Week 10 Overview

Business 86, Medical Terminology

Week 10 Overview Cardiovascular test-correct in

class

Review for midterm using syllabus

pages 95-99

Complete lecture notes for musculoskeletal system pages 101-106- use your book


Week 10 Midterm Review

-para emesis

melan/o jaundice

DNR stomatitis

AIDS proctoscope

IV gastrectomy

PPE ecchymosis

eu- cutane

inter- pil/o

-malacia onychomalacia

Bp cellulitis

-paresis xeroderma


-gen dermatosis -rrhage alopecia -tripsy diaphoresis -pexy nevus -centesis TPN gingivitis NG colostomy abrasion vagotomy trich/o cholecystitis gangrene

List the components of the cardiovascular system


-itis hemi--megaly cirrh/o--rrhea -desistachy- -phagia-plegia dys--phasia brady--emia -oma-oid -osis-cele ante-


Give the medical term for the following:

Left fastResembles stoneright backfalse halfaway uponblack towardsdecrease smallblue differentsame allparalysis betweenremoval visual examination


What is physiology?Name one body plane and tell how it

divides the body.Tell the abbreviations used when dividing

the abdominopelvic area into quadrants. Also give one organ found in each quadrant. You may not use the large colon and only use the small intestine once.

Name the four body cavities.List the levels of organization.


Qd cCBC shs IMABG TPRPRN VSpc QODac TIDUA STATQ,q QIDp aSLE HirstutismTwo functions of the integumentary system


lobectomy arteriosclerosiscarditis hematomatracheostomy laryngospasmthoracentesis Dxpericardium hypotensionpleuritis apneadyspnea bradypneatachypnea O2CAD tachycardiaCHF cardiologistSOB bronchitisHTN myocardiumCXR angina pectorisEKG rhinoplastyCOPD leukocyteTB URI


List three types of blood cells and tell their function.Name the two atrioventricular valves.What is the name of the largest vessel in the body?Which side of the heart receives deoxygenated

blood?Name the four chambers of the heart.Name the four special properties of cardiac cells.Which way do arteries travel? Veins?Define pulse?What is systolic pressure?Name the pacemaker of the heart.


What is the most important test a respiratory therapist performs on a patient?

Name a function of the respiratory system. Name three structures of the respiratory system. What vessels supply the heart? Define internal respiration. What is plasma? What is carbon dioxide? What happens to your heart when you exercise? What is emphysema? What three agents can cause pneumonia? What is atelectasis? Who specializes in the study of immunity? What is anaphylactic shock?


What virus causes mononucleosis?Which hepatitis virus are health care workers most concerned about? Why?

Splenoptosis- splenoma-

Myeloma- myelitis

HIV- PPE-

HBV- HAV-


Musculoskeletal


Week 10 Skeletal System

Function: support, protect, movement, hematopoiesis, and a storehouse for minerals

Medical Terms-Cartilage—chondr/o

Joints- arthr/o

Bone- oste/o

Rib- cost/o


Periosteum-around the bone

Endosteum-Within the bone


Joint- is the articulation of two bones


Types of Joints

Hinge

Pivot

Ball and Socket


Ligaments bind the bones firmly together while allowing movement

Tendons, which are rope like cables, connect a muscle to a bone. The tendon acts like a cable, pulling the bone into the new position as the muscle contracts.

Bursae-Burs/o- sac lining the joint

Synovial-Synovi/o-moveable


Diaphysis- the shaft of the bone

Epiphysis- the end of the bone

Anatomical Landmarks

of Bones


Axial Skeleton- the skull and cage including the pelvisAppendicular Skeleton- the appendages


Flat Irregular

LongShort


Pathology of Skeletal System

Arthralgia -joint pain Ankylosis- stiff joint Arthrodynia- joint pain Bursitis- inflammation of the bursae Carpal tunnel syndrome-pressure on the median

nerve as it enters the hand through a tunnel in the wrist.

Arthritis- inflammation of a joint Rheumatoid arthritis- chronic inflammatory

disease that causes the body's immune system to attack the joints

Osteoarthritis- inflammation of the bone and joint Spondylosis- degenerative processes that affect

the intervertebral disc.


Herniated disk- a slipped disk

Scoliosis- Lateral (sideways) curvature of the spine.


Lordosis- An exaggeration of the forward curve of the lower part of the back, sometimes called sway-back.

Kyphosis- exaggerated outward curvature of the spine- humpback

KyphosisLordosis


Spina Bifida- incomplete closure of the vertebrae Osteomyelitis- Inflammation of the bone, especially

the marrow. Osteomalacia- softening of bone Osteoporosis- A condition that is characterized by a

decrease in bone mass and density, causing bones to become fragile


Rickets- A weakening of the bones due to Vitamin D deficiency

Fracture- FX- a break in a bone Closed Fracture- when the bone breaks under the skin Open fracture- when the bone breaks and protrudes

through the skin


Greenstick fracture- when the bone suffers a crack to only one side, leaving it injured but intact.

Crepitation-A grating or crackling sensation or sound, as that produced by rubbing two fragments of a broken bone together


Procedure of the MS system

Arthrectomy- removal of a jointArthroplasty- surgical repair of a jointArthrodesis- fixation of a jointCraniectomy- removal of part of the

skull


Craniotomy- incision into the skullLaminectomy- Surgical removal of

the lamina of a vertebraAmputation- severing of a body part

Phantom-limb pain- pain felt in a body part that has been amputated

Osteoclasis- rebreaking of a bone


Abbreviations

BKA- below the knee amputation IM- intramuscularAKA- above the knee amputationX-Ray- radiological studySLE- systemic lupus erythematosusT-2- thoracic #2C-1- cervical #1L-3- lumbar #3NSAID- nonsteriodal anti-inflammatory drug


Muscular SystemMuscular tissue refers to all of the contractile

tissue of the body. It includes the cardiac muscle of the heart. The smooth muscles that compose the viscera and the skeletal muscles that attach to bones.

The first two types of muscles are referred to as involuntary, because there is no discretionary control over them. In contrast, the skeletal muscles are voluntary, since their contractions are fully controllable. All muscles, through contraction, provide the body with motion or body posture.


My/o= muscle


Characteristics of Muscles

Antagonistic muscle pairs- the skeletal muscles of the body are arranged in antagonistic airs. One muscle of the pair produces movement in a single direction. The other muscle of the pair produces movement in the opposite direction. When one muscle of the pair is contracted, the other is relaxed.


Terms Contraction-shortening of muscle fibers Relaxation- lengthening of muscle fibers Muscle tone-The natural tension in resting muscles Extension- to straighten a joint Flexion- Bending a joint Adduction- movement toward the midline Abduction- movement away from the midline Elevation- to raise upward Depression- movement downward Suppination- upward Pronation- downward


Fibroma- tumor of fibrous tissueTendonitis- inflammation of a tendonAtaxia- without coordinationDystaxia- difficult coordinationAtrophy- without nourishmentMuscular Dystrophy- A hereditary disease

characterized by progressive weakness caused by degeneration of muscle fibers

PATHOLOGY


Paralysis- without movement Hemiparesis- partial paralysis in one-half of the

body Paraplegia- paralysis of the lower extremities Hemiplegia- paralysis in one-half of the body Quadriplegia- paralysis of all four extremities Myalgia- muscle pain Contracture- permanent immobility of a joint Spasm- twitching


Myocele- swelling of a muscleHernia- protrusion of one

structure into anotherTorticollis- stiff neck

Myosclerosis- hardening of a muscle

Myonecrosis- death of a muscle


PROCEDURES

Myorrhaphy- suture of a muscleMyectomy- removal of a muscle


Abbreviations

MS- musculoskeletalIM- intramuscular


MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM ELEMENTS (use with your textbook for CD-Rom)

ELEMENT MEANINGankyl/o bent, crooked, stiff jointarthr/o jointcalc/o calciumcalcane/o heel bonecarp/o wrist bonecephal/o headcervic/o neckchondr/o cartilagecost/o ribscrani/o skulldist/o far, farthestencephal/o brain


ELEMENT MEANINGfemor/o thighbonefibul/o fibulahumer/o humeruslumb/o lower back, loinmetacarp/o metacarpus (bone of the hand)myel/o spinal cord, bone marrowmy/o muscleoste/o bonepatell/o kneecapproxim/o nearradi/o x-rays, radiationroentgen/o x-rays, radiationsacr/o sacrum


ELEMENT MEANINGspondyl/o vertebra (backbone)stern/o breastbonetend/o tendontibi/o tibiatroph/o nourishment, developmentvertebr/o vertebra (backbone)-blast embryonic cellular development-desis fixation of bone or joint-genesis producing, forming-malacia softening-penia decrease-rrhaphy suture-rrhexis ruptureinter- betweenperi- around


Homework

Study for midterm

Read pages 266-296 (book)

Complete pages 297-308 (book),

Interactive CD

Complete pages 101-106 (syllabus

using book)

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Week 10 Overview

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