WELCOME WELCOME
Sensor Network Applications in Rural Areas
Arun Jose
07331002CSRE, IIT BOMBAY
INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
�� Issues and problems in rural areas Issues and problems in rural areas
�� Technology transfer and sustainable Technology transfer and sustainable development are neededdevelopment are needed
�� For decision making timely data collection For decision making timely data collection is essential is essential
�� The current level of data collection is not The current level of data collection is not efficient and sufficientefficient and sufficient
�� Sensor Network Technology helps in Sensor Network Technology helps in obtaining data in real time modeobtaining data in real time mode
System architectureSystem architecture
System architectureSystem architecture
Standard construction of Wireless Sensor Network in an agricultuStandard construction of Wireless Sensor Network in an agricultural ral
field field (Source: (Source: FukatsuFukatsu et al.,2004)et al.,2004)
Sensor Network
�Sensors�Wireless LAN�Camera�Web Server�Power source
Sensors available 1. 1. AirAir--TemperatureTemperature
2. Relative Humidity2. Relative Humidity3. Solar Radiation3. Solar Radiation4. Soil Moisture in 3depths(Surface,10 cm & 30cm) 4. Soil Moisture in 3depths(Surface,10 cm & 30cm)
5. Soil Temperature in 3 depths5. Soil Temperature in 3 depths
6. Wind Speed 6. Wind Speed
7. Leaf Wetness7. Leaf Wetness8. Air8. Air--PressurePressure9. CO9. CO22 ConcentrationConcentration
10. N,P, and K concentration 10. N,P, and K concentration
Wireless LANWireless LAN
�� A wireless LAN provides a highA wireless LAN provides a high--speed speed
transmission network for the data collected transmission network for the data collected
by the sensors.by the sensors.
CameraCamera
Web serverWeb server
•• Web server is a software which gives Web server is a software which gives
Web information to a client Web information to a client
•• We can access the web server by using We can access the web server by using web browser such as Internet Explorerweb browser such as Internet Explorer
Power SourcesPower Sources
Ubiquitous Networking Ubiquitous Networking
using Sensor Networkusing Sensor Network
Farmer's market
Greenhouse house
FTTH,ADSL
i-Space
FiledServer
Farmer's restaurant
Mountain
Hotspot Wireless relay communication
Farm inn
Field or Forest
Camping site
Amenity farm Organic farm Fishing spot
(Source:http://model.job.affrc.go.jp/FieldServer/documents/CIGR2004paper.pdf)
Network Camera
Temp. Sensor,Humidity Sensor
Ventilation Outlet
Solar Radiation Sensor
Devices inside Body
・CPU・CPU・CPU・CPU・・・・Wireless LAN Card・・・・Memory
Commercial SensorsCommercial Sensors
Sensors with Solar PanelsSensors with Solar Panels
(Source: (Source: http://www.agnet.org/library/pt/2004033/) http://www.agnet.org/library/pt/2004033/)
(Source: http://www.agnet.org/library/pt/2004033/)(Source: http://www.agnet.org/library/pt/2004033/)
Sensor installed at IITB
Agricultural Sensor Network Agricultural Sensor Network installed in installed in SulaSula Vineyard Vineyard
(Source (Source http://http://www.ee.iitb.ac.in/spannwww.ee.iitb.ac.in/spann//))
APPLICATIONS OF SENSORS IN RURAL APPLICATIONS OF SENSORS IN RURAL
AREAAREA
(1)(1) Environmental monitoringEnvironmental monitoring
(2) Agriculture(2) Agriculture
(3) Food industry(3) Food industry
(4) MetBroker(4) MetBroker
1. Environmental monitoring1. Environmental monitoring
oo For weather monitoringFor weather monitoring
oo For the optimal use of fertilizers in the fieldFor the optimal use of fertilizers in the field
2. Agriculture2. Agriculture
2.1 Precision agriculture 2.1 Precision agriculture
2.2 Green house applications2.2 Green house applications
2.3 Farm machinery automation 2.3 Farm machinery automation
2.4 Poultry and animal husbandry 2.4 Poultry and animal husbandry applicationsapplications
2.1 Precision agriculture2.1 Precision agriculture
�� Doing the right thing, in the right place, in Doing the right thing, in the right place, in
the right way, at right time in agriculturethe right way, at right time in agriculture
�� Needs modern technologyNeeds modern technology
Precision Agricultural Cycle Precision Agricultural Cycle
(Source:http://www1.agric.gov.ab.ca/$department/deptdocs.nsf/all(Source:http://www1.agric.gov.ab.ca/$department/deptdocs.nsf/all/sag1/sag1
951?opendocument)951?opendocument)
Application of Sensors in Precision Application of Sensors in Precision AgricultureAgriculture
�� Spatial data collectionSpatial data collection
�� Precision irrigationPrecision irrigation
�� Precision fertigation and Precision fertigation and
�� Disease and insect pest managementDisease and insect pest management
Spatial data collectionSpatial data collection
�� soil water availabilitysoil water availability
�� soil fertilitysoil fertility
�� leaf area indexleaf area index
�� leaf temperatureleaf temperature
�� leaf chlorophyll contentleaf chlorophyll content
�� plant water statusplant water status
�� local climate datalocal climate data
�� insectinsect--diseasedisease--weed infestationweed infestation
�� grain yield, etc.grain yield, etc.
Precision irrigationPrecision irrigation
�� Water is very scarce Water is very scarce
�� To conserve water and to increase the To conserve water and to increase the
yield yield
�� Sensors are very useful in irrigation Sensors are very useful in irrigation scheduling scheduling
Precision FertigationPrecision Fertigation
�� Fertilizer should be applied at proper time Fertilizer should be applied at proper time
and in proper quantityand in proper quantity
�� By using sensors, we can achieve very By using sensors, we can achieve very
high application efficiency high application efficiency
Disease and Insect Pest Disease and Insect Pest
ManagementManagement
�� Digital camera attached with the sensor Digital camera attached with the sensor will continuously monitor the cropwill continuously monitor the crop
�� By knowing leaf wetness we can forecast By knowing leaf wetness we can forecast the diseases the diseases
�� By using web server we can provide By using web server we can provide information on pest and disease information on pest and disease infestation infestation
2.2 Green house applications2.2 Green house applications
To monitor To monitor
temperature, relative humidity, and COtemperature, relative humidity, and CO22
concentrations inside the green house concentrations inside the green house
2.3 Farm machinery automation2.3 Farm machinery automation
Mobile Sensor
3. Food Industry Applications3. Food Industry Applications
�� Real time temperature measurement forReal time temperature measurement for
-- thermal sterilization, irradiation, etc thermal sterilization, irradiation, etc
�� Bacterial concentration in food products Bacterial concentration in food products
can also be sensedcan also be sensed
4. Application of Field Servers in 4. Application of Field Servers in
MetBrokerMetBroker
•• MetBroker MetBroker -- MetBroker is a middleware for MetBroker is a middleware for weather data that provides agricultural models weather data that provides agricultural models with consistent access to many different weather with consistent access to many different weather
databases databases
•• Sensors can be used as a data input in Sensors can be used as a data input in MetBrokerMetBroker
•• Real time data can be accessed using internet Real time data can be accessed using internet enabled cellular phones enabled cellular phones
Components of MetBroker Components of MetBroker
((Source:http://www.agmodel.net/projects/metbroker.htmlSource:http://www.agmodel.net/projects/metbroker.html) ) Slide 50Slide 50
Decision MakingDecision Making
Remote Sensing Data Field Server Data
Geographic Information System
GPS Data Models
Thank You