IPv6 : Internet Protocol version 6

Tchenagnon Boko BSIT 350

What is IPv6• IPv6 is a connectionless network protocol layer 3

of the OSI model • IPv6 is the culmination of the work within the IETF

in 1990 as the successor to IPv4 and specifications were completed in December 1998

• With 128-bit addresses instead of 32 bits, IPv6 has a much larger address space than IPv4. This considerable amount of addresses allows greater flexibility in assigning addresses and better aggregation of routes in the Internet routing table.

• Address translation, which was made popular by the lack of IPv4 addresses is no longer necessary!

7 Application

6 Présentation

5 Session

4 Transport

3 Réseau

2 Liaison

1 Physique

Global Shortage of IP addresses

Need a fair and equitable policy for allocation of the remaining IPv4 address space

Continued rapid growth of the Internet, IP addresses have greater demand

Despite NAT, IPv4 addresses expected to run out in the next few years

Now, deployment of IPv6 has become an urgent global issue

Public policy concern on IPv6 is “The smooth migration from IPv4 to IPv6”

Reasons for its creation

InternetProtocol

Number / Address

Number / Address

5 RIRs

LIR / ISPs

End Users

IP Addresses connect the Internet

Internet Addressing

Why is IPv6 Here :

• IPv6 provides a platform for new Internet functionality that will be needed in the immediate future, and provide flexibility for further growth and expansion.

IPv6 Greatly expanded

address space (2128)

More attractive forfuture Internet applications

compared to IPv4

Potential socio-economic benefits for

ubiquity of the Internet ;China’s Next Generation Internet – 2008 Olympics

Multi Access: Enhanced life mobility

IP Next Generation Protocol

How IPv6 works :• IPv6 is technology with a main focus on changing the structure of

current IP addresses, which will allow for virtually unlimited IP addresses.

• The current version, IPv4 is a growing concern with the limited IP addresses, making it a fear that they will run out in the future.

• IPv6 will also have a goal to make the Internet a more secure place for browsers, and with the rapid number of identity theft victims, this is a key feature.

• Efficient and hierarchical addressing and routing infrastructure- based on the common occurrence of multiple levels of Internet service providers.

Features of IPv6 :

• Addressing• Header• Security• Privacy• Auto configuration• Routing• Quality of Service• Expanded addressing and routing capabilities

– 128-bit addresses– Multicast routing is now scalable with “scope” field– Defined usage of “Any cast” addressing

Features of IPv6 :

• Simplified header format– Some IPv4 fields dropped or made optional– IPv6 packet header only twice the size of v4 header, even though address is four times a v4 address

• Extension headers– “Options” are now placed in separate headers– “Options” are now any length– Router doesn’t have to look at most “Options”*

IPv6 versus IPv4 :• No Broadcast in IPv6

– Replaced by Multicast– Multicast scope provides flexibility

• Uncontrolled fragmentation in IPv4– Only a source node can fragment IPv6– Limits packet size to minimum MTU in path (Maximum Transmission Unit)

• Other features inherent to IPv6- Security encryption- Header encryption- Sender authentication- Privacy

IPv6 vs IPv4 Header

IPv6 IPv4

IPv6 Terminology :• Node – A device that implements IPv6.

– A node can be a host or a router– A node can be an entertainment system– A node can be a PDA or cell phone

• Router – A node that forwards IPv6 packets not explicitly addressed to itself.– Routers operate at the Network Layer– Routers use metrics to determine optimal paths which network traffic should be forwarded

Emergence of mobiles as platform for wireless Internet access especially in developing countries will put more pressure on the IP address space

Require a larger IP address space to enable wireless networking & mobility

IPv6 is emerging as the preferred platform and is a core component of the wireless Internet architecture (3G & Beyond 3G)

IPv6 protocol provides the availability & extensibility of IP addresses : Large-scale sensor networks, IP Security, Mobile IPv6, IP-based Multimedia

Need for fair and equitable policies for the management/allocation on IPv6

IPv6 Deployment: Essential for wireless Internet

Current & future challenges of wireless Internet require IPv6

IPv6 Today

IT Community Support

• IPv6 Supported by every major OS vendor• Majority of network hardware manufacturers have IPv6

implementations• Many core network services have support, particularly in the Open

Source community• Smart device manufacturers have already developed products that

leverage v6

IPv6 Today

OS Support for IPv6

• Current operating systems that have IPv6 support- HP-UX 11i- Linux (Red hat, Mandrake, Debi an, Susie)- BSD flavors (Free, Net, Open)- Sun Solaris 8 and 9- Windows 2000 and XP

- IBM AIX (since release 4.3)

IPv6 Today

IPv6 Applications Support

• Number of v6 applications growing• Services currently available:

- DNS, some DHCPv6- Web (Server and browsers)- E-mail (server - client availability still missing)- Basic functions (FTP, Telnet, SSH, Ident,Whois, News)

• Commercial firewalls now available.

IPv6 organizations available today :

• www.ipv6forum.net• www.v6pc.jp• www.ipv6-taskforce.org• www.hs247.com• www.ipv6.org

Thank You