Week 2: WINDOWS PROGRAMMING

C#4.0Week 2:

WINDOWS PROGRAMMING

Chapter 15 in “Beginning Visual C# 2010” ebook Chapter 4 in “”MCTS_Self-Paced_Training_Kit”

ebook

C#4.0Week 2:

WINDOWS PROGRAMMING

Working with Windows Forms

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CONTROLS

When you work with Windows Forms, you are working with the

System.Windows.Forms namespace Most controls in .NET derive from the

System.Windows.Forms.Control class Many of these classes are themselves base

classes for other controls, as is the case with the Label and TextBoxBase classes

Windows Programming 1 Basic Windows Programming Slide 3

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CONTROLS


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PropertiesCommon Control Class Properties


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PropertiesCommon Control Class Properties


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Adding Controls to a Windows Form

Adding Controls by Using the Windows Forms Designer

Adding Controls Programmatically


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Adding Controls Programmatically

1. Create a private variable to represent each of the controls you want to place on the form

2. In the form, place code to instantiate each control and to customize each control, using its properties, methods, or events.

3. Add each control to the forms control collection.


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Exam (page 113)


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Handling Control Events Add controls to a Windows form.

Set properties on controls. Load controls dynamically. Write code to handle control events and add the code

to a control.


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Handling Control Events_Ex


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HANDLING CONTROL EVENTS


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HANDLING CONTROL EVENTS


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COMMON WINDOWS FORMSCONTROLS

Control Description Label An area in which icons or uneditable text can be

displayed. TextBox An area in which the user inputs data from the keyboard.

The area also can display information. Button An area that triggers an event when clicked.

CheckBox A GUI control that is either selected or not selected.

ComboBox A drop-down list of items from which the user can make a selection, by clicking an item in the list or by typing into the box, if permitted.

ListBox An area in which a list of items is displayed from which the user can make a selection by clicking once on any element. Multiple elements can be selected.

Panel A container in which components can be placed.

ScrollBar Allows the user to access a range of values that cannot normally fit in its container.


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Naming Rules Always use standard names for objects No spaces or punctuation marks 3 letter lowercase prefix identifies control type

Button-btnLabel-lblForm-frm

If multiple words capitalize 1st letter of each word Each object name is an identifier

Can contain letters, digits, and underscores (_) Cannot start with digits Can start with the at symbol (@)


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Recommended Naming

Object Class Prefix ExampleForm frm frmDataEntry

Button btn btnExit

TextBox txt txtPaymentAmount

Label lbl lblTotal

Radio Button rad radBold

CheckBox chk chkPrintSummary

PictureBox pic picLandscape

ComboBox cbo cboBookList

ListBox lst lstIndegredients

GroupBox grb grbColor


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Windows Forms

Windows Forms is the basic building block of the UI

It provides a container that hosts controls and menus and enables you to present an application in a familiar and consistent fashion

You can add and configure additional forms at design time, or you can create instances of predesigned forms in code at run time.


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Windows FormsSome Properties of the Form Class


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Setting the Title of the Form

To change the title of a form at run time, set the Text property of the form in code, as shown in the following code:


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Setting the Border Style of the Form


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Specifying the Startup Location of the Form


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Keeping a Form on Top of the User Interface

TopMost = True FormBorderStyle = None; StartPosition = CenterToScreen;


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Opacity and Transparency in Forms

The Opacity property to create striking visual effects in your form

Values between 0 percent and 100 percent result in a partially transparent form


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Setting the Startup Form 1. In Solution Explorer, double-click

Program.cs to view the code. The code window opens.

2. Locate the Main method and then locate the line that reads:

Application.Run(new Form()); where Form represents the name of the form that is currently the startup form.

3. Change Form to the name of the form you want to set as the startup form.


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Control Properties and Layout

Common properties Derive from class Control Text property

Specifies the text that appears on a control Focus method

Transfers the focus to a control Becomes active control

Enable property Indicate a control’s accessibility


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Control Properties and Layout Visibility control

Hide control from user Anchor property

Anchoring control to specific location (corner) Unanchored control moves relative to the position Docking allows control to spread itself along and

entire side Both options refer to the parent container


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Fig. 12.11 Anchoring demonstration.

Constant distance to left and top sides

Before resize After resize


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Fig. 12.12 Manipulating the Anchor property of a control.

Darkened bar indicates to which wall control is anchored

Click down-arrow in Anchor property to display anchoring window


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Fig. 12.13 Docking demonstration.

Control expands along top portion of the form


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Common Layout Properties Description

Common Properties

Anchor Side of parent container at which to anchor control—values can be combined, such as Top, Left.

Dock Side of parent container to dock control—values cannot be combined.

Location Location of the upper-left corner of the control, relative to it’s container.

Size Size of the control. Takes a Size structure, which has properties Height and Width.

MinimumSize, MaximumSize (for Windows Forms)

The minimum and maximum size of the form.

Fig. 12.14 Class Control layout properties.


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WINDOWS PROGRAMMING

Controls for displaying information to the user

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Labels and LinkLabel controls Labels : The standard Windows label LinkLabel: A label similar to the standard one

but that presents itself as an Internet link (a hyperlink) You don’t need to add event handling code for a

standard Label Some extra code is needed to enable users clicking it to

go to the target of the LinkLabel


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Common Label Control Properties


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Common Label Control Properties


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WINDOWS PROGRAMMING

Controls that enable users of your application to enter text,

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TextBoxes and RichTextBox

The .NET Framework comes with two basic controls to take text input from users:

TextBox and RichTextBox. Both controls are derived from a base class called

TextBoxBase, which itself is derived from Control.


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Common TextBox Control Properties


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Common TextBox Control Properties


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THE RICHTEXTBOX CONTROL

Like the normal TextBox, the RichTextBox control is derived from TextBoxBase

Whereas a TextBox is commonly used for the purpose of obtaining short text strings from the user

The RichTextBox is used to display and enter formatted text (e.g., bold, underline, and italic). It does so using a standard for formatted text called Rich Text Format, or RTF.


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Common RichTextBox Control Properties


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Common RichTextBox Control Properties


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WINDOWS PROGRAMMING

Controls for displaying pictures

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The PictureBox Control

The PictureBox control is the basic control used for displaying images in the user interface, and it can display pictures in a variety of formats, including .bmp, .jpg, .gif, metafiles, and icons.


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At run time, you can set the Image property to an instance of an image, as shown in the following example:


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Week 2: WINDOWS PROGRAMMING

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