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WELCOME TO

You are

here now

MAMAN TURJAMAN, LINCAH ANDADARI, YETTI HARYATI, ASMALIYAH,

LIS NURRANI, A. D. SUNANDAR, BENY RAHMANTO, E.SANTOSO,

P. B. SANTOSA, NOOR KHOMSAH K., ASEP HIDAYAT, A. SUKITO, A.

SUDONO, RIZKI MAHARANI, A. FERNANDES, L. AGUSTINI,S.A. FAULINA,

SAHWALITA, R.S.B. IRIANTO, NINA MINDAWATI

RRPI 6 (Plans of R&D INTEGRATIVE-6)

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China India

Egypt

(Naeem et al., 2012)

BACK GROUND

VARIOUS

DISEASES OF

HUMAN

Medicinal

Plants & Herbal

from Forests

5000 BC

2500 BC

800 BC

160 of herbal products “made in china” contain agarwood

DRAGON BLOODS

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Medicinal plant & herbal products

Policy and Strategy Implementation of research on those areas mandated in National Long-Term Development Plan (RPJPN 2005-2025), as follows:

1. Food and Agriculture

2. Energy, Renewable Energy

3. Health and Medicine

4. Transportation

5. Telecomunication, information & communication (TIC)

6. Agriculture technology

7. Advance Materials

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How many Institutes do study on medicinal

plants and herbals in Indonesia ?

Ministry of

Health

Ministry of

Agriculture

Ministry of

Environment

& Forestry

National/

Private

Universities

Private

Companies

FORDA

FRI BGR

FRI ANU

FRI PLB

FRI SMB

FRI SMD

FRI MTR

FRI MND

FRI KUP

UI

ITB

IPB

UNPAD

UGM

UNDIP

UB

UNAIR

ATMAJAYA

TRISAKTI

TG PURA

USU, ETC.

Institutes R&D

for Agriculture

R&D-Balitro

Research Stations

Institutes R&D

for Health

Research Centres

BPOM etc

Kalbe Farma

Biofarma

Jamu co.

Etc.

UPSTREAM RESEARCH DOWNSTREAM RESEARCH

To support the use of medicinal

plants and herbals in a sustainable

manner, it is necessary to research

and development of alternative

species of medicinal plants and

herbals in tropical forests of

Indonesia

Plans of R&D Integrative 6 (RPPI 6)

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STATE OF THE ART 1913-1922 K. Heyne: “De Nuttige Planten van Naderlansch-Indie- 4 volumes

(The Curative and preventive uses of plant material of Indonesia

1953 Van Steenis-Kruseman:Select Indonesian Medicinal Plants based

on historical literature

1999 PROSEA – Medicinal and Poisonous Plants Plant Resources of Southeast Asia

THEY WERE FOCUS ON NON-TIMBER FOREST PRODUCTS :

PLANS OF R&D INTEGRATIVE - NTFPs (2010 – 2014)

157 study of ethnobotany

STATE OF THE ART

1. Masohi (Cryptocaria massoia) 2. Tengkawang (Shorea stenoptera) 3. Rotan jernang (Daemonorops draco) 4. Ganitri (Elaeocarpus ganitrus) 5. Bidara laut (Strychnos ligustrina) 6. Mimba (Azadirachta indica)(note: study of silviculture intensive) 7. Kulilawang (Cinamommum cullilawan) 8. Kilemo (Litsea cubeba) 9. Pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia)

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Preliminary: commodity handling of medicinal plants and herbals in the aspect of

exploration, distribution and potential, identification and utilization prospects

for the genetic conservation aspects are endangered;

Intermediate: commodity handling medicinal plants and herbals focused on breeding,

cultivation of post-harvest handling and processing; and

Advance: commodity handling of medicinal plants and herbals which are focused on

improving the quality, diversification and competitiveness, sustainable

management of.

PLANS of R&D INTEGRATIVE 6 (RPPI 6)

Steps of Medicinal Plant & Herbal

Bio-resources

Basic

Research

Biomedicine/

Pharmacy

Development

products

Production

Marketing

Distribution

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

RPPI 6-Direction-- R&D on Medicinal plants & Herbals

9600 species-pharmacological activity

(Ministry of Health, 2015)

MoEF Ministry of Health

Tropical

Forest

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Taxus

sumatrana

Gemor

Gaharu

Pakoba

Gaharu

Faloak

Effercent

Gaharu et al Jernang

Gaharu

Mix-TO

Kilemo

Gaharu

Kayu putih Gaharu

Pranajiwa

Bidara laut

Akar

Kuning

Research planning on medicinal, RPPI 6

?

Focus research our Lab. 1. Products with high

economic values, i.e:

Foods, Medicinal, etc

2. Product with high

effect to environment i.e:

biofertilizer, agent

decomposer, bioenergy

bioplastic, etc.

The first of tropical forest

microorganisms collection in

the world, i.e: research and

teaching station, and center of

distribution microbial for other

purposes, etc

3.Bio-Prospect 3.1 Bioenergy

3.2 Biodegradation

3.3 Bioremediation

3.4 Biohealthy

3.5 Bioindustry

3.6 Biofertilizer

3.7 Bioinduction

4. Applied

5. Bio-Informatics

6. Preservasion

1. Microbial collection

2. Genomic analysis

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1. Development of agarwood induction

technology using microorganisms

2. Isolation and development of bioactive

compound from APT and microbial from APT

3. Isolation bioactive compound and

biotechnology production of useful compound

from Taxus sumatrana by :

a. extraction,

b. biotransformation culture cell and,

c. microbial conversation

1. Development agar wood induction technology

Agarwood Gaharu, Chenxiang, aloeswood,

agalloch, eaglewood, jinkoh, atau Kanankoh

APT Agarwood Products

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G. versteegii

A. cumingiana

A. malaccensis

A. microcarpa

A. beccariana

A. hirta

A. malaccensis

A. microcarpa

A. beccariana

A. hirta

G. versteegii

G. decipiens

A. cumingiana

A. filaria

A. cumingiana

A. filaria

A. tomentosa

G. versteegii

G. landermanii

G. salicifolia

G. audate

G. podocarpus

• The demand of agarwood

increasing year by year, high

economic important, for digestive,

sedative and antiemetic drug,

and also as incense and

perfume.

• Wild agarwood has been serious

depletion by illegal harvesting

and also the rapid loss

It will never meet the agarwood

demand, if those are still depend

on the product from natural

habitat

Agarwood-producing tree

(APT) have been listed in

Appendix II of the

Conservation on CITES since

2005

One way to make meet between

demand and production is the

sustainable mass planting of APT

and bioinduction to obtained

agarwood formation should.

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Samples Coll

80 Isolates

21 tested

4 Best

Jambi Padang

Gorontalo Kalbar

1x3 cm2 5x20 cm2

A. malaccensis

Agarwood formation after bio-induction

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2. Isolation and development Bioactive bioactive

compound from APT and microbial from APT

1. Consisting of 2 mains group compound,

sesquiterpenes and chromones (IUPAC:

chromen-4-one),

2. Fatty acids and phenols also present in

agarwood but in the small amounts (Naef, 2010),

3. Sesquiterpenes and chromones have a

fragrance by burning process. The quality of

agarwood depend on the composition of them (Yagura et al, 2003).

Agarwood :

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Sesquiterpenes

Sesquiterpenes

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Chromones

Medicinal Potential from agarwood

Baimuxinic acid

Spriovetivane

Agarospirol Jinkoh-emerol

1. Sedative/anesthetic)

α-Gurjunene

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3. Anti allergy

2. Cough

Derivate from 2-phenylethyl chromone

Benzylacetone

4. Anti-Microbial

Agarwood oil

1. Staphylococcus aureus (Bacteria)

2. Candida albicans (Fungi)

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5. Anti-Tumor

Showed cytotoxicity against human gastric

cancer cell line (SGC-7901), IC50 : 14,6

μg/ML (Liu et al, 2008)

2-(2-Phenylethyl)-4H-chromen-4-one

derivative

Mangiferin, anti-diabetic, anti-HIV,

anti-cancer, dan anti-inflammatory (Yoshimi et al., 2001)

Iriflophenone 2-O-α-L-

rhamnopyranoside, anti allergy (Kou et al.,

2008)

Genkwanin 5-O-β-primeveroside,

Exert laxative effect (Yu et al, 2011 ; Hara

et al, 2008)

Healthy leaf and wood

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Balanophonin, Showed cytotoxicity

against human gastric cancer cell

line, IC50 : 34 ug/mL (Wang et al, 2010)

(+)-Lariciresinol, Showed

cytotoxicity against human gastric

cancer, IC50 : 80 μg/mL and heart

cancer, IC50 : 75 μg/mL (Wang et al,

2010)

Endophytic fungi from APT

Samples Coll

40 Isolates

18 tested

3 antioxidant 7 antimicrobial

PIC1S3(B) P2CD3B PIB1C IC50 = 125 μg/mL IC50 = 137 μg/mL IC50 = 123 μg/mL

Antimicrobial against Fusarium solani (Introf CC

00509), Growth inhibition > 70%

Antioxidant

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3. Isolation bioactive compound and biotechnology

production of useful compound from Taxus

sumatrana INDONESIA Few countries in ASIA that has

natural distribution of genus Taxus

Sumatran Yews (Taxus sumatrana)

grown naturally at 1400 – 2300 m asl

Taxus sumatrana

Taxol for Chemotherapeutic

Cancer Treatment

DISTRIBUTION OF TAXUS SUMATRANA

(Source :The World Botanical Associates)

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Non Timber Forest

Products (NTFPs)

A big-potential

business source from

Tropical Forests

Genus TAXUS

Bark, leaves, stem, branch and root : source of TAXOL®

1969 Taxol isolated for the first time from T. brevifolia

1971 Chemical structure first published

1983 Clinical research started

1992 Approval by FDA to be applied in

chemotherapeutic cancer treatment

Bristol Myers Squibb, USA

World demand

400 kg/year America and Europe

1.000 Kg/year world demand

Always increasing 20% per-year (Smith & Cameron 2001)

1 Kg Taxol 30.000 Kg raw materials

400 Kg Taxol 12 mill Kg raw materials

1.000 Kg Taxol 30 mill Kg raw materials

Price at end-user?

US$ 5.000/ g US$ 5.000.000/kg

Included into Appendix II CITES Ann. #10

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Molecular structure from left of 10 deacetylbaccatin III (A), baccatin III (B) and paclitaxel

Paclitaxel (Taxol) contains a tetracyclic 17-carbon (heptadecane) skeleton,

known as baccatin III, and has 11 stereocenters with an amide tail. They are

usually characterized by a ketone group at C-11 and a complex side chain

(phnylalanine) at the C-15 position rather than at the C-7 position that is

often seen in other classes of taxanes

> >

Production of bioactive compound

1. By extraction parts of trees

Bark, wood, leaves, root, etc

Extraction could be done by ordinary solvent extraction (OSE),

supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), or accelerated solvent extraction

(ASE).

Leaf

Bark

Taxus species Materials Active Compunds References

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2. Cell culture of plants

Son et al, 2000

Production of paclitaxel by using bioreactor: adapted by

Phyton Biotech (Jerman), ESC Agenetic (CA, USA),

Samyang Genex (Taejon, Korea)

Su

mb

er:

Gu

o e

t a

l., 2

00

6;

Cha

kra

va

rth

i e

t a

l., 2

00

8

3. Endophytic microbial fermentation /

Microbial convertion

T. bevifolia Taxomyces andeanae produced Taxol® (24–25 ng/L). More than 20

genera of endophytic fungi have been evaluated to produce Taxol®.

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http://play.tojsiab.com/QnNMTFp4WExTZkEz

http://play.tojsiab.com/LU8wbHNKeXdGRmcz

Mechanisms of Taxol against cancer cell

1. Faizal A., Esyanti R.R., Aulianisa E.N., Irawati, Santoso

E., Turjaman M. 2016. Formation of agarwood from

Aquilaria malaccensis in response to inoculation of local

strains of Fusarium solani. Tree-Structure and

Function. Springer. In Press.

2. Karlina L., Uar N.I., Kusumo H.T., Santoso E., Turjaman

M., Nandika D. 2015. Propagation of sonic and

ultrasonic waves in agarwood trees (Aquilaria

microcarpa) inoculated with Fusarium spp. Journal of

Tropical Forest Science (JTFS) 27 (3): 351-356

3. Karlina L., Putri N., Turjaman M., Wahyudi I., Nandika D.

2016. Moisture content effect on sound wave velocity

and accoustic tomograms in agarwood tree (Aquilaria

malaccensis Lamk.). Turkish Journal of Agriculture

and Forestry 40:1-9. DOI:10.3906/tar-1511-74.

4. Karlina L., Putri N., Turjaman M., Wahyudi I., Nandika D.

2016. Evaluation on incensed resinous wood formation of

agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk) by sonic

tomography. Nature & Natural Resources. In Press.

5. Lee S.Y., Turjaman M., Rozi M. 2016. Phylogenetic

relatedness of several agarwood- producing taxa

(Thymelaeaceae) from Indonesia. Biotropia. Under

reviewer

Publications (2015-2016) 6. Tawaraya K, M. Turjaman. 2016. Mycorrhizal in Peatland. In:

M. Osaki, N. Tsuji (Eds.), Tropical Peatland Ecosystems,

pp.237-244. DOI 10.1007/978-4-431-55681-7_15. Springer

7. Asep HIDAYAT, Sanro TACHIBANA. Effect of piperonyl

butoxide and silver nitrate on degradation pathways of n-

octadecane by Fusarium sp. F092 (Published in Indonesian

Journal of Forestry Research, Vol 1, No 3, 2016: pp 41-47).

8. Maman TURJAMAN, Asep HIDAYAT, Erdy SANTOSO.

Development of agarwood induction technology using

endophytic fungi. In: Agarwood; Science behind of fragrance.

Rozi Mohammed (Eds.). Spinger, Singapore, 2016. pp. 51-71.

9. Dede Heri Yuli Yanto , Asep Hidayat, Sanro Tachibana.

Biostimulation and bioaugmentation management of a fungal

co-culture for maintaining enzymatic oxidation in extended

biodegradation of crude oils, 2016, Under Review.

10. Maman Turjaman, Asep Hidayat. Agarwood-planted tree

Inventory Inventory. The 3rd International Symposium LISAT,

2016.

11. Asep Hidayat, Chairil Anwar Siregar. 2016. Telaah mendalam

tentang bioremediasi: Teori dan aplikasinya di Indonesia.

Under Review.

12. Asep Hidayat, Maman Turjaman. 2016. Biological

Degradation of Crude Oil Contaminants and its Application in

Indonesia. In: Microbes for Restoration of Degraded

Ecosystems. D.J. Bagyaraj and Jamaluddin (Eds.). NIPA, New

Delhi, pp. 335-354.

13. Erdy Santoso. 2015. Valuasi teknologi budidaya gaharu.

Forda Press. Indonesia

14. Asep Hidayat, Sanro Tachibana, 2016. Identification of

Metabolite Phenanthrene degradation by Indigenous Fungus

Trametes sp. AS03 From Sumatera Mangrove Forest,

Indonesia. Under Review in Biodegradation, Spinger.

15. Dede Heri Yuli Yanto, Asep Hidayat, Sanro Tachibana, 2017.

Periodical biostimulation with nutrient addition and

bioaugmentationusing mixed fungal cultures to maintain

enzymatic oxidation during extended bioremediation of oily soil

microcosms. International biodeterioration & Biodegradation,

116, 112-123.

9 J. Inter., 3 books

chapter, 2 books, 1

Proceeding Inter.

9 22

1. AMELIORATIVE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT PARTS OF

GEMOR (Nothaphoebe coriacea) ON CADMIUM INDUCED

GLUCOSE METABOLISM ALTERATION IN VITRO Eko Suhartono, Iskandar Thalib, Purwanto Budi Santosa

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical

Sciences (IJPPS) 2015, Vol 7, Issue 11;17-20. http://innovareacademics.in/journals/index.php/ijpps/article/view/8158

2. Antioxidant and Anti-Lipid Peroxidation Activities of

Leaves and Seed Extracts of Gemor (Nothaphoebe coriacea) Purwanto Budi Santosa, Iskandar Thalib, Eko Suhartono, and Maman

Turjaman

International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical

Research 2016, Vol 8 (7);1149-1153 http://ijppr.com/volume8issue7/#

9 23

2016

2014 2014 2015 2016

2011 2013

2016

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Aromaterapi Gaharu 2016

Silviculturists/Biologists

Chemist/Biochemist/Pharmaciest/Micr

obiologist

Sosio-Economists/

marketing

HUMAN RESOURCES

Plans of R&D Integrative 6 (RPPI 6)

Available Not enough Available

Are they capable to do R&D, Innovation of products?

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HRD & Citation international Publications

Name Edu Field ∑ Pub. Int. Index Google

Scholar

Index Scopus

Citatio

n

H-

Index

Citatio

n

H-index

Erdy Santoso S3 MH1,2 6 - - 32 3

Maman Turjaman S3 MH1,2 10 319 9 107 6

Ragil SB Irianto S2 MH2 7 - - 66 5

Luciasih Agustini S2 MH3 5 57 6 26 4

Sarah A. Faulina S2 M3 1 - - - -

Asep Hidayat S3 M4,5,6 10 77 6 29 3

Note : -) belum membuat account Google Scholar; Kepakaran: mikrobiologi hutan (MH), mikrobiologi (M);

Fokus riset: biinduksi gaharu (1), biofertilizer (2), bioenergi (3), biohealth (4), biodegradasi (5) dan bio-plastik (6)

Acknowledgments :