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KNOWLEDGE ORGANISER YEAR 6 Summer 2020 Anne Frank Born on 12 June 1929 in Frankfurt, Germany and one of over a million Jewish children who died in the Holocaust. She grew up in Frankfurt with her sister Margot and parents Otto and Edith. When Hitler seized power in Germany in 1933, the family emigrated to Amsterdam to escape the persecution of Jews. Then Germany invaded Holland in May 1940. Anne was given a diary on her 13th birthday which became her best friend and confidante. When Margot received a notice to go to a forced-labour camp on 5 July 1942, it was decided the family would go in to hiding in the specially prepared Secret Annex - a week earlier than planned. Anne recorded all her thoughts and feelings in her diary. However much Anne hated being hidden away from the outside world, she always had the hope that they would one day be free. Hope was shattered on 4 August 1944, when the Secret Annex was raided by the security police following a tip-off. Anne was arrested and transported to Westerbork transit camp. She was then transferred with the others to Auschwitz-Birkenau and then with Margot to Bergen-Belsen concentration camp. She died of typhus in March 1945, just a few weeks before British troops liberated the camp. Anne's diary was discovered in the annex and kept, unread, in the hope that it could be returned to its author. Sadly this Auschwitz Concentration Camp HISTORY Holocaust – systematic killing of 6 million Jews across Europe. The Nazis also killed other groups of people, including Roma ('gypsies') and disabled people. They also arrested and took away the rights of other groups, like gay people, black people, and political opponents. Many of them died as a result of their treatment. Ordered by Adolf Hitler who led the Nazi Party which came to power in Germany after the end of WW1. Fuhrer - Hitler declared himself to be the Fuhrer or 'supreme leader of Germany'. (Nowadays, the word Fuhrer has a negative meaning of a ruthless leader who imposes brutal rule over people.) Anti-Semitic – language or behaviour which demonstrates dislike of Jewish people. It can be a form of hate crime. Hitler became leader of Nazi Party in 1922. Nazis led the country from 1933. Nazis is the shortened name for the National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP). Main ideas: 1. Purity of Ayran (Germanic) race. 2. Greatness of Germany. 3. Idolising (hero- worship) the Fuhrer The Holocaust was example of genocide. Genocide is deliberately killing a large group of people, usually because they are a certain nationality, race or religion. The Nazis referred to the killing of Jews and other groups as ‘the final solution’. Star of David – Jewish people forced to wear this badge to identify them under the Nai regime. Concentration camp – work camps which actually were extermination/death camps. Motto above entrance to Auschwitz in Poland, ‘Arbeit Macht Frie’ = work will make you free. This was a lie – millions of Jews were simply killed here and in other Anne Frank
