Extra Support for Vocabulary and ConceptsName _____________________________________________
What Are Ecosystems?Science Wordsenvironment [en•VY•ruhn•muhnt] the living and nonliving things that surround a living thing
ecosystem [EE•kih•sis•tuhm] all the living and nonliving things in a place.
Forests, deserts, and mountains are land ecosystems.
-Desert plants and animals have adaptations for living in a dry ecosystem.
-Ocean ecosystems are made up of plants and animals living in salt water.
-Rivers, which carry water to the ocean, are fresh water ecosystems.
habitat [HAB•i•tat] the place where a plant or animal lives
population [pahp•yuh•LAY•shuhn] all of one kind of organism living in the same area
Population is about only one kind of living thing.
community [kuh•MYOO•nuh•tee] all of the populations that live and interact in an area
Your neighborhood is a community. The community includes the children and adults who live and work there. It also includes the plants and animals. The people, plants, and animals in your community are connected.
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Extra Support for Vocabulary and ConceptsName _____________________________________________
Choose the best answer:
1-Which of the following best describes the living and non-living parts of an area:
A. A niche B. community
C. An ecosystem D.biome
2-A group made of the same kind of individuals living in the same ecosystem
A. A population B. community
C. An ecosystem D.biome
3-All the populations that live in the same place
A. A population B. community
C. An ecosystem D.biome
4-Which of these is a biotic factor in an ecosystem?
A water B air
C sunlight D grass
5- A place where the animal lives is its
A. A population B. community
C. An ecosystem D.habitat
6-Most of Earth is made up of which type of ecosystem?
A.desert B. freshwater
C.grassland D. saltwater
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Extra Support for Vocabulary and ConceptsName _____________________________________________
What Is a Food Chain?-Producer [pruh•DOOS•er] a living thing that makes its own food.
Plants are producers.
Produce means make something. A plant is a producer because it produces its own food.
-Photosynthesis [foht•oh•SIN•thuh•sis] the process a green plant uses to make food
Plants need light in order to do photosynthesis.
During photosynthesis, plants use water , sunlight , and carbon dioxide from the air to produce sugar, which is stored in the leaves (3).
-Consumer [kuhn•SOOM•er] a living thing that eats other living things
A consumer couldn’t live without a producer.
a-Herbivores: are animals that eat only plants. b-Carnivores: are animals that eat other animals.c-Omnivores: including humans, they eat mostly plants and animals.
Decomposer [dee•cuhm•POHZ•er] living things that get energy by breaking down wastes and dead plant and animal matter
.Decomposers take things apart by breaking them down.
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Extra Support for Vocabulary and ConceptsName _____________________________________________
Food Chains
food chain [FOOD CHAYN] a way to show the path of food from one living thing to another. A food chain begins with producers.
The links in a food chain are plants and animals. The links are connected in an order that shows which animal is eating which.
A food web shows the relationship among different food chains.
An energy pyramid shows how much energy is passed from one living thing to another .
Predator and preyAn animal that hunts other animals for food is called a predator.
An animal that is hunted for food is called prey.
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Extra Support for Vocabulary and ConceptsName _____________________________________________
Choose the best answer:
1-In a food chain, there are producers, consumers, and decomposers. What is the role of a producer in a food chain?
to eat plants to make food
to eat other living things to break down dead things
2-A bird kills and eats an insect for food and energy. Which best describes the bird?
It is a predator. It is a producer.
It is a herbivore. It performs photosynthesis.
3-A food chain shows how living things depend on other living things for energy. Which of the following correctly shows how energy moves through a food chain?
grass oak tree human
grass chicken humanhuman chicken grasschicken grass human
4-Some living things, such as rabbits, eat only plants. What is the name for living things that eat only plants?
carnivores consumers
herbivores producers
5-Which type of food would a herbivore eat?berries mice
rabbits worms
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Extra Support for Vocabulary and ConceptsName _____________________________________________
6-This picture shows a food chain in the ocean.How does the small fish get energy?
by eating algae
by eating the shark
by eating a consumer
by eating the sea lion
7-In a food chain, frogs eat grasshoppers. Snakes eat frogs. Hawks eat snakes. What kind of organism is missing from this food chain?
animal carnivore
consumer producer
8-Which type of food would a herbivore eat?berries mice
rabbits worms
9-In which group does a hawk belong?
carnivore herbivore
omnivore producer
10-Which animal is classified as an omnivore?
A red fox B deer
C black bear D rabbit
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Extra Support for Vocabulary and ConceptsName _____________________________________________
11-Cows are farm animals that eat only plants. Which of these kinds of
living things is a cow?
A. Decomposer B. Herbivore
C. Carnivore D. Producer
12-What is the major source of energy for food chains?
A water B air
C sunlight D grass
13-Why are decomposers important in any environment?
A They make food using sunlight.
B They make places for animals to live.
C They help to break down dead organisms.
D They are a big part of the water cycle.
Show how energy gets used in a food chain. Draw an energy pyramid into this triangle.
Divide it into 3 sections and in each section put one living thing.Label each consumer as either herbivore or carnivore.
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