WEB322WEB322ASP.NET Internals: ASP.NET Internals: Under the Covers Under the Covers – Exploring – Exploring Internals, Internals, Page Lifecycle andPage Lifecycle and the the Compilation ModelCompilation Model

Simon CalvertSimon CalvertProgram ManagerProgram ManagerWeb Platform and Tools TeamWeb Platform and Tools TeamMicrosoft CorporationMicrosoft Corporation

AgendaAgenda

ASP.NET compilationASP.NET compilationDevelopment cycles and options:Development cycles and options:

Dynamic compilationDynamic compilation

Pre-compilationPre-compilation

Build extensibility Build extensibility

ASP.NET page lifecycleASP.NET page lifecycleCall backs, cross-page postCall backs, cross-page post

Asynchronous pagesAsynchronous pages

ASP.NET V2 Web ApplicationASP.NET V2 Web Application

Design-time: VSDesign-time: VSPagesPages: Code-behind: Code-behindControlControl: Code ‘spit’: Code ‘spit’ObjectsObjects: \bin (own dll): \bin (own dll)

BuildBuild: (App.DLL): (App.DLL)

ASP.NET v1.xASP.NET v1.xDevelopment CyclesDevelopment Cycles

Design & DevelopDesign & DevelopASPX …ASPX …CS/VBCS/VB

App.DLLApp.DLL

Deploy Test/ProductionDeploy Test/ProductionASPX …ASPX …CS/VBCS/VB

App.DLLApp.DLL

Deploy Test/Deploy Test/ProductionProduction

ASPX …ASPX …(CS/VB)(CS/VB)App.DLLApp.DLL

Layout (xcopy, copy web, build)Layout (xcopy, copy web, build) ASPX …ASPX … : Allows changes : Allows changesCodeCode: Can remove. Changes rebuild App.DLL : Can remove. Changes rebuild App.DLL App.DLLApp.DLL: Pre-built or build: Pre-built or build

Runtime: ASP.NETRuntime: ASP.NETDynamic compilation of known ‘file’ typesDynamic compilation of known ‘file’ typesKnows ‘single-file’ onlyKnows ‘single-file’ only

System.Web.UI.Page

ASP.NET v1.x CompilationASP.NET v1.x CompilationPage CompilationPage Compilation

Class defined in codebehind

App1.WF..

Class defined in codebehind

App1.WF1

VS Build (pre-compile)VS Build (pre-compile)

Auto-generated page class

ASP.MyClass2

Auto-generated page class

ASP.MyClass

Dynamic compile

<%@ Page codebehind=“wf1.aspx.cs” inherits=“App1.WF1” classname=“MyClass”

File containing separated File containing separated code. Designer only.code. Designer only.

File containing separated File containing separated code. Designer only.code. Designer only.

Class that the page-gen’ Class that the page-gen’ inherits frominherits from

Class that the page-gen’ Class that the page-gen’ inherits frominherits from

An (optional) class-name An (optional) class-name for the page-gen’ classfor the page-gen’ class

An (optional) class-name An (optional) class-name for the page-gen’ classfor the page-gen’ class

namespace App1 { public class WF1 : System.Web.UI.Page { .. } }

Base class. Final base is System.Web.UI.PageBase class. Final base is System.Web.UI.PageBase class. Final base is System.Web.UI.PageBase class. Final base is System.Web.UI.PageCode behind class. Namespace Code behind class. Namespace driven by project and folder (C#). driven by project and folder (C#).

Code behind class. Namespace Code behind class. Namespace driven by project and folder (C#). driven by project and folder (C#).

Layout: (xcopy, build ..)Layout: (xcopy, build ..)Dynamic compilationDynamic compilation::Pre-compilationPre-compilation: W/o source and/or markup : W/o source and/or markup (allows changes)(allows changes)

Deploy Test/Deploy Test/ProductionProduction

ASPX …ASPX …WSDL, XSD, RESXWSDL, XSD, RESX

CS/VBCS/VBDLLDLL

Deploy Test/Deploy Test/ProductionProduction

ASPX …ASPX …DLLDLL

Deploy Test/ Deploy Test/ ProductionProduction

DLLDLLDesign-time: VSDesign-time: VSPagesPages: Code-behind : Code-behind or single fileor single fileControlControl: No code ‘spit’: No code ‘spit’

ASP.NET v2ASP.NET v2Development CyclesDevelopment Cycles

Design & DevelopDesign & DevelopASPX …ASPX …

WSDL, XSD, RESXWSDL, XSD, RESXCS/VBCS/VB

DLLDLL

Runtime: ASP.NETRuntime: ASP.NETDynamic compilation of file ‘types’, (extensible)Dynamic compilation of file ‘types’, (extensible)Compilation of specialized foldersCompilation of specialized folders

Auto-generated partial class

Default2

Partial class defined in codefile

Default2

Auto-generated page class

MyClass2

Auto-generated page class

MyClass

Auto-generated partial class

_Default

Partial class defined in codefile

_Default System.Web.UI.Page

Dynamic compile

ASP.NET v2 CompilationASP.NET v2 CompilationPage CompilationPage Compilation

<%@ Page codefile=“default.aspx.cs” inherits=“_Default” classname=“MyClass”

File containing separated File containing separated codecode

File containing separated File containing separated codecode

Class that the page-gen Class that the page-gen inherits frominherits from

Class that the page-gen Class that the page-gen inherits frominherits from

An (optional) class-name An (optional) class-name for the page-gen classfor the page-gen class

An (optional) class-name An (optional) class-name for the page-gen classfor the page-gen class

public partial class _Default : System.Web.UI.Page

Class is ‘partial’. Combined to Class is ‘partial’. Combined to auto-gen’ partial classauto-gen’ partial class

Class is ‘partial’. Combined to Class is ‘partial’. Combined to auto-gen’ partial classauto-gen’ partial class

Base Class. Final base is System.Web.UI.PageBase Class. Final base is System.Web.UI.PageBase Class. Final base is System.Web.UI.PageBase Class. Final base is System.Web.UI.Page

ASP.NET v2 Code-Behind ASP.NET v2 Code-Behind and Compilationand Compilation

ASP.NET v2 CompilationASP.NET v2 CompilationSpecialized FoldersSpecialized Folders

\WeatherForecastApp\WeatherForecastApp

\App_Code\App_Code

global.ASAXglobal.ASAX

Extends HttpApplicationExtends HttpApplication1.1. Application eventsApplication events

Bus’ Logic, Base & Utility Classes ..Bus’ Logic, Base & Utility Classes ..Compile assembly (or many in order Compile assembly (or many in order

in <codeSubDirectories>)in <codeSubDirectories>)1.1. Single language per folderSingle language per folder2.2. Can contain ‘non-code’ typesCan contain ‘non-code’ types

\App_GlobalResources\App_GlobalResources

Global ResourcesGlobal Resources1.1. Strongly-typed resourcesStrongly-typed resources2.2. Shared in applicationShared in application

\App_WebReferences\App_WebReferences

Web Service ReferencesWeb Service References1.1. Folder structure defines typeFolder structure defines type2.2. Dynamic URL proxy generationDynamic URL proxy generation3.3. Consumable throughout Consumable throughout

applicationapplication \App_Browsers\App_Browsers

Browser CapabilitiesBrowser Capabilities1.1. .BROWSER files.BROWSER files2.2. Compiled on demandCompiled on demand

default.aspxdefault.aspx

\App_LocalResources\App_LocalResources

\App_Themes\Theme\App_Themes\Theme

Page compilationPage compilation1.1. Compiled on demandCompiled on demand2.2. Batching and dependenciesBatching and dependencies3.3. Local resources compiledLocal resources compiled4.4. Theme and master-pages Theme and master-pages

compiled on demandcompiled on demand

ASP.NET v2 Pre-compilationASP.NET v2 Pre-compilationScenariosScenarios

No ‘penalty’ for first-time request:No ‘penalty’ for first-time request:In-place pre-compilationIn-place pre-compilation

Deploy to a server:Deploy to a server:No ‘code’ or markup on the serverNo ‘code’ or markup on the server

Allow markup for minor changes, UI layoutAllow markup for minor changes, UI layout

Ship to a third party, IP restriction:Ship to a third party, IP restriction:Package deployed applicationPackage deployed application

Pre-compilationPre-compilation

Auto-generated partial

Default2

Partial class defined in codefile

Default2

Auto-generated partial ‘stub’

HomePage

Partial class defined in codefile

HomePage System.Web.UI.Page

<%@ Page codefile=“home.aspx.cs” inherits=“HomePage” classname=“MyPage”

public partial class HomePage : System.Web.UI.Page

Pre-compile

Auto-generated page class

MyPage2

Auto-generated page class

MyPage

ASP.NET v2 Pre-compilationASP.NET v2 Pre-compilationPage Allows UpdatesPage Allows Updates

<%@ Page inherits=“HomePage, App_Web_#####” classname=“MyPage”

Dynamic compile

<%@ Page codefile=“home.aspx.cs” inherits=“HomePage” classname=“MyPage”

ASP.NET v2 Build ExtensibilityASP.NET v2 Build ExtensibilityScenariosScenarios

File-based type extensibility: File-based type extensibility: Create custom types from arbitrary file Create custom types from arbitrary file types, e.g. XSD in types, e.g. XSD in \App_Code\App_Code

Create custom handlers, e.g. ASHXCreate custom handlers, e.g. ASHX

Create custom content, e.g. ASCXCreate custom content, e.g. ASCX

Non-file based source extensibility:Non-file based source extensibility:Move web content to a databaseMove web content to a database

CustomCustom BuildProvider and BuildProvider and VirtualPathProviderVirtualPathProvider

ASP.NET v2 Page Framework ASP.NET v2 Page Framework Page LifecyclePage Lifecycle

Methods, events, auto-hookups Methods, events, auto-hookups (Page_): (Page_):

OnPreInitOnPreInit: Dynamic : Dynamic MasterPageFileMasterPageFile, , ThemeThemeOnPreLoad, OnLoadComplete ..OnPreLoad, OnLoadComplete ..InitializeCulture: InitializeCulture: Dynamic Dynamic Culture/UICulture Culture/UICulture code-gen call when code-gen call when attributes definedattributes defined

Partial page lifecycle: Partial page lifecycle: Cross-page posts, control call backs ..Cross-page posts, control call backs ..

Asynchronous pageAsynchronous page

ASP.NET v2 Page Framework ASP.NET v2 Page Framework Callback LifecycleCallback Lifecycle

CCControl Control Developer ScenarioDeveloper Scenario

GETGETC-BKC-BK InitializeInitialize

Load StateLoad State

LoadLoad

Pre-renderPre-render

Save StateSave State

RenderRender

UnloadUnload

Raise Callback Event: RaiseCallbackEvent

ASP.NET v2 Page Framework ASP.NET v2 Page Framework Cross-page PostCross-page Post

<%@ page title=“Posted From” %><script runat=“server”> public String TextBoxText { get { return TB.Text; } }</script>.. <asp:textbox runat=‘server” id=“TB” /> <asp:button runat=“server” .. postbackurl=“~/To.aspx” />..===============================================================<@% Page title=“Posted To” %><%@ PreviousPageType virtualPath=“~/From.aspx” %>

<script runat=“server”> protected void Page_Load(object sender, eventArgs e) { if (MyLabel.Text = PreviousPage.TextBoxText; }</script><asp:label runat=‘server” id=“MyLabel” />

ASP.NET v2 Page Framework ASP.NET v2 Page Framework Cross-page Post LifecycleCross-page Post Lifecycle

PPPage Page Developer ScenarioDeveloper Scenario

GETGETPrevPagePrevPage InitializeInitialize

Load State and Load State and Post DataPost Data

LoadLoad

Pre-renderPre-render

Save StateSave State

RenderRender

UnloadUnload

Raise Changed Events Raise Changed Events and Postback Eventand Postback Event

ASP.NET v2 Page FrameworkASP.NET v2 Page FrameworkAsynchronous Page ModelAsynchronous Page Model

3-tier web applications:3-tier web applications:Synchronous pages (v1.x, v2):Synchronous pages (v1.x, v2):

Remote resource (web service, database) is Remote resource (web service, database) is unresponsive threads are blocked unresponsive threads are blocked

Web application may be unresponsive Web application may be unresponsive

Asynchronous pages (v2):Asynchronous pages (v2):Create non-blocking call to access remote Create non-blocking call to access remote resources resources

Isolates issue to pages accessing remote Isolates issue to pages accessing remote resourcesresources

Potential to reduce # threads, improve latency Potential to reduce # threads, improve latency and throughputand throughput

ASP.NET v2 Page FrameworkASP.NET v2 Page FrameworkAsynchronous Page ModelAsynchronous Page Model

V1.x: Pages make sync (blocking) Web V1.x: Pages make sync (blocking) Web Service callsService calls

Can use Can use IHttpAsyncHandlerIHttpAsyncHandler (not a page)(not a page)

V2: New ‘event’ style async pattern V2: New ‘event’ style async pattern Simplifies making async callsSimplifies making async calls

V2: Pages can be async:V2: Pages can be async:‘‘Event’ or BeginXXXX/EndXXXX stylesEvent’ or BeginXXXX/EndXXXX styles

ASP.NET v2 Page FrameworkASP.NET v2 Page FrameworkAsynchronous Page ModelAsynchronous Page Model

<%@ page async=“true” %><script runat=“server”> private String wsResult;

protected void Page_Load(Object s, EventArgs e) { WS ws = new WS(); ws.MethodCompleted += new MethodCompletedEventHandler(this.MyHandler); ws.MethodAsync(); }

void MyHandler(Object s, MethodCompletedEventArgs e) { wsResult = e.Result; } ..</script>

ASP.NET v2 Page Framework ASP.NET v2 Page Framework Async Page LifecycleAsync Page Lifecycle

PPPage Page Developer ScenarioDeveloper ScenarioGET/GET/

POSTPOSTInitializeInitialize

Load State and Load State and Post DataPost Data

LoadLoad

Pre-renderPre-render

Save StateSave State

RenderRender

UnloadUnload

Async Point: Suspension Async Point: Suspension of lifecycleof lifecycle

Raise Changed Events Raise Changed Events and Postback Eventand Postback Event

OnPreRenderCompleteOnPreRenderComplete

Call to Action and SummaryCall to Action and Summary

Scenario OptionsDesign, develop and deployDesign, develop and deploy

No pre-build requiredNo pre-build required

Dynamic compilationDynamic compilation

Deploy and omit 1Deploy and omit 1stst request request penaltypenalty

Pre-compilation (in-place)Pre-compilation (in-place)

Deploy no source codeDeploy no source code Pre-compilation (allow markup Pre-compilation (allow markup changes) and dynamic compilationchanges) and dynamic compilation

Deploy no source code or Deploy no source code or markupmarkup

Pre-compilation (no code or markup Pre-compilation (no code or markup changes)changes)

Deploy and release Deploy and release managementmanagement

Pre-compilation options for Pre-compilation options for fixednames, keyfile ..fixednames, keyfile ..

ResourcesResources

WEB320 ASP.NET Best Practices and Techniques for Migrating ASP.NET 1.x Applications to ASP.NET 2.0

WEB323/324 Overview of ASP.NET 2.0 (Part 1) and (Part2)

WEBC11 Q&A ASYNC, Compilation and other 500+ Level Topics With the Web Platform Development Team

http://www.asp.net

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