Spanish III h

Realidades-7B

El 5 de mayo 2016!

The Battle of Puebla took place on 5 May 1862, near the city of Puebla during the French intervention in Mexico. The battle ended in a victory for the Mexican Army over the occupying French forces. The French eventually overran the Mexicans in subsequent battles, but the

Mexican victory at Puebla against a much better equipped and larger[5] French army provided a significant morale boost to the Mexican army and also helped slow the French army's advance towards Mexico City. There were a total of 10,540 soldiers in the war. 462 French soldiers died in combat. Only 83 Mexican soldiers died in the battle.The Mexican victory is celebrated yearly on the fifth of May. Its celebration is regional in Mexico, primarily in the state of Puebla,[6][7][8][9] where the holiday is celebrated as El Día de la Batalla de Puebla (English: The Day of the Battle of Puebla).[10][11][12] There is some limited recognition of the holiday in other parts of the country although this holiday remains very popular in the United States where it is celebrated yearly as Cinco de Mayo.

Contents  [

BackgroundThe 1858–60 Mexican civil war known as The Reform War had caused distress throughout Mexico's economy. When taking office as the

elected president in 1861, Benito Juárez was forced to suspend payments of interest on foreign debts for a period of two years. At the end of October 1861 diplomats from Spain, France, and Britain met in London to form the Tripartite Alliance, with the main purpose of launching an allied invasion of Mexico, taking control of Veracruz, its major port, and forcing the Mexican government to negotiate terms for repaying its debts and for reparations for alleged harm to foreign citizens in Mexico. In December 1861, Spanish troops landed in Veracruz; British and French followed in early January. The allied forces occupied Veracruz and advanced to Orizaba. However, the Tripartite Alliance fell apart by early April 1862, when it became clear the French wanted to impose harsh demands on the Juarez government and provoke a war. The British and Spanish withdrew, leaving the French to march alone on Mexico City. Napoleon III wanted to set up a puppet Mexican regime.Event[edit]

Map of the battle's terrainThe French expeditionary force at the time was led by General Charles de Lorencez. The battle came about by a misunderstanding of the French forces’ agreement to withdraw to the coast. When the Mexican people saw these French soldiers on the march, they took it that hostilities had recommenced and felt threatened. To add to the mounting concerns, it was discovered that political negotiations for the withdrawal had broken down. A vehement complaint was lodged by the Mexicans to General Lorencez who took the effrontery as a plan to assail his forces. Lorencez decided to hold up his withdrawal to the coast by occupying Orizaba instead, which prevented the Mexicans from being able to defend the

passes between Orizaba and the landing port of Veracruz. The 33-year-old Mexican Commander General, Ignacio Zaragoza, fell back to Acultzingo Pass where he and his army were badly beaten in a skirmish with Lorencez's forces on 28 April. Zaragoza retreated to Puebla which was heavily fortified – it had been held by the Mexican government since the Reform War. To its north stood the forts Loreto and Guadalupe on opposite hilltops. Zaragoza had a trench dug to join the forts via the saddle.

Battle of Puebla, 5 May 1862

Lorencez was led to believe that the people of Puebla were friendly to the French, and that the Mexican Republican garrison which kept the people in line would be overrun by the population once he made a show of force. This would prove to be a serious miscalculation on Lorencez's part. On 5 May 1862, against all advice, Lorencez decided to attack Puebla from the north. However, he started his attack a little too late in the day, using his artillery just before noon and by noon advancing his infantry. By the third attack the French required the full engagement of all their reserves. The French artillery had run out of ammunition, so the third infantry attack went unsupported. The Mexican forces and the Republican garrison both put up a stout defense and even took to the field to defend the positions between the hilltop forts.As the French retreated from their final assault, Zaragoza had his cavalry attack them from the right and left while troops concealed along the road pivoted out to flank them. By 3 p.m. the daily rains had started, making a slippery quagmire of the battlefield. Lorencez withdrew to distant positions, counting 462 of his men

killed against only 83 of the Mexicans. He waited a couple of days for Zaragoza to attack again, but Zaragoza held his ground. Lorencez then completely withdrew to Orizaba.Aftermath[edit]

The Second Battle of Puebla in 1863.

The Battle of Puebla was an inspirational event for wartime Mexico, and it provided a stunning revelation to the rest of the world which had largely expected a rapid victory for French arms.

Slowed by their loss at Puebla, the French forces retreated and regrouped, and the invasion continued after Napoleon III determinedly sent additional troops to Mexico.

The French were eventually victorious, winning the Second Battle of Puebla on 17 May 1863 and pushing on to Mexico City. When the

capital fell, Juárez's government was forced into exile in the remote north.[13]

With the backing of France, the Habsburg Archduke Maximilian became Emperor of Mexico in the short-lived Second Mexican Empire.

Fort Guadalupe

CelebrationOn 9 May 1862, President Juárez declared that the anniversary of the Battle of Puebla would be a national holiday regarded as "Battle of Puebla Day" or "Battle of Cinco de Mayo". Although today it is recognised in some countries as a day of Mexican heritage celebration, it is not a federal holiday in Mexico.[

A common misconception in the United States is that Cinco de Mayo is Mexico's Independence Day,[20] the most important national patriotic holiday in Mexico.[21] Mexico celebrates Independence Day on the 16th of September, commemorating the beginning of the war of Independence (September 16, 1810, Grito de Dolores).[22] Mexico also observes the culmination of the war of Independence, which lasted 11 years, on the 27th of September.

Since the 1930s, a re-enactment of the Battle of Puebla has been held each year at Peñón de los Baños, a rocky outcrop close to Mexico City International Airport.

HOME JOURNALWhat is the Home Journal ?HOME JOURNAL:

Every night -at least five (5) minutes

(0r more …..if needed) to create you own lesson using the :

Lesson of the day in class as your guide (grammar verbs….)

Must be professional, clean and neat. Easy to read

Easy to learn from

No drawings or marks….. clean neat profesional!!!!!!!

HOME

Not due this FridayWil be collected laterDate will post soon

https://www.how-to-study.com/test-anxiety-assessment/

http://mariasakoulas.com/espanol/?page_id=394

¡¡¡Estudien Uds.!!!

Lección de hoy lunes el 3 de mayo 2016

1. las obrasPresentación de las obras

fechatiempovocabulariogramáticaverbosRepaso del examen de Capitulo 7A

midterm

Mandatos repaso de los mandatos formales

Affirmative and negative commands FORMAL and INFORMAL

Tu’ and Ud./Uds.

Repaso de En Busca de la verdad 6B

En Busca de la verdad 7A y 7B

Vocabulario de Episodio 9

Palabras de comprender

Certificado de nacimiento

tarjeta de estudiante

puede que

heredero

Estoy a cargo del casa

VOCABOLARIO 7B

Al Aire libre

Hacer una parrillada

el fosforo

la piedra

la carne de res

la carne de res

a la parilla

A La Parrilla

El pollo asado

el pollo asado

asar

la mostaza

el durazno

el aguacate

cerezas

Formal Commands

Commands are used when ordering, or telling someone to do something. This is often referred to as the "imperative" form of the verb.Compre Ud. el anillo.(You) Buy the ring.

Haga Ud. la tarea.(You) Do the homework.

Compren Uds. los libros.(You-all) Buy the books.

Hagan Uds. el trabajo.(You-all) Do the work.

You are well acquainted with the fact that Spanish has both a formal and an informal

style of speech (tú / Ud.). This distinction applies to commands.

Compre Ud. el anillo.Buy the ring. (formal)

Compra (tú) los dulces.Buy the candy. (familiar)

Informal, or familiar, speech is used among friends, coworkers, relatives, or when addressing a child. Formal speech is generally used to be polite or to express respect. For that reason, the formal commands are often referred to as polite commands.

The formal commands are formed the same way as the present subjunctive:1 Start with the yo form of the present

indicative.

2 Then drop the -o ending.

3 Finally, add the following endings:

-ar verbs:

-e (for Ud.), -en (for Uds.)-er and -ir verbs:-a (for Ud.), -an (for Uds.)

The following examples of formal commands use three regular verbs: hablar, comer, and escribir.

Hable Ud. más lentamente.Hablen Uds. más lentamente.Speak more slowly.

Coma Ud. la cena.

Coman Uds. la cena.Eat the dinner.

Escriba Ud. la carta.Escriban Uds. la carta.Write the letter.

Remember, if the first person singular (yo) form is irregular, that irregularity is carried over into the formation of the formal command.

Tengan Uds. un buen viaje. (yo tengo)Have a good trip.

Traiga Ud. el dinero. (yo traigo)Bring the money.

Venga Ud. conmigo. (yo vengo)Come with me.

This also applies to stem-changing verbs.Cuente Ud. sus beneficios. (yo cuento)Count your blessings.

Vuelvan Uds. pronto. (yo vuelvo)Return quickly.

Pida dinero. (yo pido)Ask for money.

As with the present subjunctive, the following verbs are irregular:

Dar

dé Ud.den Uds.

estaresté Ud.estén Uds.

irvaya Ud.vayan Uds.

Ser

sea Ud.sean Uds.

Saber

sepa Ud.sepan Uds.

Note that affirmative and negative commands use the same verb forms.

Hable Ud.Speak.

No hable Ud.Don't speak.

Coma Ud.Eat.

No coma Ud.Don't eat.

Escriba Ud.Write.

No escriba Ud.Don't write.

Also note that the subject pronouns Ud. and Uds. may or may not be used. Using them

adds a degree of formality or politeness to the command.

Hable.Speak.Hable Ud.Speak (sir). (more respectful)

Coma.Eat.Coma Ud.

Eat (sir). (more polite)

Complete List

Formal Commands (Imperative)

Use the present subjunctive forms

Hable Ud.Speak.

No hable Ud.Don't speak.

Coma Ud.Eat.

No coma Ud.Don't eat.

Escriba Ud.Write.

No escriba Ud.Don't write.

Irregular Formal Commands (Imperative)Same irregulars as the present subjunctive forms

Dar

dé Ud.den Uds.

Estar

esté Ud.estén Uds.

irvaya Ud.vayan Uds.

ser

sea Ud.sean Uds.

sabersepa Ud.sepan Uds.

Formal Affirmative and Negative Commands

Formal commands are used when addressing people in a formal manner. Use formal commands when addressing people you do not know well, people older than you, or people that you generally show respect (boss, teacher, priest, etc.) For all countries other than Spain, also use these commands to address any group of people.

Singular (usted)

• Pague la cuenta, por favor. (Pay the bill, please.)

• Sea amable. (Be nice.)

• Abra la ventana. (Open the window.)

Plural (ustedes)

Damas y caballeros, pasen por aquí. (Ladies and gentlemen, go this way.)Vengan más temprano mañana. (Come earlier tomorrow.)Estudiantes, abran sus libros. (Students, open your books.)

Affirmative Formal Command FormsAll Ud. (usted) and Uds. (ustedes) commands are the same as the Ud.

and Uds. present subjunctive forms.infinitive

usted present subjunctive

usted formal command

ustedes present subjunctive

ustedes formal command

hablar

hable hable hablen hablen

comer

coma coma coman coman

vivir viva viva vivan vivan

Pronoun Placement in Affirmative Formal Commands

Pronoun placement: the pronoun(s) is/are attached to the end of affirmative commands. To preserve the original stress of the verb in case it has more than one syllable, a

written accent is added.

• Tráigamelo. (Bring it to me.)• Cómalo. (Eat it.)

Negative Formal Commands!7B!Negative formal commands couldn’t be easier. All you have to do is add a negative word such as no in front of the affirmative formal

command/usted present subjunctive form.

• No saquen sus libros. (Do not take out your books.)

• No ponga su bolsa aquí. (Do not put your purse here.)

• No vengan mañana. (Do not come tomorrow.)

Pronoun Placement in Negative Formal Commands

Pronoun placement: the pronoun precedes the verb in negative commands and follows the negative word.

• No se levante antes de leer el artículo. (Don’t get up before you read the article.)

• Nunca les compre dulces a los niños. (Never buy candy for the children.)

• Nunca se los compre. (Never buy it for them.)

get started (it's free!).

¡RECUERDEN UDS.!

Negative Tú Commands

Negative informal commands (negative informal imperative forms) are very different from affirmative informal commands. They are actually more similar to the formal commands in that they use the tú form of the present subjunctive of each verb.

• No compres la camisa. (Do not buy the shirt.)

•• No aprendas español. (Do

not learn Spanish!)•• ¡No escribas el ensayo! (Do

not write the essay!)

•Always make sure you have a no or another negative word in front of the verb. This is what makes it negative.Another way to form the negative informal command if you already know your formal commands, is to add an -s to the end of the negative formal command.

infinitive

negative formal command

negative informal command

comprar no compre no compresaprender no aprenda no aprendas

escribir

no escribano escribas

Irregular Negative Informal

CommandsThere are no irregular negative informal commands. If a verb is irregular in the present subjunctive, it maintains the same irregular form in the negative informal command as well

Pronoun PlacementPronoun placement: the pronoun precedes (goes before) the verb in negative commands and after the negative word.

• No te levantes antes de comer tu calabaza. (Don’t get up before you eat your squash.)

• Nunca les compres dulces a los niños. (Never buy candy for the children.)

• Nunca se los compres. (Never buy it for them.)

http://www.clipartpanda.com/categories/adios-clipart