Week 4- Ch. 10- Critical Thinking

Airgas templateChapter 10
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ANA Definitions of Nursing
Provision of a caring relationship that facilitates health and healing
Attention to the range of human experiences and responses to health and illness within the patient’s physical and social environments
Integration of assessment data with knowledge gained from an appreciation of the patient or group’s subjective experience
Application of scientific knowledge to the processes of diagnosis and treatment through the use of judgment and critical thinking
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ANA Definitions of Nursing (cont.)
Advancement of professional nursing knowledge through scholarly inquiry
Influence on social and public policy to promote social justice
Assurance of safe, quality, and evidence-based practice
Thoughtful Person-Centered Practice
Awareness of self to develop a therapeutic relationship
Clinical reasoning, judgment, and decision making
Analyze, make judgments, take action
Person-centered nursing process
The nurse’s action in response to individual clinical need
10 Guiding Principles of Person-Centered Care
All team members are considered caregivers.
Care is based on continuous healing relationships.
Care is customized and reflects patient needs, values, and choices.
Knowledge and information are freely shared between and among patients, care partners, physicians, and other caregivers.
Care is provided in a healing environment of comfort, peace, and support.
10 Guiding Principles of Person-Centered Care (cont.)
Families and friends of the patient are considered an essential part of the care team.
Patient safety is a visible priority.
Transparency is the rule in the care of the patient.
All caregivers cooperate with one another through a common focus on the best interests and personal goals of the patient.
The patient is the source of control for one’s care.
Beliefs of the International Association of Human Caring
Caring is the human mode of being.
Caring is the essence of nursing and the moral imperative that guides nursing practice.
Caring is both spiritual and human consciousness that connects and transforms everything in the universe.
Caring in nursing is action and competencies that aim toward the good and welfare of others.
Caring in nursing is a special way of being, knowing, and doing with the goal of protection, enhancement, and preservation of human dignity.
Care is culturally diverse and universal, and provides the broadest and most important means to study and explain nursing knowledge and nursing care practices.
The Professional Nurse
Critical Thinking
An organized method of concentrating one’s thinking in order to problem solve and attain results
Four areas of critical thinking are sometimes thought to be:
Thought
Blended Competencies
Purpose of thinking
Adequacy of knowledge
Blended Competencies (cont.)
Developing technical competencies
Hands on skills
Developing interpersonal competencies
Establishing caring relationships
Developing ethical/legal competencies
Report incompetent, illegal, or unethical practice
QSEN Competencies
Knowledge, skills, and attitudes (KSA)
Person-centered care
Problem Solving
Critical thinking: intuitive, logical, or both?
Potential errors in decision making may include:
Bias
Impatience
Historical Development of the Nursing Process
1955: Nursing process term used by Hall
1960s: Specific steps delineated
1967: Yura and Walsh published first comprehensive book on nursing process
1973: ANA Congress for Nursing Practice developed Standard of Practice
1982: State board examinations for professional nursing uses nursing process as organizing concept
Five Steps of the Nursing Process
Assessing: collecting, validating, and communicating patient data
Diagnosing: analyzing patient data to identify patient strengths and problems
Planning: specifying patient outcomes and related nursing interventions
Implementing: carrying out the plan of care
Evaluating: measuring extent to which patient achieved outcomes
Characteristics of the Nursing Process
Systematic: part of an ordered sequence of activities
Dynamic: great interaction and overlapping among the five steps
Interpersonal: human being is always at the heart of nursing
Outcome oriented: nurses and patients work together to identify outcomes
Universally applicable: a framework for all nursing activities
Benefits of the Nursing Process
Patient
Continuity of care
Nurse
Opportunity to grow professionally
Steps in Concept Mapping
Analyze and categorize data.
Analyze nursing diagnoses relationships.
Evaluate patient’s responses.
Reflective Practice
Reflection in action
Happens in the here and now of the activity and is also known as “thinking on your feet.”
Reflection on action
Occurs after the fact and involves thinking through a situation that has occurred in the past.
Reflection for action

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Week 4- Ch. 10- Critical Thinking

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