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Week 3_Product Dev & Process Design_RFH

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    : /eek 02 Par t A roduct Development

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    Produsen perahu terbesar ketiga di dunia. Menggunakan CAD (Computer-Aided Design)

    reduced product development time reduced problems with tooling reduced problems in production

    Assembly line

    Strategi produk yang baik merupakan kuncikeberhasilan Perusahaan unggulan hanya berkonsentrasi

    pada beberapa produk.

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    3

    Product Strategy Options

    Rapid response Product diffrentiation Low cost

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    Product Life Cycle

    ,

    Sales

    Cost

    Profit

    Introduct ion Maturity Declinerowth

    ost ofDevelopment

    & Manufacture ales Revenue

    Time

    Cash flowLoss

    Profit

    , , ,roduct Life Cycle Sales Cost andProfi t

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    5

    Product Life CycleIntroduction

    Fine tuning research product development process modification and

    enhancement supplier development

    ,

    Sales

    Cost

    Profit

    Introduct ion Maturi ty Decl inerowth

    ost ofDevelopment& Manufacture a le s R ev en ue

    Time Cash flowLoss

    Profit

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    6

    Product Life CycleGrowth

    Product design begins to stabilize Effective forecasting of capacity

    becomes necessary Adding or enhancing capacity may

    be necessary

    ,

    Sales

    Cost

    Profit

    Introduct ion Maturi ty Decl inerowth

    ost ofDevelopment& Manufacture a le s R ev en ue

    Time Cash flowLoss

    Profit

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    7

    Product Life CycleMaturity

    Competitors now established High volume, innovative production

    may be needed Improved cost control, reduction in

    options, paring down of product line

    ,

    Sales

    Cost

    Profit

    Introduct ion Maturi ty Decl inerowth

    ost ofDevelopment& Manufacture a le s R ev en ue

    Time Cash flowLoss

    Profit

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    PowerPoint presentation to accompany 2004 by Prentice Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, N.J. 07458 8

    Product Life CycleDecline

    Unless product makes a specialcontribution, must plan toterminate offering

    ,

    Sales

    Cost

    Prof

    it

    Introduction Maturi ty Declinerowth

    ost ofDevelopment

    & Manufacture a le s R ev en ue

    Time Cash flowLoss

    Profit

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    Analisis Produk BerdasarkanNilai

    Pilih produk yang menjanjikan (PrinsipPareto)

    Sumber daya diinvestasikan padapermasalahan yang sedikit tapi penting,daripada banyak tapi sepele.

    Analisis produk berdasarkan nilai ( product-

    by-value analysis) , yaitu mengurutkanproduk secara menurun berdasarkankontribusi rupiah bagi perusahaan.

    Keputusan manajemen

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    dalah perusahaan yang sedekat m

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    -ahap Tahap Dalam Pengembangan ProdukIde dari banyak sumber

    Apakah perusahaan mampu melaksanakan ide?

    Persyaratan pelanggan untuk memenangkan pesanan

    Spesifikasi fungsional:Bagaimana produk bisa berfungsi?

    Peninjauan Desain :Apakah spesifikasi produk memenuhi keinginan pelanggan

    Evaluasi (berhasil?)

    Pengenalan ke pasar

    Spesifikasi produk:Bagaimana produk akan dibuat?

    Pengujian Pasar : Apakah produk memenuhi harapan pelanggan?

    Cakupan ke rja tim desain dan rekayasaan kerja tim pengembangan produk

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    Quality Function Deployment(QFD)

    Identify customer wants Identify how the good/service will satisfy

    customer wants Relate customer wants to product hows Identify relationships between the firms hows Develop importance ratings

    Evaluate competing products

    Q FD m e ru p a ka n p ro se s m e n e ta p k a n p e rm in ta a n

    (p ela n g g an Ke in g in an )pelanggan dan

    m e n e rje m a h k a n ke in g in a n p e la n g g a n ke d a la m

    ( )a trib u t cara ya n g d a p at d ip ah a m i d an d ila ksan aka n

    .o le h se tia p b a g ia n fu n g sio n a l

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    QFD House of Quality:ontoh kasus KAMERA

    1

    2

    3

    5

    4

    6

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    House of Quality Example

    Youve beenassigned temporarilyto a QFD team. Thegoal of the team is todevelop a newcamera design.Build a House of Quality.

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    House of Quality Example

    High relationship Medium relationship Low Relations

    CustomerRequirements

    CustomerImportance

    Target Values

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    House of Quality Example

    High relationship Medium relationship Low Relationsh

    arget Values

    Light weight Easy to use

    Reliable

    What the customer ( ) desires wall

    AluminumParts

    AutoFocus

    AutoExposure

    CustomerRequirements

    CustomerImportance

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    House of Quality Example

    High relationship Medium relationship Low Relationship

    CustomerRequirements

    CustomerImportance

    arget Values

    Light weight Easy to use

    Reliable

    Aluminum

    Parts

    AutoFocus

    AutoExposure

    3

    1

    2

    Average customer importance rating

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    House of Quality Example

    High relationship Medium relationship Low Relationship

    CustomerRequirements

    CustomerImportance

    Light weight Easy to use

    Reliable

    AluminumParts

    AutoFocus

    AutoExposure

    3

    2

    1

    Relationship between & customer attributes engineering

    ( ) characteristics rooms

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    House of Quality Example

    High relationship Medium relationship Low Relationsh

    CustomerRequirements

    CustomerImportance

    arget Values

    Light weight Easy to use

    Reliable

    Aluminum

    Parts

    AutoFocus

    AutoExposur

    e3

    2

    15 1 1

    a r g e t v a l u e s f o r n g i n e e r i n g h a r a c t e r i s t i c s

    ( ) ;a s e m e n t

    e y o u t p u t

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    : /eek 02 Par t B rocess Design

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    :el l From a Low Cost PC Maker to an n nov at iv e C om pa ny

    How can we make the process of buying How can we make the process of buyinga computer better? a computer better?

    19881988 -Sell custom built PCs directly to-Sell custom built PCs directly to

    consumerconsumer

    ,Build computers rapidly at low,Build computers rapidly at low,cost and only when ordered,cost and only when ordered

    Integrate the Web into every aspect Integrate the Web into every aspect of its business of its business

    Focus research on software designed Focus research on software designed to make installation and to make installation and configuration of its PCs fast and configuration of its PCs fast and

    simplesimple

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    Strategi Proses

    Strategi proses (Process Strategy) ataudisebut juga strategi transformasi adalahsebuah pendekatan organisasi untukmengubah sumber daya menjadi barang dan

    jasa

    Tujuan strategi proses adalah menemukansuatu cara memproduksi barang dan jasayang memenuhi persyaratan pelanggan danspesifikasi produk yang ada dalam batasanbiaya dan manajerial lainnya.

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    Empat Strategy Proses (1)

    1) Fokus pada proses; Sebuah fasilitas produksi yang diorganisasikan di

    sekitar proses-proses untuk memfasilitasiproduksi bervolume rendah, tetapikeragamannya tinggi. (Job Shop)

    Contoh; dalam sebuah pabrik terdiri daridepartemen pengelasan, pengecatan, danpenghalusan. Atau dalam sebuah kantor terdiridari bagian utang, bagian penjualan, bagian

    pembayaran. Fasilitas yang ada terfokus pada proses

    (process focused) dalam hal peralatan, tataletak dan pengawasan.

    Tingkat fleksibilitas tinggi seiring produk-produkan ber indah sesaat di antara roses an

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    Empat Strategy Proses

    2) Fokus Berulang ; Proses produksi yang menggunakan modul yang

    berorientasi pada produk atau memilikistandar proses yang digunakan terusmenerus.

    Modul merupakan bagian atau komponen yangtelah dipersiapkan sebelumnya yang seringberada dalam proses yang kontinu.

    Contoh ; Pada perusahaan makanan siap saji,modul yang dimaksud adalah daging, keju,saos tomat, bawang untuk dirakit menjadiberaneka ragam burger.

    Volume rendah , keanekaragaman tinggi

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    Empat Strategy Proses

    3) Fokus pada produk; Volume tinggi tapi keberagamannya rendah. Proses ini disebut juga proses kontinu karena

    memiliki lintasan produksi yang panjang dankontinu

    Contohnya; pembuatan kertas dan pelayananrumah sakit

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    Empat Strategy Proses

    4) Fokus kustomisasi massal; Produksi cepat dan murah yang memenuhi

    keinginan pelanggan yang unik dan selaluberubah.

    Bukan hanya mengenai keragaman, tetapi jugacara ekonomis mengetahui apa yangdiinginkan pelanggan dan kapan pelangganmenginginkan dengan tepat

    Contoh; industri telekomunikasi dengan beragamlayanan

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    References

    Jay Heizer, Barry Render.(2011).Operation Management , 10 th Edition. Pearson

    (Ch.05 & 07)

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    Info Tambahan

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    House of Quality SequenceIndicates How to Deploy

    Resources to Achieve CustomerRequirements

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    Customer RequirementsStage

    Identifies & positions key productbenefits

    Stated in core benefitsproposition (CBP)

    Example: Long lasting with morepower(Sears Die Hard Battery)

    Identifies detailed list of product attributesdesired by customer

    Focus groups or1-on-1 interviews

    House of Quality

    Customer Requirements

    ProductCharacteristics

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    Functional SpecificationStage

    Defines product in terms of how the product would meetdesired attributes

    Identifies products engineeringcharacteristics

    Example: printer noise (dB) Prioritizes engineering

    characteristics

    May rate product comparedto competitors

    House of QualityHouse of Quality

    Customer Requirements

    Product

    Characteristics

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    Product Specification Stage

    Determines how product will be made Gives products physical specifications

    Example: Dimensions, material etc.

    Defined by engineeringdrawing

    Done often on computer Computer-AidedDesign (CAD)

    House of QualityHouse of Quality

    ProductCharacteristics

    ComponentSpecifications

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    Quality FunctionDeployment

    Product design process usingcross-functional teams Marketing, engineering, manufacturing

    Translates customer preferences intospecific product characteristics Involves creating 4 tabular Matrices

    or Houses Breakdown product design into

    increasing levels of detail

    7 Te n Pengem angan Desa n

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    7 Te n Pengem angan Desa nProduk

    1) Robust design (Desain Tangguh)Artinya:Meskipun produk dirancang sedemikian rupa sehingga ada sedikit

    variasi pada produksi atau perakitan tidak bedampak banyak pada produkakhirnya.2) Time-based competition, persaingan yang dipengaruhi waktu,

    mengembankan produknya dengan cepat dan melemparkannya ke pasar.3) Modular design (Desain Moduler),

    Produk yang dirancang dalam komponen yang tersegmentasi dengan

    mudah. Desain moduler menawarkan fleksibilitas pada produksi danpemasaran.

    4) Computer-Aided Design (CAD)Penggunaan komputer untuk merancang produk secara interaktif dan

    mempersiapkan dokumen teknis.5) Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM), penggunaan program komputer

    khusus untuk memandu dan mengendalikan peralatan produksi. Saatinformasi diterjemahkan menjadi instruksi untuk CAM, hasil dari keduateknologi itu disebut CAD/CAM.

    6) Value analysis, suatu tinjauan atas produk yang berhasil yang dilakukanselama proses produksi.

    7) Environmentally friendly design,


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