Web Technology Today

ByL.Ramkumar.,M.Sc.,(C.S).,M.Com.,(Co.Op)., D.W.D., (PhD).,

Trend*

1. The general direction in which something tends to move.

2. A general tendency or inclination.3. Current style

*http://dictionary.reference.com

Web Technology

• Internet Technolgy

The Internet is a global revolution in communication – as long asYou use letters from the Western alphabet.

People want their own domains in their own languages.

The Internet today represented as “ASCII ‘English’ Internet”.

In feature there is a possibility for “Arabic Internet”, “Persian Internet”, “Chinese Internet”, “Indian Internet” and so on.

-Kieren McCarthy, THE HINDU – JULY 28

World Wide Web •The Web is a network of computers all over the world. •All the computers in the Web can communicate with each other. •All the computers use a communication standard called HTTP.

How does the  WWW work? •Web information is stored in documents called web pages.  •Web pages are files stored on computers called web servers. •Computers reading the web pages are called web clients. •Web clients view the pages with a program called a web browser. Popular browsers are Internet Explorer and Netscape Navigator.

How does a Browser Fetch a Web Page?

•A browser fetches a page from a web server by a request. •A request is a standard HTTP request containing a page address. •An address may looks like this: http://www.sigc.edu/index.htm

How does a Browser Display a Web Page?

•All web pages contain instructions for display •The browser displays the page by reading these instructions. •The most common display instructions are called HTML tags. •HTML tags look like this <p>This is a Paragraph</p>.

What is a Web Server? •The collection of all your web pages is called your web site. •To let others view your work, you must publish your web site. •To publish your work, you must copy your site to a web server. •Your own PC can act as a web server if it is connected to a network. Most common is to use an Internet Service Provider (ISP).

ISP

•ISP is a shortcut for Internet Service Provider. •An ISP provides Internet services. •A common Internet service is web hosting. •Web hosting means storing your web site on a public server. •Web hosting normally includes email services. Web hosting often includes domain name registration.

Domain Name

A domain name is a unique name for a web site, like sigc.com and harshainfotech.com.•Domain names must be registered. When domain names are registered they are added to a large domain name register, and information about your site - including your internet IP address - is stored on a DNS server.•DNS stands for Domain Name System. A DNS server is responsible for informing all other computers on the Internet about your domain name and your site address.

Registering a Domain Domains can be registered from domain name registration companies.Domain Name Registration provides registration services for .com .net .org .biz .info .us .nu .ws .in .co.in .cc and .tv domains.

Sub Domain Most people are unaware but they already use sub domains on a daily basis. The famous "www" of the World Wide Web is the most common example of a sub domain. Common examples of sub domains used on the internet are http://mail.yahoo.com and http://support.microsoft.com.

Email Accounts

Hosting solutions should include email accounts for each person in your company. Email addresses should appear like this:

ramkumar@harshainfotech.comDr_meena@sigc.edu

POP Email

POP stands for Post Office Protocol. POP is a standard client/server protocol for sending and receiving email.

The emails are received and held on your internet server until you pick it up with a client email program, like Outlook, Outlook Express, Netscape Messenger, etc. POP email programs are built into Netscape and Internet Explorer browsers (i.e. Microsoft Outlook Express).

IMAP Email

IMAP stands for Internet Message Access Protocol. IMAP is another standard protocol for sending and receiving email.

IMAP represents an improvement over POP because email stored on an IMAP server can be manipulated from several computers (a computer at home, a workstation at the office, etc.) without having to transfer messages back and forth between computers. POP was designed to support email access on a single computer.

Windows Hosting Windows hosting means hosting of web

services that runs on the Windows operating system.

You should choose Windows hosting if you plan to use ASP (Active Server Pages) as server scripting, or if you plan to use a database like Microsoft Access or Microsoft SQL Server. Windows hosting is also the best choice if you plan to develop your web site using Microsoft Front Page.

Linux Hosting

Linux hosting means hosting of web services that runs on the Linux operating system.

You should choose Linux hosting if you plan to use PHP as server scripting, or if you plan to use a database like MySQL or PostgresSQL.

ASP.NETASP.NET is the latest version of

Microsoft's Active Server Pages technology (ASP).

ASP.NET is a part of the Microsoft .NET framework, and a powerful tool for creating dynamic and interactive web pages.

PHP PHP is a powerful server-side scripting language

for creating dynamic and interactive websites. PHP is the widely-used, free, and efficient

alternative to competitors such as Microsoft's ASP. PHP is perfectly suited for Web development and can be embedded directly into the HTML code.

The PHP syntax is very similar to Perl and C. PHP is often used together with Apache (web server) on various operating systems. It also supports ISAPI and can be used with Microsoft's IIS on Windows.

Web Databases

If your web site needs to update large quantities of information via the web, you will need a database to store your information.

There are many different database systems available for web hosting. The most common are MS Access, MySQL, SQL Server, and Oracle.

SQL Server

Microsoft's SQL Server is one of the most popular database software for database-driven web sites with high traffic.

SQL Server is a very powerful, robust and full featured SQL database system.

MySQL MySQL is also a popular database

software for web sites.MySQL is an inexpensive alternative to

the expensive Microsoft and Oracle solutions

Mobile Web Mobile applications can now be developed to deliver

any types of data, to any user, any place in the world! Different mobile devices support different

programming languages. Some support WAP and WML, some support HTML or a limited version of HTML, and some support both or a different language.

To support all types of mobile devices, developers must create one different application for each language.

With .NET Mobile, Microsoft has introduced a new platform for developing mobile applications.

HTML DOM The HTML DOM is the Document Object

Model for HTML. The HTML DOM defines a standard set of

objects for HTML, and a standard way to access and manipulate HTML documents.

The HTML DOM views HTML documents as a tree structure of elements. All elements, along with their text and attributes, can be accessed and manipulated through the DOM tree.

Example – HTML DOM

<html>

<head>

<script type="text/javascript">

function ChangeColor()

{ document.body.bgColor="yellow" } </script>

</head>

<body onclick="ChangeColor()">

Click on this document! </body> </html>

CSS – Cascading Style Sheet CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets Styles define how to display HTML elements Styles are normally stored in Style Sheets Styles were added to HTML 4.0 to solve a

problem External Style Sheets can save you a lot of

work External Style Sheets are stored in CSS files Multiple style definitions will cascade into one

XHTML XHTML stands for EXtensible HyperText

Markup Language XHTML is aimed to replace HTML XHTML is almost identical to HTML 4.01 XHTML is a stricter and cleaner version of

HTML XHTML is HTML defined as an XML

application XHTML is a W3C Recommendation

XHTML - WhyThe following HTML code will work fine

if you view it in a browser, even if it does not follow the HTML rules:

<html> <head> <title>This is bad HTML</title> <body> <h1>Bad HTML </body>

XHTML - Why XML is a markup language where everything has to be marked

up correctly, which results in "well-formed" documents. XML was designed to describe data and HTML was designed to

display data.  Today's market consists of different browser technologies, some

browsers run Internet on computers, and some browsers run Internet on mobile phones and hand helds. The last-mentioned do not have the resources or power to interpret a "bad" markup language.

Therefore - by combining HTML and XML, and their strengths, we got a markup language that is useful now and in the future - XHTML.

XML XML stands for EXtensible Markup Language XML is a markup language much like HTML XML was designed to describe data XML tags are not predefined. You must define your

own tags XML uses a Document Type Definition (DTD) or an

XML Schema to describe the data XML with a DTD or XML Schema is designed to be

self-descriptive XML is a W3C Recommendation

JavascriptJavaScript is the scripting language

of the Web!JavaScript is used in millions of Web

pages to improve the design, validate forms, detect browsers, create cookies, and much more.

JavaScript is the most popular scripting language on the internet.

DHTML DHTML stands for Dynamic HTML. DHTML is not a standard defined by the

World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). DHTML is a "marketing term" - used by Netscape and Microsoft to describe the new technologies the 4.x generation browsers would support.

DHTML is a combination of technologies used to create dynamic Web sites.

To most people DHTML means a combination of HTML 4.0, Style Sheets and JavaScript.

VBScript VBScript is a scripting language A scripting language is a lightweight

programming language VBScript is a light version of Microsoft's

programming language Visual Basic When a VBScript is inserted into a HTML

document, the Internet browser will read the HTML and interpret the VBScript. The VBScript can be executed immediately, or at a later event.

AJAXAJAX is not a new language, but just a

new way to use existing standards.With AJAX you can create better, faster,

and more user friendly web applications.

AJAX is based on JavaScript and HTTP requests.

E4XE4X is a new extension to JavaScriptE4X adds direct support for XML to

JavaScriptE4X is an official JavaScript standard

Conclusion In feature there is more potential for

e-commerce application. Mobile application Internationalization application

Questions &

ThanksFor listeningFor giving me an opportunity to interact

with you.For sharing my knowledge with you.For management.Staffs and Teachers.