements

ex

<?php

$product = array

("MP3", "PDA", "DICA", "NOTEBOOK");

foreach ( $product as $key => $value ) {


}

sort ( $product );

echo "<HR>";

foreach ( $product as $key => $value ) {


}

?>

result ?


Array functions(9)

Methods preserving key order with string type key

<?php

$score = array

("lee" => 90, "kim"=>40, "choi"=>80, "park

"=>85);

sort ($score);



}

?>

result ?

<?php

$score = array

("lee" => 90, "kim"=>40, "choi"=>80, "park"

=>85);

asort ($score);



}?>

result?


Array functions(10)

in_array : distinguish whether there is a specific value or not.

format : bool in_array ( mixed needle, array haystack [, bool strict ] )

If there is needle when searching the word needle in array haystack, return true

otherwise false.

If strict is set true, then it is case-sensitive comparison processed.

<?php

$arr = array ("cass", "lager", "corona", "adams", "hite", "miller");

if ( in_array ("cass", $arr) ) echo "cass was found ";

if ( in_array ("Miller", $arr) ) echo "Miller was found ";

echo "<HR>";

$arr = array ( "3.14", 256, 512, 1048, 2048);

if ( in_array ( 3.14, $arr) )

echo "3.14 was found ";

if ( in_array ( 3.14, $arr, TRUE) )

echo "3.14 was found strictly ";

if ( in_array ( "3.14", $arr, TRUE) )

echo "\"3.14\" was found strictly ";

?>


Array functions(11)

Cursor functions in array operation(internal pointer)

current : return a current element value of array

format : mixed current ( array array )

next :

format : mixed next ( array array )

prev :

format : mixed prev ( array array )

end :

format : mixed end ( array array )

reset

format : mixed reset ( array array )

key :

format : mixed key ( array array )


The End

ARRAY

One dimensional array (numeric arrays)

Associative arrays

Multi-dimensional array

Array functions

Date post:	30-Jun-2020
Category:	Documents
Upload:	others
View:	1 times
Download:	0 times

Web Programming - KOCWcontents.kocw.net/KOCW/document/2014/wonkwang/leehyun... · 2016-09-09 ·...

Documents