COMPLETE AP VERGIL VOCABULARY

a, ab from, away from, byAbas 1. an Argive King 2. a friend of Aeneasabdo put away, hide, shut upabeo go away, depart, withdraw, deviateabies spruce, firabluo wash off, purify; cleanseabnuo refuse, decline, rejectabripio snatch away, snatch, seizeabrumpo break off, destroy, violateabscessus departure, absenceabscondo put away, conceal, hideabsens absent, distant, left behindabsisto withdraw, depart from; cease;abstineo hold back, refrainabstrudo thrust away; hideabsum be absent or away from; be wantingac same as atque – and, and alsoAcamas one of the Greeks at Troyaccedo come or draw near, go to, approachaccendo set on fire; inflame; arouse; inspireaccingo gird, equip, make readyaccipio receive, accept, admit, welcomeaccumbo recline at, take one’s place at the tableaccumulo heap up, honoracer sharp, keen, fierce, violentacervus pointed pile, heapAcestes king of SicilyAchates Aeneas’s constant companionAcheron river of the underworldAchilles greatest of the Greek heroes at TroyAchivus Greek, pl. Greeksacies sharp edge, battle line, keen visionacutus sharpened, sharp, pointed, jaggedad to, toward, near, at, byaddenseo thicken, pack denselyaddo give in addition, put to, add, lendadeo to that degree, soadeo adire – go to, approach, reach visit, encounter, meetadfligo shatter, cast downadflo breath upon, inspireadfluo flow to, come toadfor address, speak toadgredior approach, go toadhuc hitherto, till now, as yetadicio throw at, addadigo drive to, drive, hurl, forceadimo take to oneself, take away, snatch awayaditus approach, audience, entranceadiuro call to witness, swear byadiuvo aid, assist, helpadlabor glide toadloquor address, speak toadmiror wonder at, be surprised atadmoneo warn admonish, remindadmoveo move or bring to, offeradnitor strive, lean onadnuo nod assent, promiseadoro pray to, worship, adore

adquiro acquire, gainadservo guard, watchadsiduus constant, unceasingadsisto stand by, attend; make a standadspecto look at, look towards, overlookadspicio look at, observe, inspectadsto stand near; be at hand, look on; stand upadsum be present, be at hand, nearadsurgo rise up, stand up, riseadultus adult, full grownadvena stranger, foreigneradvenio come to, comeadversor oppose, resistadversus turned toward, opposing, facing, adverseadverto turn toward, give heed, note, noticeadvolo fly to, fly towardsadvolvo roll to or towardadytum sanctuary, shrine, tombAeacides descendant of Aeacus, i.e. Achillesaedes hearth; pl. apartments; house, dwellingaedifico build, constructaeger sick, diseased, weary, weakaemulus rivaling, competingAeneadae followers of AeneasAeneas hero of the AeneidAeneius of Aeneasaenum kettle, cauldronaenus of bronze, brazenAeolia an island near Sicily, abode of AeolusAeolides son or descendant of AeolusAeolus god of the windsaequaevus of the same or equal ageaequo make equal, adjust, equal, match, do justice toaequor the sea, surface of the sea, a level surfaceaequus even, level, just, fairaer air, breeze, mist, cloudaeratus made of or covered with bronze; brazenaereus made of or plated with bronze; brazenaerius airy, high, lofty, toweringaes copper, bronzeaestas summer, summer airaestus heat, flame; tide, sea, floodaetas age; old age; years, timeaeternus everlasting, eternalaether upper air, ether; air; sky, heavenaetherius of the ether, of heavenaevum age, time; old ageAfrica Northern AfricaAfricus the southwest windAgathyrsi people of ScythiaAgenor a king of Phoenicia and ancestor of Didoager field, landagger heap, mound; elevation; dike; rampartaggero heap up, increaseagitator driver, charioteeragito drive with violence; chase, torment, harassagmen army (on the march), column, train, formation, rank, lineagnosco recognizeago drive, do, pursue, conduct imp – Come!Aiax one of two Greek heroes 1. son of Telamon 2. son of Oileus

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ait says, assertsala wing, pinionalatus wingedAlba Alba Longa, an ancient city of LatiumAlbanus of Alba, AlbanAlcides descendant of Alcaeus, i.e. Herculesales winged, as noun-winged creature, birdAletes a friend of Aeneasalienus another’s, foreignaliqui some, anyaliquis someone, anyonealiter otherwisealius another, other, elsealligo bind, tie, fasten, imprisonalmus nourishing, fostering, propitious, kindlyalo nourish, feed, encourage, strengthen, rearAlpinus of the Alps, Alpinealtaria altaralter one of the two, the otheralterno do by turns; waver, hesitatealternus one after the other; in turnaltus high, lofty; deep, profound; as noun altum – the sea, heavenalumnus nursling, foster-child, child, sonalvus belly, bodyamarus bitter, unpleasant, unwelcomeAmazonis an Amazonambages turning, winding; riddle, mystery; detailsambio go around, surround, encircle, approachambo both; towambrosius ambrosial, diving; immortal; lovelyamens senseless; frantic, distracted; amazedamicio throw around; wrap, envelopamictus cloak, mantle, robe; veilamicus friendly; as noun - friendamitto lose, send away; let goamnis river, stream; torrentamo love, cherish, likeamor love, affection, fondness; as person - Cupidamplector enfold, embrace, wind aboutamplus grand, roomy, spacious; splendid, gloriousAmycus king of the Bebrycians or friend of Aeneasan orAnchises Aeneas’s fatherAnchisiades descendant of Anchisesancora anchorAndrogeos son of Minos, king of Crete; or Greek hero slain at Troyanguis serpent, snakeangustus narrow, as noun – narrow placeanhelus panting, heavinganima breath, breath of life; life, existence; shade, soul spiritanimus soul, spirit, heart, courage, daring, feelingAnna Dido’s sisterannalis annual, yearlyannosus aged, oldannus yearante before, in front of, previouslyantefero put before, carry beforeAntenor Trojan leader, founder of PataviumAntheus friend of Aeneasantiquus of olden times, ancient, aged, former

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antrum cave, cavern, grottoaper wild boaraperio open, uncover, disclose, revealapex tip, point, summitapis beeApollo god of music and prophecyappareo appear, be disclosed, be seenappello drive to, bring toapto fit, adjust, equipaqua waterAquilo the north wind, windaquosus watery, rainy, rain-bearingara altararbor tree, trunk, shootarboreus treelike, branchingarbos see arborArcades ArcadiansArcadius of Arcadiaarcanus secret, hiddenarceo bind, confine, keep off, debararcesso cause to come, call, summonArctos the Northarcus bow, rainbow, curve, bendardens burning, blazing, fiery, flashyardeo be on fire, burn, blazearduus steep, high, lofty, toweringargentum silver; silver plateArgivus Greek, ArgiveArgolicus of Argos, GreekArgos Greekarguo prove, reveal, betrayaridus dry, parchedaries ram, battering ramarma arms, weapons; tools, equipmentarmatus armed, equippedarmentum cattle for plowing; herd, drovearmiger armor-bearerarmo equip, armarmus shoulder; flankaro plow, till; inhabitarrigo direct to, raise, upliftars skill, dexterity; art; practiceartifex artist, artisan, contriverartus joint, limb, frame, bodyarvum plowed land, cultivated field, fieldarx citadel, fortress, stronghold; hill, peakAscanius Aeneas’s sonascendo climb, mount, ascendAsia Asia Minoraspecto look at, gaze at; faceaspectus sight, view, appearanceasper rough; thorny, jagged; harshaspicio look at, look upon, behold; regardasporto carry away; carry offAssaracus former king of Troy, Anchises’ grandfatherast but; yet, at leastastrum star; pl. heavenasylum place of refuge; sanctuaryat but; yet, at leastater black, dark, sable, dusky; gloomy

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Atlas mt. in N. Africa; personified as giantatque and, and also; but, thanAtrides descendant of Atreus, especially Agamemnon or Menelausatrium court, hall, atrium, roomattollo lift up, raise up; rearattonitus thunderstruck; awed, amazed, dazedattono thunder at, stun; strike with aweauctor father, progenitor, produceraudens daring, bold, courageousaudeo dare, venture, riskaudio hear, listen toaufero take away, carry off, withdraw, removeaugur seer, soothsayer, diviner, auguraugurium the observance of omens, auguryaula court, yard, inner courtAulis town on the coast of Boetiaaura air, breeze, wind, blastaureus golden, of goldauricomus golden-haired, with golden foliageauriga charioteer, driverauris earAurora morning, dawn, personified as goddess of morningaurum goldAusonius Ausonian, Italianauspex an interpreter of omens given by birds, diviner, augurauspicium divination by the flight of birds, augury from birdsauster the south windaut or; aut…aut= either…orautem however, on the other handAutomedon Greek charioteer of Achillesauxilium help, aid, assistanceavarus greedy, covetousaveho carry away, take awayavello tear away, pluck, snatch awayAvernus a lake near Cumae (entrance to the underworld)averto turn away, avert, removeavidus eager, greedy, desirousavis birdavius out of the way, remote, tracklessavus grandfatheraxis axle, heaven, open skybacchor celebrate the festival of BacchusBacchus god of wine, son of Jupiter and Semelebalteus belt, sword-beltbarba beardbarbaricus foreign, strange, barbaricBarcaei inhabitants of Barce, a town in Libyabeatus happy, blessed, fortunatebellatrix female warriorbello wage war, warbellum war bene well, agreeablybenignus kind, good, friendly, pleasingbibo drinkbidens a sheep, (literally-having two teeth)biformis of double form, two-shapedbigae a team of two horses, a two-horse chariotbiiugus two yoked togetherbini two by two, two eachbipennis a two-edged axe, double axe, battle-axe

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biremis a ship with two banks of oarsbis twice, doublebonus goodBoreas the north wind, the Northbracchium arm; the fore-armbrattea thin plate of leaf or metal; metalbrevis short, briefbruma winterbrumalis wintrybulla knob, stud, bubble, Byrsa citadel of Carthagecado fall, fall down, descendcadus jar, urncaecus blindcaedes killing, slaughter, carnagecaedo cut, cut down, strike, killcaelestis of heaven, from heaven, as noun – the heavenly bodiescaelo engrave, carvecaelum sky, heaven, the heavensCaesar Augustus or JuliusCaicus friend of AeneasCaieta town on the coast of Latiumcalcar spurcaleo glow, be hot, be warmcalidus warm, hotcallis a path, mountain-pathcalor heat, warmth, glowcampus field, plan, level placecandeo shine, glitter, glistencanis dogcano sing, sound, playcanorus melodious, harmoniouscantus song, singingcanus white, hoarycapesso seize eagerly, snatch at, lay hold ofcapio seize, grasp, capturecapra she-goatcaptivus prisoner, captivecapulus hiltcaput head, the summit, personCapys friend of Aeneas or king of Albacarbasus canvas, sailcarcer prison, jailcardo hingecareo lack, be free fromcarina keel; shipcarmen song, poem, versecarpo pluck, pick, tear awaycarus dear, precious, valuedCassandra daughter of Priam and priestess of Apollocastigo correct, chastise, blame, chidecastra military campcasus fall, falling-down, ruin, failurecaterva crowd, troop, throngCaucasus chain of mountains between the Black and Caspian Seascausa cause, reason, motivecautes crag, pointed rockcaverna cave, cavern, grottocavo hollow out, excavatecavus hollow, excavated

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Cecropidae Athenians (descendants of Cecrops, founder of Athens)cedo go from, remove, withdraw, abandoncelebro frequent, crowd, throng, practice, celebrateceler quick, swift, speedycelero quicken, hasten, acceleratecella store-room, cell, sanctuarycelo hide, conceal from, elude, covercelsus lofty, elevated, toweringcentum 100Cerealis sacred to CeresCeres daughter of Saturn, goddess of agriculturecerno separate, distinguish, discern, perceivecertamen contest, struggle, strifecerto fight, contend, strugglecertus determined, resolved, fixed, certaincerva hind, deer (female)cervix neck, napecervus stag, deer (male)cesso delay, loiter, do nothingceteri the others, the restceu as, like, just asChalcidicus of Chalcis, of Cumae chlamys mantle, military cloakchorus troop of dancers, choruscieo cause to go, move; rouse, stir, callcingo equip, gird oneself; surround, encirclecingulum belt, girdlecinis ashescirca around, round about, nearcircum around, all aroundcircumdo surround, place around, encompasscircumspicio look about, observecircumsto stand around, surroundcircumvenio encircle, be aroundcircumvolo fly aroundCithaeron mountain sacred to Bacchuscithara lute, citharacito quicklycitus quick, swift, rapidcivis citizenclam secretly, covertlyclamo shout, call, cry outclamor shoutclarus clear, bright, famousclassis fleet, divisionclaudo shut, close, encloseclaustrum bar, bolt, barrierclipeus round shieldCloanthus friend of AeneasClonus Clonus, a craftsmanCocytus river of the underworldcoeo come together, meet, assemblecoepi begin, commencecoetus assemblage, crowd, companyCoeus one of the Titanscognomen surname, second-name, family-namecognosco ascertain, understand, learn, knowcogo collect, compel, force, urgecolligo gather, collect; assemblecollis hill

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collum neckcolo till, care for, cultivate; honor, lovecolonus farmer, settlercolor color, hue, tintcoluber snake, serpentcolumba dove, pigeoncolumna pillar, column, postcoma hair; foliagecomes friend, companion, comradecomitatus escort, crowd, retinuecomitor accompany, attend, followcommendo commit, entrust; commandcomminus hand to hand, in close contest, nearcommisceo mix, mingle together, unitecommitto join, commit, fight, entrust, practicecommoveo shake, stir, trouble; displace, carry awaycommunis common, general, universalcomo comb, arrange, braidcompages joint, structurecompello accost, address; reproach, rebukecomplector clasp, embrace, graspcompleo fill, fill up, cramcompono collect, lay; put to rest, quietcomprendo take hold of, seize, graspconcedo withdraw; grant; permitconcha shellconcido fall, collapseconcilio bring together, uniteconcio move violently, shakeconclamo shout, acclaim; call loudlyconcludo close, shut up; restrain, limit, restrictconcresco grow together, harden; take form, growconcurro assemble, gather, battle, fightconcursus throng, mob, tumult, concourseconcutio shake, agitate, shockcondensus dense, close, thick, crowdedcondo found, establish, buildconfido trust, confide, rely onconfio be arranged, be accomplishedconfundo mingle, mix, blend; pour outcongero bring together, collect; construct, accumulatecongressus meeting, assembly, conferenceconicio throw, hurl, thrust; conclude, inferconiugium marriage, unionconiungo join, unite, gatherconiunx spouse, husband, wifeconlabor fall in ruins, crumble, sinkconor try, attempt, beginconscendo climb, ascend, mountconscius witnessing, privy, knowing, consciousconsido settle, sit down, sink downconsilium council, plan, stratagemconsisto stand still, halt, stop, make a standconspectus sight, view, presenceconspicio perceive, observe, look atconsterno strew, pave, coverconstituo decide, establish, determineconsulo reflect, deliberate, consider, resolveconsultum decree, decision; deliberationconsumo use up, eat, devour

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consurgo rise, stand up, arisecontendo strain, hasten, press on; fightconticesco fall silent, become stillcontiguus bordering, neighboring, adjoiningcontingo happen; touch, take hold of, seize, touch, concerncontinuo immediately, without delaycontorqueo turn, twist, twirlcontra against, opposite, facingcontraho collect, assemble, accomplishcontrarius opposite, contrary, opposedcontundo beat, crush, poundconubium marriageconvallis valley, ravineconvecto carry together, heap togetherconvello tear away, pull off, wrest, rendconvenio gather, assembleconverto turn round reverse; change, alterconvexum hollow, cavity, recessconvivium feast, banquetconvolvo roll together, roll around, fasten togethercoorior stand up, arise, appearcopia plenty, supply, pl. troopscor heartcoram in the presence of, openlycorneus of horncornu horn, antler; trumpetcorona garlandcorpus bodycorripio seize, snatch, grasp; attackcorrumpo destroy, ruin, lay waste; corruptcorruo fall down, tumble, sinkcorusco vibrate, tremble, shake, brandishcoruscus flashing, gleaming, glitteringcosta ribcothurnus hunting boot, buskincrastinus tomorrow’scrater mixing bowlcreber frequent, thick, closecredo believe, trust, confide increpito rattle, creak, rustlecrepitus rattling, creakingcresco grow, increase, riseCresius CretanCretes Cretans, people of CreteCreusa Aeneas’s wifecrinis haircrispo swing, brandishcristatus crested, tufted, plumedcroceus yellow, golden, saffron-coloredcrudelis cruel, unfeeling, hardcruentus spotted with blood, bloody, stainedcruor blood, bloodshed, gorecubile couch, bed, marriage-bedcubitum elbowculmen top summit, roof, gableculpa fault, error, blame, guilt, failurecum prep. with, conjunction when, since, althoughCumae town on the coast of CampaniaCumaeus of Cumaecumulo heap, accumulate, pile, overload

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cumulus heap, pile, mass, surpluscunctor delay, linger, hesitatecunctus all, entire, all togethercuneus a wedgecupido desire, wish longing; as a person-Venus’s soncupio long for, desire, wishcur why?cura anxiety, distress, care, concerncuro care for, take pains with, attend tocurro run, hastencurrus chariot, car, wagoncursus running course, a run, journeycurvus crooked, curved, bentcuspis point, spear, javelin, lancecustos guard, overseer, protectorCyclopius of the Cyclopscycnus swanCyllenius Mercury; mountain in Arcadia, his birthplaceCymothoe a sea nymphCynthus mountain in Delos, the birthplace of Diana and ApolloCythereus of Cythera (island in the Aegean near Venus’s birthplace)Daedalus famous artisan, father of Icarusdamno condemn, convict, blameDanaus of Danaus (famous Greek king) pl. the Greeksdaps feast, banquetDardanides descendants of Dardanus, i.e. TrojansDardanius Trojan, of DardanusDardanus of Dardanus, TrojanDaunus early king of Apuliade from, away from, down from; concerning, according todea goddessdebello subdue, quell, vanquishdebeo owe, be in debt; oughtdecedo go away, withdraw, departdecerpo pluck off, tear away, breakdecet it is fitting, it is properdecipio catch, ensnare, entrap; deceivedeclino bend aside, tear away; deflectdecurro run down, hastendecus grace, glory, honordeduco lead away, escort, turn aside, drive offdefendo defend, protectdefensor protector, defenderdefero bear, carry; reportdefessus tired, weary, exhausteddeficio revolt, desert; faildefigo fasten, fix, plantdefluo glide down, fall, descenddeformo disfigure, spoil, mardefungor discharge, perform, finishdegener degenerate, unworthydehinc henceforth, hereafter, next, thendehisco part, divide, split opendeicio throw down, cut down, destroydeinde then, next, thenceDeiopea a nymphDeiphobus son of Priamdeligo choose, select, designateDelius of Delos; of ApolloDelos island in the Aegean, birthplace of Apollo

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delubrum temple, shrine, sanctuarydemens insane, demented, mad, raving, foolishdemitto let down, drop, let fall, sheddemo take away, take off, subtractdemum at length, at last, finallydeni ten each, ten at a timedenique and thereafter, at last, at length, finallydens toothdensus thick, close, dense, compactdepascor to eat up, feed ondeprecor avert by prayer, deprecate, seek to avoidderipio tear off, tear away, pull downdesaevio rage, rave furiouslydescendo go down, climb down, descenddescensus way down, descentdescribo transcribe, write down; describedesero leave, forsake, abandon, desertdeserta waste lands, wildernessdesertus deserted, solitary, lonelydesilio jump down, leap down, dismountdesino stop, desist, ceasedesisto cease, desist fromdespecto despise, look down ondespicio despise, look down on, disparagedestruo tear down, raze, demolishdesuetus disused, unfamiliar, obsoletedesum be away, be absent, fail, be missingdesuper from above, from overheaddetineo hold back, hold off, keep back, detain, checkdetorqueo bend aside, turn off, twistdetrudo thrust away, push down, dislodge, dispossessdeus god, deitydevenio come, arrive, reachdevolo fly downdexter right, to the right; skillfulDiana sister of Apollo; goddess of the moon and huntdicio dominion, sovereignty, sway, authority controldico dicere - say, speak, sing, describe, namedico dicare - dedicate, consecrate, devoteDictaeus of Dicte, a mountain in Cretedictum assertion, remark, sayingDido queen of Carthagedies daydifficilis difficult, hard, troublesomediffugio fly apart, disperse, scatterdiffundo pour out, pour forth; spreaddignor deem worthy, honor, deigndignus worthy, deserving, suitable, fitting, properdigredior go apart, separate, part, go away, departdilabor go to pieces, melt away, dissolve, scatter, dispersediligo value, esteem, prize, love; approvedimoveo part, separate, dividedirigo directdiripio tear apart, ravage, spoil, plunder, pillagedirus ominous, fearful, awful, dreadful, horribleDis Pluto, god of the underworlddiscerno separate, divide; distinguish, discerndiscessus departure, farewell, removaldiscolor of another color, not of the same color; of different colorsdiscrepo differ in sound, be different, vary

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discrimen interval, distance, distinction, difference; decisive moment, crisisdisicio drive asunder, scatter, route; ruin, destroydisiungo sever, divide, separate, estrangedispello scatter, dispersedissimulo disguise; dissemble, hide, conceal, pretenddissulto fly in pieces, break apartdistendo swell, stretch out, extenddiu for a long time, all day, continuallydiva goddessdivello tear apart, separate violently, tear, wrestdiversus contrary, opposite, diverse, differentdives rich, wealthy, opulentdivido divide, force asunder, part, distributedivinus divinedivus of a deity, godlike, divinedo give, appoint; grant, bestow; emit, utterdoceo teach, instruct, informdoleo grieve, suffer, be in pain, lamentDolopes a people of Thessalydolor pain, suffering, anguish, distress, grief, troubledolus trickery, artifice; guile, deceit, deceptiondominor have dominion, domineer, ruledominus lord, master, ruler, ownerdomo domesticate, tame, break, subdue, conquerdomus house, home, dwelling, buildingdonec while, as long as; until, at lengthdonum gift, presentDoricus Doric; Greciandorsum back; cliffdotalis of a dowry, dotaldraco serpent, large serpent, dragonDryopes people in Epirusdubius doubtful, uncertain, waveringduco lead, lead away, guide, conduct, prolong; chooseductor leader, commander, generaldulcis sweet, agreeable, delightful, agreeabledum while; with subjunctive=untilduo twoduplex twofold, doubleduplicatus doubledduro harden, solidify; wait, persevere, hold outdurus hard, harsh, vigorous; pitiless, unyieldingdux leader, guide, generale, ex out of, from; of; since; according toeburnus of ivoryecce behold! look!edax greedy, voracious, devouringedo eat, consumeeduco draw out, take away; bring up, reareffero carry out, take away; bear, produceefferus very wild, fierce, savageefficio bring about, effect, cause, produceeffingo wipe clean; form, fashion, mouldeffodio dig out, mine, excavateeffor utter, tell, speak outeffugio get away, escape; flee fromeffundo pour out, pour forth; abandonegenus needy, necessitous, destituteegeo be needy, want, lack, have needego I

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egredior to out, come forth, go away; disembark, landegregius distinguished, excellent, eminentei oh! alas!eicio eject, expel; banish, drive awayelabor slip away, glide off, escapeelephantus ivory; an elephantElissa another name for Didoemico spring out, break forth, leap upeminus aloof, at a distanceemitto send out; hurl, cast dischargeemo buy, purchase, procureemoveo move out, move away, expelen lo! behold! see!Enceladus a giantenim for, namely, that is to sayeniteo shine forth, gleameno swim out,; flyensis swordenumero count out; recite, recount, describeeo go, walk, ride, sail, moveEous of dawn, eastern, orientalEpeos one of the Greek fighters at Troyepulae banquet, feast; sumptuous foodsepulor dine, feast, banqueteques horseman, riderequidem indeed, trulyequus horseErebus god of darkness; the underworldergo therefore, consequently, accordinglyeripio tear out, wrest, pluck tear; rescue deliver, freeerro wander, stray, roam; be in errorerror wandering, winding, meandering, mazeerubesco grow red, blush, feel ashamederuo throw out, take; destroy completelyet and, alsoetiam also, too, even; stillEtrusci the EtruscansEuboicus of Euboea (an island in the western Aegean)Europa EuropeEurotas a river in LaconiaEurus southeast or east windEurytides son of Eurytusevado get away, escape; disembarkEvander leader of the Arcadians; Pallas’s fatherevanesco vanish, pass away, disappeareveho carry out, proceed, advanceevenio come out; happen, resulteventus outcome, result end, consequenceeverto overturn, turn upside down; overthrow, destroyevinco overcome, conquer, subdueevoco call outex out of, fromexanimus lifeless, deadexaudio hear clearly, distinguishexcedo leave, depart, go outexcidium overthrow, demolition, ruin, destructionexcido excidere, excididi - cut out, hew outexcido excidere, excidi – fall out, slip outexcio call out, summon, rouse, awakenexcipio take out, withdraw; take up, catch, receive

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exclamo call out, cry aloud, exclaimexcubiae watching, keeping watch, watchmenexcudo strike out, hammer out; prepare, makeexcutio shake out, shake off; discard, removeexeo go out, depart, withdraw; escapeexerceo employ, busy; occupyexhalo breath out, exhaleexhaurio exhaust, empty; take awayexigo drive out expel; determine, ascertainexiguus small, little, scantyeximo take away, remove; free, release, deliverexin then, after that, nextexitialis destructive, fatal, deadlyexitium destruction, ruinexitus departure; death; conclusionexordium beginning; introductionexorior come out, rise, appear; beginexosus hating, detestingexpedio extricate; explain, make clear; arrangeexpendo weigh out, weigh; reckon, account; estimate, considerexperior try, prove, test, endure; know by experienceexpiro breathe outexpleo fill up, fill, stuff; pass over, go through; satisfy, appeaseexploro search out, investigate, exploreexposco beg, request, entreat, imploreexpromo express, state; exhibit, show, displayexquiro seek out; imploreexsanguis bloodless, lifeless; pale, wanexscindo extirpate, annihilate, destroyexsequor follow; fulfill; relate, describeexsertus bare, uncovered; projectingexsilium exile, banishmentexsolvo deliver, free, set free, liberateexspecto look out for, await, expectexstinguo put out, quench, extinguish; abolish, destroy annihilateexstruo pile, heap up; build upexsulto leap up, jump up; boast, indulgeexsupero mount up, tower; pass over; excelexta guts, internal organsextemplo immediately, without delayextendo spread, extend; lengthen; continueexternus external; foreign, strangeexterritus terrified, dismayed; made wildexterus outside, outerextremus outermost, utmost, farthest; remotest; tipexuo take off, pull off; put away, lay asideexuviae spoils; relics; skinfabricator builder, contriverfabrico build, make, construct, erectfacesso perform, execute, accomplishfacies appearance, form, shapefacilis easyfacio make, do, produce, buildfactum deed, act, achievementfallo trip, fall;err, mistake, deceive oneselffalsus deceptive, false, spurious, delusivefama report, rumor, saying, talk, traditionFama personification of abovefames hungerfamula female slave, maid-servant

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far type of grain; sacrificial mealfas divine law; with est=it is lawful, it is permittedfastigium top, summit; roof, battlementfatalis fatal, decreed, ordained, destinedfateor confess, grant, acknowledgefatigo tire, weary, fatigue, vex, harassfatisco fall apart, tumble to peacesfatum prediction; fatefaux throat; entrancefax torch, flamefelix happy, fortunate; auspiciousfemina woman, femalefemineus womanly, femininefemur thighfenestra window, openingfera wild beast, wild animalferina venison, game; wild animal fleshferio strike, beat; killfero bring, carry, bear, wear; report; offerferox wild, bold, warlikeferrum iron; iron tool; swordferus wild, untamed, uncultivatedferveo glow, steam; burn, rage, ravefervidus glowing, fiery, hot, vehementfessus tired, fatigued, wearyfestino hurry, hastenfestus festive, joyful, merryfetus filled with, pregnantfetus fetus, m. young, offspring; fruit, growthfibula clasp, buckle, fastening, broochfictus feigned, fictitious, falsefides faith, loyalty, belief, reliance; trustworthinessfiducia trust, confidencefidus loyal, faithful, crediblefigo fix, fasten; piercefilius sonfilum thread, stringfingo arrange, touch; suppose, think, conceivefinis end, boundary, limit; pl. territoryfio passive of facio – become, be madefirmus strong, steadfast, enduringfissilis cleft, easily split, fissileflamen priest; also wind, galeflamma flame, blaze; flame of passion;flammo kindle, inflame, blaze, burnflatus blowing, breath, snortingflavus golden, yellow, reddish yellow, flaxen-coloredflecto turn, bend, bow; avert; avoidfleo weep, cry, lament, wailfletus weeping, wailing, lamentingfloreo bloom, blossom, flower; flourishfloreus floweryflos flower, blossomfluctus wave, tide, billow, surgefluentum stream, floodflumen stream, riverfluo flow, pour, throngfodio dig, dig up; stabfoedo make foul, defile, pollutefoedus foederis, n. alliance, compact; marriage contract

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foedus foul, filthy, repulsive; disgracefulfolium leaffomes kindling-wood, tinderfons fountain, spring, sourcefor speak, say; prophesyforis door, entranceforma form, shape; beautyformica antfors chance, luck, fortuneforsan perhapsforsitan perhaps, it may be thatfortis brave, strong, courageousfortuna fortune, chance, luckfortunatus lucky, happy, fortunatefoveo cherish, fondle, caressfragor crashing, crash, noise; thunderclapfragrans fragrant, sweet-smellingfrango break, shatter, fracture; crush, disheartenfrater brotherfraternus brotherly, fraternalfraudo cheat, defraud, robfraus cheating, deceit, fraudfraxineus ashen, of ash woodfremo roar, resound, howl; applaud; grumble because offreno curb, bridle, restrain, checkfrenum bridle, curb, bit; restraintfrequens regular, constant, repeated; with a throngfretus leaning, supported, relyingfrigidus cold, cool, chillingfrigus coldness, cold, chilliness; cold shudderfrondens in leaf, becoming green, leafyfrondesco put forth leaves; shootfrondeus covered with leaves, leafyfrons frontis, f., front, facade; forehead; expressionfrons frondis, f., leafy branch, foliage, boughfrumentum grain, harvested grainfrustra in vain, for nothingfrustum piece, bitfrux fruit, producefucus dronefuga flight, rapid motionfugio flee, run away, escapefugo cause to flee, put to flightfulcio prop up, supportfulgeo flash, glitter, gleam, shinefulmen lightning flash; thunderboltfulvus deep yellow, reddish yellow, tawnyfundamentum foundationfundo fundere – pour, pour out, shed; spreadfundo fundare – found, begin; fix, confirmfungor be engaged, perform, dischargefunis rope, cordfunus funeral procession, funeral rites, burial; death, murderfuriae the three goddesses of vengeance, the furiesfuribundus raging, mad furiousfuro rage, rave, be out of one’s mindfuror raving, rage, madness, fury, passionfurtim stealthily, secretly, furtivelyfurtivus stolen, secret, hidden, concealed, furtivefurtum theft, robbery; secret action, crafty deceit

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Gaetulus of the Gaetuli, a N. African tribegalea helmetGallus of Gaul, GallicGanymes Ganymede, Trojan prince, made Jupiter’s cupbearerGaramantis of the Garamantes, a N. African tribegaudeo rejoice, be gladgaudium joy, delightgaza treasuregelidus icy cold, icy, frostygeminus twingemitus groan, sighing, complaintgemo groan, sigh, lament; bewailgena cheekgenetrix mothergenitor fathergens race, clan; descendant, offspringgenu kneegenus race, stock, family; birth, noble birth; descendantgermana sistergermanus brothergero bear, carry, wagegesto bear, carry, wear, wieldgigno give birth to, produce, bear, bring forthglacies iceGlaucus Lycian ally of the Trojansglomero collect; gathergloria glory, fame, honor, praiseGnosius of Gnosus, a city in Cretegradior step, walk to, advancegradus step, pace, gait, walk; pl. stepsGraius Greekgramen grass; plant, herbgrandaevus aged, oldgrandis full-grown, grown up, oldgrando hail, hailstormgrates thanks, thanksgivinggratus dear, acceptable, pleasing, agreeablegravidus filled, full, swollengravis heavy, weighty, burdenedgremium lap, bosomgressus step, course, waygrex flock, herd, drove, swarmGryneus of Grynia, site of a temple of Apollogurges whirlpool, gulfgusto taste, enjoyGyas friend of Aeneashabena reinhabeo have, hold, support, carry; consider, regardhabilis manageable, suitable, fit, properhabitus appearance, presence; dress, attirehactenus thus far, to this place, so far; till nowhaereo cling, stick, be fastened; linger, pauseHalaesus Halaesus, (Italian warrior, enemy of the Trojans)halitus breath, exhalationhalo breathe, emit vapor, be fragrantHammon Libyan god identified with Jupiterharena sand; shore, beachharenosus sandy, full of sandHarpalyce Thracian princess, famous huntress and warriorharundo reed; arrow

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hasta spear, lance, javelinhastile spear-shaft, javelin-shafthaud not, not at all, by no meanshaurio drain, shed; pluck out, swallow, devour, consumeHebrus a river in ThraceHecate goddess of the underworldHector Troy’s champion, son of HectorHectoreus of HectorHecuba Priam’s wifeherba grass, turfheres heir, successorheros hero, demigodHesperia Western Land, ItalyHesperius western, Hesperian; Italianheu alas !heus hey! ho!hibernus wintry, of winterhic adv. herehic, haec, hoc this, the latterhiems winter, winter timehinc from this place, hence; on either sidehomo person, human being, manhonor honor, repute, esteem, distinctionhonos same as honorhora hourhorrendus dreadful, terrible, fearfulhorrens bristly, shaggy, roughhorreo stand on end, bristle; tremble, dreadhorresco rise on end, stand erect; shudder, tremblehorridus terrible, wild, savagehorror shaking, trembling, shudder; dread, terror, horrorhortor urge, press, incite, encourage, exhorthospes host, guest, visitor, friendhospitium hospitality, friendshiphospitus hospitable; strange, foreignhostia victim, sacrifice, sacrificial animalhostilis enemy’s, hostilehostis enemy, foe, strangerhuc to this place, hither; to this point, so farhumilis lowly, humble, needy, poorhumo bury, interhumus earth, ground, soilhymenaeus wedding, marriage ceremonyHyrcanus people near the Caspian Seaiaceo lie, be prostrate, lie at restiacio throw, hurl, scatteriacto throw out; consider, discuss; pronounce, utter, speakiaculor throw, hurliam now, at this time, already; with a neg., longer, moreiamdudum long since, long before, for some time nowianua door, entranceIarbas king of the Gaetuliiaspis jasper (green precious stone)ibi there, in that place; thereuponibidem in the same placeIcarus Daedalus’ son (flew too high)ico strike, hit, stab, stingictus blow, stab, cut, woundIda mt. near Troy; also mt. in Creteidem the same

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ideo therefore, for that reasonignarus ignorant, inexperienced, unawareignavus lazy, slothful, idle, sluggishigneus fiery, on fire, burning-hotignis fireignobilis unknown, undistinguished; of low birth, ignobleignotus unknown, strange, unrecognized; unfamiliarilex oak, holm-oakIlia another name for Rhea Silvia, mother of Romulus and RemusIliacus of Ilium, TrojanIlias a Trojan womanilicet at once, immediatelyIlioneus spokesman for the TrojansIlium TroyIlius of Ilium, Trojanille that; he, she, itillic there, in that placeillinc from that place, thenceilluc to that place, thitherIllyricus of Illyria, region east of the AdriaticIlus Ascanius’ previous name; also an early king of Troyimago image; ghost, vision; reminderImaon an Italian friend of Halaestusimbellis unwarlike, unfit for warimber rain; the sea, waterimmanis huge; monstrous, frightfulimmemor unmindful, heedlessimmensus immeasurable, boundless, hugeimmergo dip, immerse, submergeimmineo overhang, commandimmitis rough, harsh, severeimmitto send in, admit; let go, looseimmolo sprinkle with sacrificial mealimmotus motionless; unmoved, steadfast, firmimpar uneven, unequal; overmatchedimpello strike against, strike, push; set in motionimperditus not destroyed, not slainimperium command, order; supreme power, sovereigntyimpius irreverent, wicked, impiousimplacabilis implacable, irreconcilableimpleo fill, sate, satisfyimplico entangle, entwine, embrace, graspimpono place upon, put onimprimo press upon, press against; emboss, engraveimprobus wicked, shameless, badimprovidus off guard; reckless, carelessimpune without punishment, with impunityimus lowest, deepest, lastin acc. into, to; against; abl. in, on, uponinanis useless, empty, meaninglessincautus incautious, inconsiderate, heedlessincedo advance, march, proceedincendo set fire to, burn; rouse, inciteincertus unsettled, doubtful, uncertainincessus walking, pace, gait; stepincesto pollute, defileincido incidere, incisus – cut into, cut throughincido incidere – fall, sink, strikeincipio beginincludo shut up, confine, enclose

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inclutus famous, renownedincognitus unknown, untracedincubo lie upon, rest on; brood over, watch jealously overincultum wasteland, wildernessincumbo lean press; bend to; oppressincuso accuse, blameincutio strike into, inflict; produceindago surrounding, encirclinginde from there, thence; thereafterindebitus not owed, not dueindigena native, indigenousIndiges deified hero, patron deityindignor deem unworthy, despise, resentindignus unworthy, undeserving; shamefulindulgeo concede, grant, allowinduo put on assume; clothe, dress; pierceinermis unarmed, defenselessiners helpless, weak, unarmedinexpertus without experience, untestedinextricabilis inextricable, not to be unraveledinfabricatus unshaped, rough, unwroughtinfandus unspeakable, abominableinfectus not one, unaccomplishedinfelix unfortunate, unlucky, miserable; barreninfensus hostile, inimicalinferior lower, further down; inferiorinfernus lower, under; undergroundinfero bring to, carry in, wage; advance (refl.)infestus made unsafe, disturbed; hostile, dangerousinfigo fasten, implant, affix; nail toinflammo set on fire, kindle; inflame, exciteinflecto bend, bow, curb; change, affect, alterinfrenus unbridledinfundo pour in, pour upon; pour out, throwingemino redouble, repeat, reiterateingemo groan over, sigh at, lament, bewailingens huge, vast, enormous; extraordinaryingredior advance, go forward; undertakeinhio gape, gaze, gaze atinhospitus inhospitableinhumatus unburiedinimicus hostile, unfriendly, hateful; damaginginiquus uneven; unequal; hurtfuliniuria injustice, wrong; harsh treatmentinlabor glide in; flow in, penetrateinlido dash against, push againstinnecto twist, entangle, weave; bind; contriveinno swim in, float upon; sail, navigateinnuptus unmarried; a virgininopinus unexpectedinops helpless, weakinquit says, saidinreparabilis irreparable, irretrievableinrito incite, excite, provokeinrumpo break in, burst intoinruo rush in, invadeinsania madness, follyinsanus insane, mad; outrageous, excessiveinscribo inscribe; markinsequor follow after, come next; proceed, go on

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insidiae snare, trap; artificeinsignis distinguished, remarkable, prominentinsinuo creep in; penetrate, enterinsomnium dreaminsono resound; crackinspicio look into, inspect; examineinspiro blow upon, inspire; instillinstar image, likeness, in the form ofinstauro establish, ordain; renew; celebrate; refreshinstituo put in place, fix, set; establishinsto stand upon, take a position; press, pursueinstruo draw up, array; prepare, equipinsuetus unaccustomed, unusedinsula islandinsum be in, be uponinsuper above, on top, overheadinsuperabilis insurmountable, invincibleinsurgo rise up, pull (with oars)intactus untouched, undefiledintendo stretch out, extend; increaseintento aim, direct, wieldintentus attentive, intent, waiting, eagerinter between, amonginterea meanwhileinterfor interruptinterfundo flow between; pour betweeninterimo take away; destroy, slay, killinterior inner, interior, middleinterpres interpreter, explainer; mediatorinterrumpo break off, interrupt, break offintexo weave in, interweaveintimus innermost, deepest, intimateintono thunder; resound, rattle; cry outintorqueo twist, wind about, wrenchintra within, duringintractabilis unmanageable, intractableintro go into, enter; penetrateintus inside, within, closerinultus unavengedinutilis useless, inexpedientinvado enter; assault, attack, invadeinvalidus infirm, impotent, weakinveho carry in; ride into; drive overinvenio find, meet with; discoverinvictus unconquered, unsubdued; inexorableinvideo look askance at, envy; hinder, preventinvidia envy, grudge, jealousyinviso look after, visitinvisus hated, hateful, detestedinvitus unwilling, reluctantinvius impassable, insuperable; inaccessibleinvolvo roll; cover, overwhelm; wrap, enfold, envelopIovis Jove, Jupiteripse himself, herself, itselfira anger, fury, hateIris goddess of rainbow, also a messengeris, ea, id he, she itiste that (of yours) – often contemptuousita thus, as follows, in that wayItalia Italy

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Italus of Italy, Italianiter journey, passage, march, route, courseiterum again, a second time, once moreiuba mane; crestiubar radiance, light, splendoriubeo order, tell, commandiudicium judgment, sentenceiugalis yoked together; matrimonial; as noun - a teamiugo marry, bindiugum yoke, collar; summit, ridge; bondsIulius name of a Roman clanIulus another name for Ascaniusiungo join, unite, connectIuno goddess of marriage; wife of JupiterIuppiter Jupiter, king of the godsiuro swear, take an oath; swearius right, justice, dutyiussus order, command, decreeiustus just, righteous; fairIuturna sister of Turnusiuvenalis youthful, juvenileiuvencus young bullockiuvenis young, youthful; as a noun – young personiuventa youthiuventus youth; the young, young peopleiuvo help, aid, assist, serve; delightiuxta near to, next to; in like mannerKarthago Carthage, an ancient city in N. Africalabefacio shake, loosenlabo totter, waver, shakelabor laboris – labor, toil, exertion; suffering, hardshiplabor labi – slip, glide, slide, move; sink, falllacrima tearlacrimo shed tears, weeplacus opening, lakelaedo injure, hurt, wound, damage; insultlaena mantle, shawl, cloaklaetitia joy, happinesslaetus joyous, happy, delighted; pleasant, gratefullaevus left; unfavorablelambo lick, touchlamentabilis mournful, lamentablelamentum wailing, moaning, weeping, lamentationlampas light, torch, lamplanguidus languid, dull, sluggish; faint, feebleLaocoon Trojan priest of Apollolapis stonelargior give bountifully, bestow, impartlargus abundant, copious, plentiful; floodlassus faint, weary, tiredlatebra hiding-place, retreatlateo lie hid, be concealed; keep out of sight, escape noticeLatini the people of LatiumLatinus king of Latium, father of LaviniaLatium district in Italy south of the TiberLatona mother of Diana and Apollolatus adj. broad, wide, extensivelatus noun. side, flanklaudo praise, honor, extolLaurens of Laurentum, a town in Latium

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laurus a bay tree, laurel treelaus praise, commendation, glory, fameLausus son of Mezentius (Turnus’ Etruscan ally)Lavinia daughter of LatinusLavinium town in LatiumLavinius of Laviniumlaxo extend; open, loose, release; relieve, freelaxus loose, open roomy; yieldinglegifer law-givinglego gather, collect, choose, pick; surveyLenaeus of Bacchus, god of winelenio soften, mollify, soothe; appease, pacifylenis soft, smooth, mild, gentlelentus pliant, flexible; slow, lingering, lazyleo lionletalis deadly, fatal, mortalletum death, annihilationlevis light, swift, quick; smoothlevo lift, raise, elevatelex law, precept, regulation, principlelibo taste, sip; pour out, offer as a libationlibro poise, balance; brandishLiburni people of N. IllyriaLibya region of N. AfricaLibycus of Libyalicet it is permitted, it is allowedlignum wood, firewood, timberligo tie, bindlilium lilylimbus border, hem, edge, fringelimen threshold, door; house, dwellinglimes path, passage, road; boundary, limitlingua tongue, languagelinquo go away, leave, depart from, abandonliquidus fluid, liquid; clear, bright, transparentlito make an acceptable sacrificelitus seashore, beachlituus crooked staff; trumpet, cornetloco place, put, lay; establishlocus place, spot; positionlongaevus aged, ancientlonge far, far off; for a long periodlongus long, extendedloquor speak, talk, say, tell; declarelorica coat of mail, leather cuirasslorum leather thong; pl. reinslubricus slippery, slimyLucifer morning starluctor wrestle; struggle, contendluctor wrestle, struggle, strive, contendluctus sorrow, mourning, grieflucus sacred groveludibrium plaything, sportludo play; mocklumen light; pl. eyesluna moonlunatus half-moon shaped, crescent-shapedluo loose, wash away; atone for, expiatelupa she-wolflustro review, observe, examine; illuminate

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lustrum period of five years; wood, forest wildernesslux light, brightness; pl. heavenly bodiesluxus excess, indulgence, luxury; splendor, magnificenceLyaeus Greek name for BacchusLycia region in SW Asia MinorLycius of LyciaLycus friend of AeneasLydius of Lydialympha water, clear water, spring waterlynx lynxMachaon one of the Greek fighters at Troymachina machine, engine; devicemacto honor, glorify, extol; kill, slaughter; offer, sacrificemacula spot, mark, stain; blotmaculosus spotted, speckledmadeo be wet, drip, flowMaeonius of Maeonia, a province of Lydia; Lydianmaereo mourn, grieve, lamentmaeror mourning, sadness, griefmaestus sorrowful, dejected, despondentmagalia hutsmage moremagis moremagister master; pilot; captainmagistratus magistrate, public officialmagnanimus great, high-mindedmagnus large, great, huge, mighty; importantMaia Mercury’s mother, daughter of Atlasmaiestas greatness, majestymalo prefer, rathermalus evil, wicked bad; hostilemamma breastmandatum order, command, chargemando entrust, deliver; order, commandmaneo remain, staymanes departed spirit, ghost, shademanifestus clear, plain, apparentmanus hand; band troop; handiworkMarcellus 1. Roman war hero 2. Son of Octaviamare seamaritus husband, married manmarmor marblemarmoreus of marble, marbleMarpesius of Marpesia, a mt. in ParosMars god of warMassyli the Massylians, a people of N. Africamater mother; native landmaternus maternalmaturo hasten, hurryMaurusius of the Mauri, a people of N. AfricaMavors MarsMavortius of Mars; warlikemeatus motion, movementmeditor consider, meditate, contemplatemedius the middle of, middlemedulla marrowmel honeymembrum limb, member; pl. bodiesmemini remember, recollectMemnon king of Ethiopians, son of Tithonus and Aurora

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memor mindful, rememberingmemorabilis memorable, remarkablememoro mention, recount, speak of, tellMenelaus king of Sparta, Helen’s husbandmens mind, intellect; memory; feeling; heartmensa table; mealmensis monthmentior lie, cheat, deceive, pretend; lie aboutmentum chinmercor trade, purchase, buyMercurius messenger of the gods; son of Jupiter and Maiamereo deserve, merit, be entitled tomereor deserve, merit, be entitled tomeritum merit, service, kindness, benefitmeritus deserving, propermeta end, boundary, limit; goal, turning postmetallum metalmetuo fear, be afraidmetus fear, dread, apprehensionmeus my, minemico gleam, glitter, flash; shake tremblemigro depart, remove, migrate, go awaymiles soldiermilia thousandsmille one thousandminae threats; pinnaclesMinerva Roman name for Athena, goddess of household craftsministro attend, serve; provide, furnishMinoius of Minos (king of Crete)minor project; threaten, menaceMinotaurus the Minotaur, half man half bullminus lessmirabilis wonderful, marvelous, amazingmiror wonder, marvel at, be astonishedmirus wonderful, marvelous, astonishingmisceo mix, mingle, intermingleMisenus friend of Aeneas, a trumpetermiser wretched, miserable, poor, sadmiserabilis miserable, pitiablemisereor fell pity, have compassionmiseror lament, commiserate; pitymissilis that may be thrown; as noun – javelin, dartsmitesco grow mild, be tamed, be civilizedmitra headbandmitto send, let go; throw; dismissMnestheus friend of Aeneasmobilitas activity, mobilitymodo merely, only; just now, latelymodus measure; way, manner; methodmoenia walls, ramparts; walled citymoles mass, weight; greatness; difficulty, labor, troublemolior exert, strive toil; build; rousemollio soften, soothe; tame, restrainmollis yielding, soft, tender, gentlemoneo advise, warn, admonishmonimentum same as monumentummonitus warning, reminding, admonitionmons mountain, hill; mass, heapmonstro point out, exhibit, indicate, inform; urge, advisemonstrum divine omen, portent; monster, a horrible sight

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monumentum monument, memorial; token, remembrancemora delay, procrastination; obstruction, hindrancemoribundus dying, at the point of deathmorior die, expire; decay, withermoror delay, stay, remain, lingermors deathmorsus bite, bitingmortalis mortal, transientmos practice, custom, habit; institutionmotus movement, motion; movedmoveo move, remove, shake; excite, arouse, agitatemox soon, afterwardsmugitus bellowing, lowing, mooingmulceo soothe, soften, caress, flattermultiplex manifold, far more; variedmultus much; many (pl.); great, high, abundantmunio fortify, build; guard, securemunus service, office; burialmuralis of a wall, muralmurex purple dye; sharp stonemurmur murmur, roar, growling, grumbling, crashmurus wall, city wallMusa a muse, one of the nine Musesmuto change, transform; exchangeMycenae city of Argolis, where Agamemnon ruledMyrmidones Myrmidons, people of Thessalynam fornamque fornarro tell relate, make known; describe, mentionnascor be born, begin life; proceednata daughternato swim, floatnatus born, made, destined, intended; a sonnauta sailor, marinernavigo sailnavis shipne not; do not; -ne – whether, ornebula mist, vapor, fog, smokenec and not, also not; neither...nornecdum nor yet, and not yetnectar nectar, drink of the gods; honeynecto bind, tie, fasten; joinnefandus unspeakable, heinous, abominablenefas sin, crime, wickednessnego deny, say...not, refusenemus wood, grove, forestNeoptolemus Pyrrhus, son of Achillesnepos grandson, descendantNeptunus Neptune, god of the seaneque same as nec, and not, also not; neither...nornequiquam in vain, without reasonnescio not know, be ignorantnescius ignorant, unawareneu and not, and that not, lestnexus death, murder, slaughterni if not, unless, that notniger black, darknigrans black, darknihil nothingnimbus rain storm, black cloud; cloud

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nimium too much, too; greatlyniteo shine, glitternitidus shining, glittering, brightnitor lean, support oneself; strive; relyniveus snowynix snow; white hairno swim, float; fly, sailnocturnus nocturnal, by nightnodo tie in a knotnodus knot; impedimentNomas Numidiannomen name; titlenon not, by no meansnondum not yetnos we, usnosco know, learnnoster our; oursnotus known, famous, customaryNotus south wind; the windsnovem ninenovo make new, renew, renovatenovus new, young, fresh; novelnox night; deathnoxa hurt, harm, injurynubes cloud, mist, vapornubila cloudsnudo lay bare, expose, uncovernudus naked, bare, unclothed; destitutenullus no, none; worthless; no onenum interrogative particle expecting a no answernumen divinity, divine, power; a god or goddessnumerus number, quantityNumidae Numidians, a people of N. Africanumquam nevernunc nownuntia female messengernuntio announce, declare, reportnuntius messenger, reporter; message, report, commandnurus daughter-in-lawnusquam nowhere, in no placenutrimentum fuel, nourishmentnutrix nurse, wet-nursenympha nympho O! oh!ob on account of, because ofobeo go, go to meet; travel; engage in; surroundobicio offer, presentobiecto oppose; expose, endangerobiectus opposition; opposingobitus setting; downfall, ruin, deathobliviscor forgetobmutesco be silent; become silentobnitor struggle with, strain againstoborior arise, appear, spring upobruo overwhelm; sink, submergeobscurus dark, shady, obscure; unknownobservo watch, note; guard, observeobsido beset, besiegeobstipesco become senseless, be struck dumbobsto oppose, stand in the way

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obstruo build up, block; stop, hinder, impedeobtestor call as a witness, appeal to, imploreobtutus gaze, contemplationobverto turn towards, faceobvius in the way, meeting; against, oppositeoccasus downfall, destruction; falling, settingoccido fall, perish; end, dieocculo cover, concealocculto hide, concealoccumbo dieoceanus great sea, the oceanocior swifteroculus eyeodi hate, dislikeodium hatred, ill-willodor smell, scent, odorodorus scented, fragrantoffero present, offer, showOileus father of Ajaxoleo smell, emit a smellolim once, formerly; one dayolle same as illeOlympus Mt. Olympus, home of the godsomen omen, sign, portentomnino completely, entirelyomnipotens almighty, omnipotentomnis all, every, wholeonero load, burden, fill, weigh downonus load, burdenonustus loaded, burdened, ladenopaco make shady, shade, provide shadeopacus shady, shaded; pl. shady placesoperio cover, cover overopertum secret placeopimus rich, abundant; spolia opima-arms won by a general from a generalopperior wait, wait for, attendoppeto encounter; dieoppono oppose; exposeoppositus opposed, oppositeopprimo press down, crushops aid, help, assistance; means, wealth, resourcesopto choose, preferopulentus wealthy, opulentopus work, labor toil; structure artistic workora shore, coast; border, edge, rimorbis circle; world; shieldOrcus god of the underworld; the underworldordior begin, commenceordo row, line, series; line, rank; troop, companyOreas a mountain nymphorgia orgies, night festival of BacchusOriens dawn; east, the orientorigo beginning, start, birthOrion a constellationorior rise, appear; be born, originate; rise, come forthornus wild ash treeoro beg, plead; pray, beseech; speakOrontes friend of AeneasOrpheus famous mythological bard

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ortus rising; sunriseos mouth; face, expressionosculum kissostendo show, point out, displayostento exhibit, show; hold upostium door; mouth, entranceostrum purpleotium leisure, free time; rest, repose, quietovo exult, rejoice, triumphpabulum food, food for cattle, fodderpaciscor agree, stipulate; bindPallas Greek goddess AthenaPallas ally of Aeneas, son of Evanderpalleo to grow pale, pale, blanchpallidus pale, colorlesspalma palm, flat hand; palm tree, palmpalus swamp, marshpando spread out, extend; open, lay openPaphos city in Cypruspar equal, even; well-balancedParcae the Fatesparco spare, use moderately; abstain, refrainparens parentpareo appear, be visible; obey, submit, complypario give birth, produce; create, accomplishParis Helen’s abductor; son of Priamparo prepare, arrange, make readypars part, portion; sidepartior share, distribute, dividepartus birth, deliveryparum too little, insufficientlyparvulus very small, little; youngparvus small; short, briefpasco feed, nourish; grazePasiphae wife of Minos and mother of the Minotaurpassim spread, scattered, in every directionpastor shepherd, herdsmanPatavium Patavium, the modern Paduapatefacio lay open, throw open; disclosepateo be open, stand openpater father, sirepatera bowl, saucerpatesco be opened; stretch out, extendpatior bear, support, suffer, endurepatria native land, own country; homepatrius fatherly; traditionalpauci fewpaulum a little, somewhatpavidus trembling, fearful, timidpavor trembling, shaking, terrorpax peace, reconciliationpectus breast, chest, heartpecus pecudis, f., a head of cattle, beastpecus pecoris, n., cattle; drones; flockpedes foot soldierpelagus seaPelides son of Peleus, Achillespellis hide, skin, peltpello beat, strike, knock; drive outpelta light shield, half-moon shaped shield, pelt

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Penates household gods, gods of the statependeo hang, be suspended; loiterpendo suspend, weigh; ponder, considerpenetrabilis penetrable, piercingpenetralia inner rooms, inner partspenetralis inward, innerpenetro penetrate, enter; piercepenitus inwardly, deeply; thoroughlypenna feather, plume; pl. wingsPenthesilea queen of the Amazonspeplum robe, mantleper through, along; throughout, during; by means ofperago thrust through, pierce; review; accomplishperagro wander through, travel, pass throughpercutio strike through, pierce, transfix; slay, killpereo perish, pass away, be destroyedpererro wander through, roam over; surveyperfero bring home; reach the mark; carry, bring; report; bearperficio accomplish, achieve; execute, completeperfidus dishonest, treacherous, perfidiousperflo blow over, blow throughperforo bore through, pierce, perforateperfundo pour over, drench; scatter over, besprinklePergama TroyPergameus Trojanpergo proceed, go on, hastenperhibeo bring forward; say, assert; call, namepericulum danger, peril, riskperimo annihilate, destroy, preventPeriphas a Greekperlabor slip through, glide overperlego examine thoroughly, survey, perusepermisceo mix together, mix thoroughly; minglepermitto hand over, entrust, surrender; allowpernix nimble, swift; persistentperpetuus continuous, unbroken; foreverperrumpo break through, force a way throughpersentio feel deeply; perceive clearlypersolvo unravel, solve; render thanks; fulfillpersono resound, reechopertaedet it wearies, disgusts, makes sickpertempto prove thoroughly, test; try severely, overwhelmperterritus terrifiedpervenio reach, arrive; attainpes foot; sheetpestis destruction, ruin, plague; curse, banepeto seek, aim at; attack; scanphalanx phalanx, compact armed formation, battalionpharetra quiverPhoebeus of Phoebus (Apollo)Phoebus ApolloPhoenices PhoeniciansPhoenissa of Phoenicia; as noun - DidoPhoenix Greek leaderPhryges Trojans, PhrygiansPhrygius Phrygian, TrojanPhthia district of Thessalypiaculum offering, sacrifice; remedypicea pitch-pine, pinepictura painting, picture

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pietas devotion, dutiful conduct, sense of dutypiget it irks, pains, grievespineus piney, pinepingo paint, represent, depictpinguis fat, juicypinifer pine-bearingpinna feather, plumepiscosus full of fishpius devoted, dutiful, devout, conscientiousplaceo please, give pleasure; impers. it is agreedplacidus calm, gentle, quietplaco soothe, assuage, appease, reconcileplaga region; net, snareplangor striking, beatingplanta sprout, shoot; sole, sole of the footplenus full, filledpluma feather, plumeplus more, in greater numberpoena penalty, punishmentPoeni CarthaginiansPolites son of Priampolliceor promise, offerPollux half brother of Castor, son of Jupiter and Ledapolus pole; sky, heavenspondus weight, consequence, loadpone behindpono put, place; establish; lay downpontus seapoples kneepopulo lay waste, ravage; destroy, ruin, mutilatepopulus people, nationporta door, gate; avenue, entrance, outletporticus colonnade, arcade, gallery, porticoporto carry, bearportus port, harborposco ask, beg, demand, requestpossum be able, canpost after, behind; afterwardsposterus following, next; after; lastposthabeo place after, esteem lesspostis post, doorpost; doorpostquam after, whenpotens powerful, mighty; rulingpotior acquire, take possession of, have, holdpotius rather, preferable, morepraeceps headlong, in hastepraecipio obtain beforehand, anticipate; advise, admonishpraecipito throw down; rush, sink rapidly, droppraecipuus special, chief, excellent, distinguishedpraeclarus famous; bright, brilliant, excellentpraecordia breast, heartpraeda plunder, pillage, booty, spoilpraeficio put in charge, appointpraefixus tipped, pointedpraemitto send aheadpraemium reward; advantage; prizepraepes of good omen, favorable; a bird of good omen; swiftpraeruptus broken off, steep, ruggedpraesaepe hivepraescius prescient, foreknowing

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praesens present, in person; prompt, efficaciouspraesentio feel beforehand, presage, perceive in advancepraesideo be in charge, guard, watch, presidepraestans superior, excellent, distinguished, extraordinarypraesto stand out, be superior, it is betterpraetendo hold out, extend, present; simulate, pretendpraeterea besides, moreoverpraetereo to go by, go past, pass by; go beyond, outstrippraeterlabor glide by, flow bypraetexo weave; cover, concealpraeverto go before, outrun; anticipate, preventpravus crooked, distorted, deformed; improper, wrongprecor ask, beg, entreat, requestpremo press, pursue; overpower; bury; conceal; restrainprendo grasp, snatch, seize; hold, stoppretium price, value, worthprex prayer, requestPriamus Priam, king of Troyprimus first; chief, excellentprinceps leader, chief, founder, originatorprincipium beginning, originprior former, previous, prior, firstpriscus ancient, former, of oldpristinus early, original, pristineprius before, sooner, first, previouslypriusquam beforepro for; before, on account of; instead ofprobo approve commend; recommend, show; proveprocedo go forward, proceed; advance, elapseprocella violent wind, storm, procul in the distance, far, from afarprocumbo fall forwards, fall prostrateprodeo go forth, come forward; advanceprodo produce, propagate; report; revealproduco lead forward; bring forth, produceproelium battle, combatproficiscor set out, depart, marchprofor speak out, speakprofugus fugitive; banished, exiledprofundus deep, profound; of the underworld, infernalprogenies descent, lineage, race, family; descendantsprogigno beget, bear, bring forthprogredior go forward, advance; progressprolabor glide forward, slide along, slipproles offspring, children, descendantspromereor deserve, merit, earn, be worthypromitto promise, hold out, assure, expectpromo take out, give out, producepronuba bride’s attendantpronus bent over, leaning; rushing; pronepropago offspring, descendantpropero hurry, hasten, move quicklypropior closer, nearerproprius special, peculiar, individual; lastingpropter on account of, because ofpropugnaculum rampart, fortress, protectionprora prow, bowprorumpo break out, rush forth, attack, burstprosequor pursue, follow up, chaseProserpina wife of Pluto and queen of the underworld

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prospectus view, prospectprospicio look forward, look out, look, see, discernprotendo extend, reach out, liftprotinus forward, onward; continuously, without pauseproveho move along, advance, lead on, proceedproximus nearest, closest; nextpubes young men; groinpudor decency, modesty, propriety; shamepuella girlpuer boypugna fight, battlepugno fight, combat, contendpugnus fistpulcher beautiful, handsome; fine, noblepulso strike, beat, hammer, batterpulverulentus dusty, covered with dustpulvis dust, powderPunicus Punic, Carthaginianpuppis stern, poop; shippurpureus purple, dark redputo think, consider, regard; judge, believePygmalion Dido’s brotherPyrrhus Achilles’ sonqua where? how? in any wayquaero seek, look for, ask forqualis what sort?; of such a kind, such asquam how, how much; thanquamquam although, howeverquando when? quantum as much as, so much asquantus of what size, how much, asquasso shake violently; shatter, batterquater four timesque enclitic, andquercus oak, oak treequerela complaint, accusationqueror express grief, complain, lamentqui who, which; what; thatquia becausequicumque whoever, whatever, whosoeverquidem indeed, in factquies rest, repose, peacequiesco rest, repose, keep quietquietus at rest, inactive, in reposequin why not?; but, indeedquinquaginta fiftyquippe of course, obviously; indeedQuirinus another name for Romulusquis who? what?quisquam any, anyonequisque whoever, whatever; each one everyonequisquis whoever, whatever; everyone whoquo where; at which timequod because; that, in that; whereforequondam once, at some time, at one time; sometimesquoniam since, because, whereasquoque also, tooquot how many?quotannis every year, annually, yearlyquotiens how often?; as often as

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rabidus raving, mad, enraged; inspiredrabies rage, madness, frenzy; anger, furyradius staff, rod; a geometer’s rod; beam, rayradix root, foundationramus branch, bough, twigrapidus fierce; rushing, swiftrapio seize, snatch, tear, pluck; driverapto snatch, drag, hurry awayrarus loose, with large mesh; scattered, dispersedratio reason; account, calculation; course, conductratis raft, boatraucus hoarse; ringing; hollow-soundingrebellis insurgent, rebelliousrecedo fall back, withdraw, recederecens fresh, young, recentrecidivus falling back; rising againrecipio receive, take back; recover, rescuerecludo open, disclose, reveal; drawrecondo put back, put away; plungerectus right, correct; direct, straightrecurso return persistently, keep recurringrecutio shake again, shockreddo drive back, restore; reply, answerredeo go back, returnredimo buy back, redeem, ransom; releasereditus return, returning; circuitredoleo emit scent, smell of, be redolent of; breathe, exhalereduco lead back, bring backrefello disprove, refute, repel, exposerefero bring back, carry back; recall, speak, sayreflecto bend back, turn backrefringo break up, break openrefugio flee back, escape, avoidrefulgeo flash back, glitter, glistenrefundo pour back, make flow backregina queenregio region, area; direction; boundary lineregius royal, regal, kinglyregnator ruler, sovereignregno rule, reign, governregnum kingdom; royaltyrego rule, control; direct, guidereicio throw back, hurl backrelinquo leave, abandon, relinquishreliquiae remainders, remnantsremigium rowing, oarageremitto send back, drive back; loosen, relax; give upremordeo bite again; vex, tormentremoveo move back, drive away, removeremugio bellow back; resoundremus oarRemus Romulus’s brotherrenovo renew, restore; repeatreor think, believe, supposerepello drive back, drive away, repelrependo ransom; repay; balancereperio find again, find, discoverrepertor discoverer, inventor (Jupiter)repeto attack again; seek again, demand back; retake, recallrepleo fill again, refill, fill up

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repono put back, restore; stretch out; lay aside, storereprimo keep back, check, curb, restrain, refrainrequies rest, repose, respiterequiro seek again, search for; demand; requireres thing, incident, matter; state; pl. exploits, worldreservo keep back, save up, reserveresido sit down, settle; subsideresigno unseal, open; revealresisto remain, continue; oppose, resistresolvo loosen, release, relax; dispelresono resound, ringrespicio look back, gaze at, look forrespondeo reply, respond, answerresponsum reply, answer, response; adviceresto withstand, resist, oppose; remainresupinus bent back, lying on the backresurgo rise again, appear againrete netretego uncover, bare, open; disclose, revealretorqueo twist back, turn back; change, alterretracto undertake anew; consider; withdrawretro backward, back; formerlyrevello pull away, tear off; violatereverto turn back, returnreviso look back; revisitrevoco recall, call againrevolvo revolve, turn again; unroll, repeat; returnrex kingRhesus Thracian leaderrideo laugh; ridiculerigeo be stiff, stiffen; bristle, hardenrima crack, fissureripa bank, marginrite solemnly, ceremonially; rightly, fitlyritus ceremony, riterobur hardwood, oak; tree trunk; oak treerogus funeral pyreRoma RomeRomanus RomanRomulus first king and founder of Romeroscidus wet with dew, dewy; moistenedroseus rose-colored, ruddyrota wheel; chariotrudens roaring, bellowingruina fall, crash, ruinrumor rumor, report; murmurrumpo break, burst, rupture; break throughruo rush, hurry; fall down, tumblerupes rock, cliffrursus again, in turnrus the country, fieldsRutuli Rutulians, Turnus’ tribeSabaeus Sabaean (Arabian group)sacer holy, sacredsacerdos priest, priestesssacra sacrificessacro consecrate, dedicate, devotesaeculum generation, age; a lifetimesaepe often, frequentlysaepio hedge in, enclose, encircle; surround; protect

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saevio rage, ravesaevus savage, fierce, ferocious; terriblesagitta arrow, shaftsal salt water, the seasaltem at least, at all events, anyhowsaltus leap, leaping; forest, woodlandsalum the open sea, the deepsalus health, welfare, prosperity; greetingSamos island off Asia Minorsanctus holy, sacred; reveredsanguineus bloody, blood-redsanguis blood; bloodshed, slaughtersanies gore, bloody mattersanus whole, healthy, well; sober, saneSarpedon ally of the Trojans, Lycian kingsat enough, sufficient, adequatesator father, creatorSaturnius of Saturn, SaturnianSaturnus Saturn, father of Jupiter, king of Latiumsaucius wounded, hurt, injuredsaxum large stone, boulder, rockscaena stage, scene; theater; spacescando climb, rise, ascendsceleratus polluted, profaned; wicked, impiousscelero pollute, defile, desecratescelus wicked deed, crime, sin, wickednesssceptrum scepter; kingdom, rule, authorityscilicet to be sure, indeedscindo cut, tear, rend, split, dividescintilla spark, glimmer, tracescio know, understandscopulus rock, cliff, crag, ledgescutum shield, protection, defenseScyllaea of ScyllaScyrius of Scyros (an Aegean island)se himself, herself, itself, themselvessecessus separation; ravine, hiding-placeseco cut, reap, carve; operate, dividesecretum mystery, hidden thing, secretsecundus favorable; secondsecuris ax, hatchetsecurus carefree, composed; cheerful, serenesecus otherwise, differentlysed butsedeo sit; hold courtsedes seat, dwelling-place; foundationsedile seat, bench, stool, chairseditio insurrection, mutiny; dissension, quarrelseduco take apart, lead away; divide, partsegnis slow, tardy, slack; sluggishsemen seed, beginning; causesemianimis half-alive, half-deadseminex half-deadsemino sow; producesemita path, lanesemivirus half-man; effeminate, unmanlysemper always, ever, continuallysenatus senatesenecta old age, senilitysenex old, aged

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seni six eachsenior oldersensus observation, feeling, sensation; way of thinkingsententia opinion, judgment, decisionsentio perceive, note; understandsentus thorny, roughsepelio bury; place on a funeral pyre; destroy, suppressseptem sevenseptemplex sevenfoldsepteni seven eachsepulchrum burial place, tomb, gravesequor follow, pursue; accompanysereno calm, make clearserenus calm, clearSerestus friend of AeneasSergestus friend of Aeneassermo speech, conversation; talk, report, rumorsero engage; sire, produceserpens snake, serpentserpo crawl, creep; creep insertum garland, wreathservio serve, work forservitium slavery, bondageservo save, guard, keepsese same as se – himself, herself, itself, themselvesseu or, or if; whether...or (same as sive)sex sixsi if, whensibilus hissingSibylla Sibyl, prophetesssic thus, in this waysicco dry; mild drysiccus dry; thirstySiculus of Sicily; Siciliansido perch, settle, sit downSidonius of Sidonsidus constellation, group of stars; the sky, heavensignum sign, indication; standard; figuresilentium silence, stillnesssileo be silent, be still; suppresssilex flint, granitesilva wood, forestsimilis similar, like, resemblingSimois river near Troysimul at the same time, simultaneouslysimulacrum likeness, image, statuesimulo pretend, feign simulatesin but ifsine withoutsinguli one at a time, single; separatesino allow, permitSinon the Greek who tricks the Trojanssinuo curve, bendsinus bay; fold; bosomsisto set, set up, fix, plant; present; halt, staysitis thirst; droughtsitus position, spot, place; neglectsive whether; or ifsocio associate; bind, unitesocius friend, comrade, ally

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sol sunsolamen solace, consolation, comfortsoleo be accustomed; (usually)solidus undivided, whole, complete; trustworthysolium throne; seatsollemnis solemn; sacred; accustomedsollicito disturb, bother, troublesolor console oneself for; cheer, comfortsolum ground, base, foundationsolus alone, only, single, solesolvo loosen, relax; release, unfurl; dispel, dismisssomnus sleep, slumbersonipes charger, steedsonitus sound, noise, dinsono resound, make a noise; speak, expresssonorus howling, roaring, resoundingsopor slumber, deep sleepsoror sistersors fate, lot; prophecy; destiny, fortunesortior cast lots, draw lots; share, divide; choosespargo scatter, sprinkle, strewSpartanus Spartanspatior walk, wander aroundspatium space, room; level; pathspecies sight, appearance; spectacle; resemblancespectaculum sight, spectaclespectator spectatorspecula lookout, watchtowerspeculor watch, keep watch; observespelunca cavesperno scorn, disdain; rejectspero hope, look for, expectspes hopespira fold, coilspiritus spirit, soul; breathspiro breathespolio strip, uncover, bare; rob, plunderspolium pl. arms stripped from an enemy; bootyspons free will, accord; abl. freely, willinglyspuma spray, froth, foamspumeus foamyspumo foam, frothspumosus foaming, foamysqualeo be filthysquameus scalystabilis firm, steady, stable, fixed; firm, lastingstabulum stall, stable; lairstagnum swamp, standing waterstatio resting place; anchoragestatuo set up, station; construct, buildstellatus studded; gleamingsterno spread out; overthrow, level, flattenSthenelus Diomedes’ charioteerstimulus spurstimulo spur; prick, goad onstipes trunkstipo press, pack; fill, cram, stuffstirps stem; lineagesto stand; be built; linger, remainstratum covering; bed, couch

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strepitus din, clash, rustle, clatterstrideo make a harsh noise, hissstridor shrill sound, creak, grating, rattlestringo graze, trim, stripstruo place together, heap up; prepare, devisestudium desire, exertion, endeavor; pursuitstupeo be stunned, be amazed; wonder atstuppeus hempen, made of hempStygius of the Styx (river in the underworld)Styx river of the underworldsuadeo advise, exhort, urge, persuadesub under, beneath; at the foot of; acc. to, towardsubeo go under, enter; come up, advance; support; followsubicio place under; set up, mount; ascribesubigo drive on, propel; forcesubito suddenly, immediately, at oncesublimis lofty, high, exalted; on high, lofty; eminentsubmergo dip, plunge under, sinksubmitto put down, lower; moderate; humble, yieldsubnecto tie under, fasten beneathsubnixus leaning on; supported bysuboles child; offspringsubrideo smilesubrigo lift, raisesubsido settle down, subsidesubsisto halt, take a stand, stop; opposesubter beneath, undersubtraho withdraw; pass. fly beneathsubvolvo roll upsuccedo go below, enter; ascend; succeed; approach; take upsuccessus successsuccingo gird; equipsuccumbo yield to, fall undersuccurro help, relieve; succoursuffero submit to, under, suffersufficio suffuse, tinge; supply; be sufficientsuffundo pour in; suffusesulcus furrow; trenchsum besummus uppermost, highest; loftiest, supremesumo take, lay hold of, assume; undertake; inflictsuper above, over, on top ofsuperbus proud, arrogant, insolentsuperemineo surpass, tower oversuperi the godssupero surpass, transcend; remain; excel, be superiorsuperstitio superstition, dread of the supernaturalsupersum survive; remain; sufficesuperus upper, highersupinus lying on one’s backsupplex suppliant, beseeching, entreatingsuppliciter humbly, suppliantlysupplicium punishment, penaltysuppono apply; put undersupra above, oversupremum for the last timesura calf; legsurgo rise, get up, stand up; ascendsuscipio take, catch, take up; have, get; undertake, undergosuspendo hand, suspend

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suspicio look up at, admire; suspectsuspiro sighsuus his, her, its, theirSychaeus Dido’s husband (slain by Pygmalion)Syrtis Syrtis (shallow sandy bays on the coast of Africa)tabeo be drenchedtabula board, planktaceo be silent, say nothingtacitus secret, unmentioned, silenttaeda torch; nuptial torchtalaria sandalstalis such, of such a kindtam so, so verytamen however, nevertheless, stilltandem at last, finally; pray nowtango touch; border on, reachtantum so much, so greatlytantus so great, so much, suchTartara Tartarus, the underworldtaurinus a bull’s; of a bulltaurus bull; bullocktectum house, dwelling; roof; tegmen covering, covertego cover, cover over, hide; shelter; dissemble, keep secrettellus earth, globe, land, ground; personified Earthtelum spear, shaft, javelin; weapontempero restrain oneself, abstain, keep from; soothetempestas storm, tempest; disturbance; multitudetemplum temple, sanctuary, shrinetempto try, attempt; tempttempus time; occasion, opportunitytenax tenacious, griping, clingingtendo stretch, extend; present; aim; exert, strivetenebrosus dark, gloomyTenedos island near Troyteneo hold, keep, have; occupy; hold back, detain; reachtentorium tenttenuis slim, thin; little, slight; lowtenus up to, as far aster three times, thriceterebro bore into, pierceteres smooth, polishedtergum back, rear; hide, leathertermino end; limitternus tripletero graze, touch; wear away, wasteterra earth, land, soil; personified Earthterreo frighten, terrifyterribilis dreadful, fearfulterrifico terrifyterrito terrify, frightentertius thirdtestor call to witness; swear bytestudo tortoise shell; rooftete intensive form of teTeucer 1. first Trojan king 2. half brother of AjaxTeucri TrojansTeucria Troythalamus inner room, chamber; marriage bedtheatrum theater

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thesaurus treasureTheseus king of AthensThessandrus Greek warrior at TroyThoas Greek warrior at TroyThreicius Thracian, of ThraceThreissa a Thracian womanThybris Tiber RiverThyias Bacchant, ThyiadThymoetes a Trojanthymum thymeTiberinus of the Tibertigris tigress, tigerTimavus river in northeastern Italytimeo fear, be afraid oftimor fear, dread, anxietyTitan Titan, name given to the god of the suntogatus wearing a togatollo lift, raise; erect; extol, exalttonitrus thundertormentum machine for hurlingtorqueo twist, bend, turntorreo roasttorus sofa, couch, bedtorvus stern, grimtot so many, such a number oftotidem just so many, just as manytotiens so often, as oftentotus entire, all, wholetrabs beam, timber, raftertractabilis tangible, manageable, yieldingtraho draw, drag; lead, bring; sweep along; spend, prolongtraicio throw across; strike; pass through, penetratetrano fly over; swim acrosstranquillus calm, tranquiltranseo go across, go over; pass bytransfero carry across; transfertransfigo piercetransmitto send across; transfertransverbero transfixtremefactus shakentremesco tremble, quake, shuddertremo tremble, shake, quaketremor tremblingtrepido tremble, shaketrepidus restless, agitated, anxioustres threetridens with three teeth; tridenttrietericus biennial (triennial in Roman system)triginta thirtyTrinacrius Siciliantristis sad, sorrowful, dejected; dismal, gloomytrisulcus three-forkedTriton sea-god, son of Neptunetriumphus triumphTrivia another name for DianaTroia TroyTroianus TrojanTroilus one of Priam’s sonsTroius TrojanTros Trojan

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trucido kill, butchertrudo pushtruncus body, trunktrux harsh, fierce, wildtu youtueor look at, behold, watch; keep in mind; care fortum then, at that time, in those times; furthertumeo swell, be swollentumidus swollen, tumid; puffing uptumultus uproar, commotion, disturbance, tumulttumulus sepulchral mound, grave; heap of earthtunc thetundo beat, strike, thump; pound, bruise; stunturba uproar, commotion; crowd, throngturbidus confused, disordered; troubled, violentturbo turbinis, m. whirlind, tornadoturbo turbare – disturb, make an uproarTurnus leader of the Rutulians, Aeneas’s enemyturpis ugly; filthy, disgracefulturris tower, citadeltus incensetutus safe, securetuus yourTydides son of Tydeus=Diomedestyrannus tyrantTyrius Tyrian, of TyreTyros TyreTyrrhenus Tyrrhenianuber richubi where?; where, whenubique everywhere, anywhereulciscor avengeUlixes Ulysses (Odysseus)ullus any, any oneulterior farther, more remoteultimus last; furthestultra beyond, on the other sideultro on the other side, beyondululatus wailing, howlingululo howl, yell, wailumbo bossumbra shadow, shadeumbrifer shade-givingumecto moisten, wetumens moist, dewy, wetumerus shoulder, upper armumidus dewy, wateryumquam everuna at once, together, at the same timeunanimus sympathizing, agreeinguncus hooked, crookedunda waveunde from which place, whenceundique from all parts, on all sides, all aroundundosus billowyunguis fingernailunguo smear, anointunus one, only, aloneurbs cityurgeo press, force, urge; drive

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urna urnuro burnusquam anywhere, any placeusus useut how?; as, whenuterque each, either, each one; pl. bothuterus womb; bellyuti how?; as, whenutor use, profit; spend; perform, practiceuxorius uxorious, devoted to one’s wifevacca cowvaco be freevacuus empty, vacant, clear; free, free fromvado go, walkvadum shallow place, fordvagina sheathvagor wander, roam; spreadvaleo be well, be strong; say goodbyevalidus strong, powerful, robustvalles valley, valevanus empty, void; fruitless; false, deceptivevarius various, variegated; changing, variable; ficklevasto pillagevastus unoccupied; vast, immense, hugevates seer, prophetve enclitic – or, or if you willveho carry, bear; bring, usher invel or, or indeed; certainlyvelivolus sail-wingedvello tear, pluckvelo cover, wrapvelox swiftvelum sailvelut just as, even as, likevena vein, artery; pl. heartvenabulum hunting spearvenatrix huntressvendo sellvenenum poison; drugvenia indulgence, kindness, favor; permissionvenio come, arrive; govenor huntventus windVenus goddess of Love, Aeneas’s motherverbum wordvereor fearvero in fact, in truth, trulyverro sweepverso whirlvertex whirlpool, vortexverto turn, direct, change; twist; destroyverus true, real, actual, genuineVesper the evening starVesta goddess of the hearthvester yourvestibulum entrancevestigium step, footprint, track; trace, mark, vestigevestigo searchvestis clothing, attire, garmentsveto forbid

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vetus old, agedvia way, road, path; method, modevibro shake, brandish, wield; glimmer, gleamvicissim in turnvictor winner, victor, conquerorvictus foodvideo see, perceive; understand; pass. seem, appearvigeo thrivevigil awake, alert; watchful, restlessvimen twig, stemvincio bind, tie, fastenvinco conquer, overcome, defeat; banishvinculum chain, rope, fetter; bondvindico claim; rescuevinum wineviolo injure, dishonor; violatevir man, malevireo be greenvirga wand; branch, twigvirgo young woman, virginviridis greenvirtus strength, courage, excellence; character, virtuevis force, violence; pl. strengthviscum mistletoeviscus flesh; organsvisus sight, vision; appearancevita lifevitalis vital, of lifevitta band, fillet, braidvivo live, be alive; lingervivus alive, livingvix scarcely, barely; justvoco call, name; invite; invokevolatilis wingedvolo velle - wish, want, desirevolo volare - flyvolucer winged, flyingvolumen coil; foldvoluntas will, wish, choice, desire; purposevoluto roll, turn; weigh, ponder, considervolvo turn, roll; ordain, decree; glidevoro swallowvos youvosmet emphatic form of vosvotum vow, solemn pledge; a votive offeringvoveo vowvox voice, cry, call; word, sayingvulgo make known, spread abroadvulgus crowd, throng; rabblevulnus wound, injuryvultus face, appearance; expressionXanthus river near TroyZephyrus west wind

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WORDS OCCURRING FIFTEEN TIMES OR MORE

a, ab from, away from, byac same as atque – and, and alsoad to, toward, near, at, byAeneas hero of the Aeneidagmen army (on the march), column, train, formation, rank, linealiquis someone, anyonealius another, other, elsealtus high, lofty; deep, profound; as noun altum – the sea, heavenamor love, affection, fondness; as person - Cupidanimus soul, spirit, heart, courage, daring, feelingante before, in front of, previouslyara altararma arms, weapons; tools, equipmentarx citadel, fortress, stronghold; hill, peakat but; yet, at leastatque and, and also; but, thanaura air, breeze, wind, blastaurum goldaut or; aut…aut= either…orbellum war caelum sky, heaven, the heavenscaput head, the summit, personcircum around, all aroundclassis fleet, divisionconiunx spouse, husband, wifecorpus bodycum prep. with, conjunction when, since, althoughcura anxiety, distress, care, concernde from, away from, down from; concerning, according todea goddessdeus god, deitydexter right, to the right; skillfuldico dicere - say, speak, sing, describe, namedictum assertion, remark, sayingDido queen of Carthagedivus of a deity, godlike, divinedo give, appoint; grant, bestow; emit, utterdomus house, home, dwelling, buildingduco lead, lead away, guide, conduct, prolong; choosedum while; with subjunctive=untile, ex out of, from; of; since; according toego Ieo go, walk, ride, sail, moveet and, alsofama report, rumor, saying, talk, traditionfatum prediction; fatefero bring, carry, bear, wear; report; offerferrum iron; iron tool; swordflamma flame, blaze; flame of passion;for speak, say; prophesygens race, clan; descendant, offspringhic adv. herehic, haec, hoc this, the latterhinc from this place, hence; on either sidehostis enemy, foe, strangeriam now, at this time, already; with a neg., longer, moreignis fireille, illa, illud that; he, she, it

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in acc. into, to; against; abl. in, on, uponingens huge, vast, enormous; extraordinaryinter between, amongipse himself, herself, itselfItalia Italyiubeo order, tell, commandIuno goddess of marriage; wife of Jupiterlabor noun – labor, toil, exertion; suffering, hardshiplacrima tearlatus adj. broad, wide, extensivelimen threshold, door; house, dwellinglitus seashore, beachlocus place, spot; positionlongus long, extendedmagnus large, great, huge, mighty; importantmanus hand; band troop; handiworkmedius the middle of, middlemens mind, intellect; memory; feeling; heartmeus my, minemiser wretched, miserable, poor, sadmoenia walls, ramparts; walled citymultus much; many (pl.); great, high, abundantnatus born, made, destined, intended; a sonne not; do not; -ne – whether, ornec and not, also not; neither...nornon not, by no meansnoster our; oursnox night; deathnunc nowo O! oh!oculus eyeomnis all, every, wholeora shore, coast; border, edge, rimoro beg, plead; pray, beseech; speakos mouth; face, expressionpars part, portion; sidepater father, sirepectus breast, chest, heartper through, along; throughout, during; by means ofpeto seek, aim at; attack; scanpossum be able, canpremo press, pursue; overpower; bury; conceal; restrainPriamus Priam, king of Troyprimus first; chief, excellentque enclitic, andqui who, which; what; thatquis who? what?refero bring back, carry back; recall, speak, sayregina queenregnum kingdom; royaltyres thing, incident, matter; state; pl. exploits, worldrex kingsanguis blood; bloodshed, slaughterse himself, herself, itself, themselvessed butsequor follow, pursue; accompanysi if, whensic thus, in this waysocius friend, comrade, allysoror sister

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sto stand; be built; linger, remainsub under, beneath; at the foot of; acc. to, towardsum besummus uppermost, highest; loftiest, supremesuus his, her, its, theirtalis such, of such a kindtandem at last, finally; pray nowtantus so great, so much, suchtectum house, dwelling; roof; telum spear, shaft, javelin; weaponteneo hold, keep, have; occupy; hold back, detain; reachterra earth, land, soilTeucri Trojanstot so many, such a number oftotus entire, all, wholeTroia Troytu youtum then, at that time, in those times; furtherTurnus leader of the Rutulians, Aeneas’s enemytuus yourubi where?; where, whenumbra shadow, shadeunda waveunus one, only, aloneurbs cityut how?; as, whenve enclitic – or, or if you willvenio come, arrive; goventus windvia way, road, path; method, modevideo see, perceive; understand; pass. seem, appearvir man, malevis force, violence; pl. strengthvoco call, name; invite; invokevolvo turn, roll; ordain, decree; glidevox voice, cry, call; word, sayingvulnus wound, injury

WORDS OCCURRING 9-14 TIMES

Achilles greatest of the Greek heroes at Troyaequor the sea, surface of the sea, a level surfaceaequus even, level, just, fairago drive, do, pursue, conduct imp – Come!ait says, assertsardeo be on fire, burn, blazearvum plowed land, cultivated field, fieldater black, dark, sable, dusky; gloomyaudeo dare, venture, riskaudio hear, listen toaverto turn away, avert, removebis twice, doublecapio seize, grasp, capturecasus fall, falling-down, ruin, failurecausa cause, reason, motivecavus hollow, excavatedcentum 100cerno separate, distinguish, discern, perceivecingo equip, gird oneself; surround, encircle

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clamor shoutcomes friend, companion, comradecondo found, establish, buildcontra against, opposite, facingcorripio seize, snatch, grasp; attackcredo believe, trust, confide incrudelis cruel, unfeeling, hardcursus running course, a run, journeyDanaus of Danaus (famous Greek king) pl. the Greeksdies daydolor pain, suffering, anguish, distress, grief, troubledonum gift, presentdulcis sweet, agreeable, delightful, agreeabledurus hard, harsh, vigorous; pitiless, unyieldingenim for, namely, that is to sayequidem indeed, trulyequus horseeripio tear out, wrest, pluck tear; rescue deliver, freeerro wander, stray, roam; be in erroretiam also, too, even; stillextremus outermost, utmost, farthest; remotest; tipfacio make, do, produce, buildfinis end, boundary, limit; pl. territoryfluctus wave, tide, billow, surgefors chance, luck, fortunefortis brave, strong, courageousfortuna fortune, chance, luckfuga flight, rapid motionfugio flee, run away, escapefundo fundere – pour, pour out, shed; spreadfuro rage, rave, be out of one’s mindfuror raving, rage, madness, fury, passiongemitus groan, sighing, complaintgenitor fathergenus race, stock, family; birth, noble birth; descendantgravis heavy, weighty, burdenedhaud not, not at all, by no meansheu alas !homo person, human being, maniacto throw out; consider, discuss; pronounce, utter, speakidem the sameimago image; ghost, vision; reminderimmanis huge; monstrous, frightfulimperium command, order; supreme power, sovereigntyimus lowest, deepest, lastincipio begininsto stand upon, take a position; press, pursueinterea meanwhileIovis Jove, Jupiterira anger, fury, hateiungo join, unite, connectlaetus joyous, happy, delighted; pleasant, gratefulLatium district in Italy south of the Tiberlego gather, collect, choose, pick; surveylumen light; pl. eyesmalus evil, wicked bad; hostilemaneo remain, staymare seametus fear, dread, apprehensionmisceo mix, mingle, intermingle

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mitto send, let go; throw; dismissmons mountain, hill; mass, heapmorior die, expire; decay, withermors deathmurus wall, city wallnamque fornavis shipneque same as nec, and not, also not; neither...nornomen name; titlenos we, usnotus known, famous, customarynovus new, young, fresh; novelnubes cloud, mist, vapornumen divinity, divine, power; a god or goddessopus work, labor toil; structure artistic workorbis circle; world; shieldPallas ally of Aeneas, son of Evanderparens parentparo prepare, arrange, make readypelagus seapono put, place; establish; lay downpopulus people, nationporta door, gate; avenue, entrance, outletpro for; before, on account of; instead ofpuer boypulcher beautiful, handsome; fine, noblepuppis stern, poop; shipquaero seek, look for, ask forqualis what sort?; of such a kind, such asquam how, how much; thanrapio seize, snatch, tear, pluck; drivereddo drive back, restore; reply, answerrelinquo leave, abandon, relinquishRomanus Romanruo rush, hurry; fall down, tumblesacer holy, sacredsaevus savage, fierce, ferocious; terriblesaxum large stone, boulder, rockscopulus rock, cliff, crag, ledgesedes seat, dwelling-place; foundationsese same as se – himself, herself, itself, themselvessidus constellation, group of stars; the sky, heavensilva wood, forestsolus alone, only, single, solesomnus sleep, slumbersors fate, lot; prophecy; destiny, fortunespes hopespolium pl. arms stripped from an enemy; bootysubeo go under, enter; come up, advance; support; followsuper above, over, on top ofsupplex suppliant, beseeching, entreatingsurgo rise, get up, stand up; ascendtamen however, nevertheless, stilltantum so much, so greatlytellus earth, globe, land, groundtemplum temple, sanctuary, shrinetempus time; occasion, opportunitytendo stretch, extend; present; aim; exert, strivetergum back, rear; hide, leathertollo lift, raise; erect; extol, exalt

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Troianus Trojanturbo turbare – disturb, make an uproarTyrius Tyrian, of Tyreullus any, any oneumerus shoulder, upper armuna at once, together, at the same timevates seer, prophetVenus goddess of Love, Aeneas’s mothervertex whirlpool, vortexverto turn, direct, change; twist; destroyverus true, real, actual, genuinevinco conquer, overcome, defeat; banishvolo velle - wish, want, desirevolo volare - flyvultus face, appearance; expression

WORDS OCCURRING 5-8 TIMES

accendo set on fire; inflame; arouse; inspireaccipio receive, accept, admit, welcomeacer sharp, keen, fierce, violentAchates Aeneas’s constant companionadeo to that degree, soadeo adire – go to, approach, reach visit, encounter, meetadfor address, speak toadloquor address, speak toadsum be present, be at hand, nearadversus turned toward, opposing, facing, adverseaeger sick, diseased, weary, weak Aeolus god of the windsaer air, breeze, mist, cloudaeternus everlasting, eternalaether upper air, ether; air; sky, heavenagnosco recognizeala wing, pinionalter one of the two, the otheramicus friendly; as noun - friendamitto lose, send away; let goamo love, cherish, likeamplector enfold, embrace, wind aboutan orAnchises Aeneas’s fatheranima breath, breath of life; life, existence; shade, soul spiritAnna Dido’s sisterannus yearantiquus of olden times, ancient, aged, formerantrum cave, cavern, grottoaperio open, uncover, disclose, revealApollo god of music and prophecyappareo appear, be disclosed, be seenarbor tree, trunk, shootartus joint, limb, frame, bodyAscanius Aeneas’s sonaspicio look at, look upon, behold; regardattollo lift up, raise up; rearaureus golden, of goldauris earAusonius Ausonian, Italian

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bonus goodcado fall, fall down, descendcaecus blindcaedes killing, slaughter, carnagecampus field, plan, level placecano sing, sound, playcarus dear, precious, valuedcedo go from, remove, withdraw, abandonceler quick, swift, speedycertus determined, resolved, fixed, certaincervix neck, napecircumdo surround, place around, encompassclaudo shut, close, encloseclipeus round shieldcogo collect, compel, force, urgecolligo gather, collect; assemblecoma hair; foliagecomitor accompany, attend, followcompono collect, lay; put to rest, quietconubium marriagecor heartCreusa Aeneas’s wifecrinis haircruentus spotted with blood, bloody, stainedcunctor delay, linger, hesitatecurrus chariot, car, wagonDardanius Trojan, of Dardanusdemitto let down, drop, let fall, sheddesero leave, forsake, abandon, desertdirus ominous, fearful, awful, dreadful, horribledives rich, wealthy, opulentdoceo teach, instruct, informdux leader, guide, generalecce behold! look!effero carry out, take away; bear, produceeffor utter, tell, speak outegregius distinguished, excellent, eminentensis swordergo therefore, consequently, accordinglyEurus southeast or east windexanimus lifeless, deadexcipio take out, withdraw; take up, catch, receiveexuviae spoils; relics; skinfacilis easyfallo trip, fall;err, mistake, deceive oneselffas divine law; with est=it is lawful, it is permittedfides faith, loyalty, belief, reliance; trustworthinessfidus loyal, faithful, crediblefigo fix, fasten; piercefoedo make foul, defile, polluteforma form, shape; beautyfoveo cherish, fondle, caressfrater brotherfremo roar, resound, howl; applaud; grumble because offrustra in vain, for nothingfulgeo flash, glitter, gleam, shinefunus funeral procession, funeral rites, burial; death, murdergeminus twingero bear, carry, wageGraius Greek

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habeo have, hold, support, carry; consider, regardhaereo cling, stick, be fastened; linger, pausehasta spear, lance, javelinHector Troy’s champion, son of Hectorheros hero, demigodhiems winter, winter timehonor honor, repute, esteem, distinctionhuc to this place, hither; to this point, so fariaceo lie, be prostrate, lie at restIliacus of Ilium, Trojanimpello strike against, strike, push; set in motionimpono place upon, put oninanis useless, empty, meaninglessincendo set fire to, burn; rouse, inciteincumbo lean press; bend to; oppressinfelix unfortunate, unlucky, miserable; barreningredior advance, go forward; undertakeinimicus hostile, unfriendly, hateful; damaginginquit says, saidinsequor follow after, come next; proceed, go oninsignis distinguished, remarkable, prominentis, ea, id he, she itiste that (of yours) – often contemptuousiterum again, a second time, once moreIulus another name for AscaniusIuppiter Jupiter, king of the godsius right, justice, dutyiuvenis young, youthful; as a noun – young personiuvo help, aid, assist, serve; delightKarthago Carthage, an ancient city in N. Africalabor labi – slip, glide, slide, move; sink, fallletum death, annihilationlex law, precept, regulation, principleLibya region of N. AfricaLibycus of Libyalinquo go away, leave, depart from, abandonloco place, put, lay; establishloquor speak, talk, say, tell; declarelucus sacred grovelustro review, observe, examine; illuminatelux light, brightness; pl. heavenly bodiesmaestus sorrowful, dejected, despondentmagis moremanes departed spirit, ghost, shademater mother; native landmemini remember, recollectmemor mindful, rememberingmemoro mention, recount, speak of, tellmiror wonder, marvel at, be astonishedmiseror lament, commiserate; pitymodus measure; way, manner; methodmoles mass, weight; greatness; difficulty, labor, troublemolior exert, strive toil; build; rousemollis yielding, soft, tender, gentlemonstro point out, exhibit, indicate, inform; urge, advisemora delay, procrastination; obstruction, hindrancemoror delay, stay, remain, lingermortalis mortal, transientmos practice, custom, habit; institutionmoveo move, remove, shake; excite, arouse, agitate

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munus service, office; burialmurmur murmur, roar, growling, grumbling, crashnam fornemus wood, grove, forestnequiquam in vain, without reasonnullus no, none; worthless; no onenympha nymphobscurus dark, shady, obscure; unknownOlympus Mt. Olympus, home of the godsomnipotens almighty, omnipotentops aid, help, assistance; means, wealth, resourcesopto choose, preferostium door; mouth, entrancepando spread out, extend; open, lay openpar equal, even; well-balancedparvus small; short, briefpateo be open, stand openpatior bear, support, suffer, endurepatria native land, own country; homepatrius fatherly; traditionalpax peace, reconciliationPenates household gods, gods of the statependeo hang, be suspended; loiterpenitus inwardly, deeply; thoroughlyPergama Troypergo proceed, go on, hastenpes foot; sheetPhoebus ApolloPhrygius Phrygian, Trojanpietas devotion, dutiful conduct, sense of dutypius devoted, dutiful, devout, conscientiouspoena penalty, punishmentpontus seaportus port, harborposco ask, beg, demand, requestpost after, behind; afterwardspostquam after, whenprecor ask, beg, entreat, requestprior former, previous, prior, firstprocul in the distance, far, from afarproles offspring, children, descendantspugna fight, battlePyrrhus Achilles’ sonqua where? how? in any wayquando when? quin why not?; but, indeedquisquis whoever, whatever; everyone whoquo where; at which timequondam once, at some time, at one time; sometimesquoque also, toorapidus fierce; rushing, swiftrecipio receive, take back; recover, rescuereduco lead back, bring backregius royal, regal, kinglyrego rule, control; direct, guideremitto send back, drive back; loosen, relax; give uprepono put back, restore; stretch out; lay aside, storerespicio look back, gaze at, look forreviso look back; revisitrobur hardwood, oak; tree trunk; oak tree

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Rutuli Rutulians, Turnus’ tribesacro consecrate, dedicate, devoteseco cut, reap, carve; operate, dividesedeo sit; hold courtseptem sevensermo speech, conversation; talk, report, rumorservo save, guard, keepseu same as siveSibylla Sibyl, prophetesssimul at the same time, simultaneouslysine withoutsino allow, permitsinus bay; fold; bosomsive whether; or ifsolum ground, base, foundationsolvo loosen, relax; release, unfurl; dispel, dismisssono resound, make a noise; speak, expressspero hope, look for, expectspumo foam, frothsterno spread out; overthrow, level, flattenstrideo make a harsh noise, hisssuperbus proud, arrogant, insolenttaurus bull; bullocktego cover, cover over, hide; shelter; dissemble, keep secrettempestas storm, tempest; disturbance; multitudetempto try, attempt; temptter three times, thriceterreo frighten, terrifythalamus inner room, chamber; marriage bedtorqueo twist, bend, turntorus sofa, couch, bedtraho draw, drag; lead, bring; sweep along; spend, prolongtremo tremble, shake, quaketristis sad, sorrowful, dejected; dismal, gloomyTros Trojantutus safe, secureuterus womb; bellyvaleo be well, be strong; say goodbyevarius various, variegated; changing, variable; ficklevastus unoccupied; vast, immense, hugevel or, or indeed; certainlyvelut just as, even as, likevestigium step, footprint, track; trace, mark, vestigevestis clothing, attire, garmentsvetus old, agedvinculum chain, rope, fetter; bondvirgo young woman, virginvirtus strength, courage, excellence; character, virtuevita lifevos you

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