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Welcome to the
Presentation
“New Fiber types especially suitable for FTTH ”
Intercable 24-28 March, Cyprus
Dr. Giorgio Cumbat
Director Fiber Sales
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TECHNOLOGY BACKGROUND
Merging of the former Philips Technology for MMF and the former Alcatel Technology for SMF/NZDS.
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2000 2005 2010
SMF low water-peak (capacity)
low bend loss (cost)
low non-linearity (capacity)
FTTx, The Fiber Side
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G.657 (2009) Access cabling
G.652.D compliant All bands 1260-1625nm Access end-to-end
Building cabling Not G.652.D compliant 1310 / 1550 / 1625nm
Restricted distances
A1 = legacy A B2 = legacy B
A2 B3
“1”:Rmin =10mm
“2”:Rmin =7.5mm “3”:Rmin =5mm
Maintained same
structure A & B
and added two sub-
categories in each
Support of compact cables in overcrowded ducts
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Bend insensitive single-mode-fiber - G.657.A2 BIF SMF with min. specified radius of 7,5 to 10mm is well suitable for all demanding access requirements
- G.657.B2&B3 BIF SMF are not necessarily compatible with the standard G.652 family due to Japanese low MFD specification, which is part of these sub-categories. G.657.B2 fibers already perform very well in-building applications (G.657.B3 is not necessary)
- BendBright-XS(fulfilling G.657.A2&B2)is today the perfect match for access as well inbuilding,allowing end-to-end solutions. - Bending radius of 7.5mm is feasible and do not affect the lifetime. - Draka‘ s BendBright-Elite offers G.657.B3 specification (min. bending radius 5mm) with enlarged proof test of 2% for better lifetime protection of this fiber type.
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Operators already deploying BendBright-XS:
AT&T, France Telecom, Telefonica
Our Fiber Solution
BendBright-XS value proposition – 100x less sensitive to bending losses – Fully compatible with G.652.D / ESMF – Lowest total installation cost for operator – Allows use of smaller ONT, patch panels etc.
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Principle of Total Internal Reflection in Optical Fibres
1 1
2
1
3
2
2 2
n 2
n 2 >
n 2
n 2 sin
Snellius:
sin = * 2 1
n 1
n 1
n 1
Loss
n 1
3
1 1
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Basic step-index profile for SSMF
Core index Δn
Core radius
a
Trench-assisted index profile
new design parameters
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Definitions / What Is FTTx?
FTTH – Fiber to the Home FTTB – Fiber to the Building / Basement (not included FTTO) FTTC – Fiber to the Curb (last distribution point / node) FTTN – Fiber to the Node
– A fiber based system in which the optical network unit is located in a node that may serve 50 to 500 homes. The distinction between FTTN and FTTC is the number of homes used by the optical unit. For FTTC the number typically range from 4 to 32.
FTTP – Fiber to the Premises – Similar to FTTH but more inclusive – the
subscriber premises may be retail or other small businesses as well as residential customers.
FTTx – Refers to FTTB, FTTC, FTTN and FTTP
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R
Optical Fiber
Cupper
ON
ON
ON
ON
R
B
OT
OT
OT
FTTN: Fiber to the Node
FTTC: Fiber to the Curb
FTTB: Fiber to the Building
FTTH: Fiber to the Home
ON: Optical Node
R: Repeater
B: Box
OT: Optical terminal
What is FTTx ?
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Network structure
point-to-point point-to-multipoint or PON
ON / NRO: Optical Node, Nœud de Raccordement Optique
PON: Passive Optical Network, réseau optique passif
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Key Drivers
Globally, bandwidth demand continues to accelerate driven by quadruple play (voice, video, data & wireless).
– Regional development varies but long-term global developments are evident.
– Access development will eventually drive growth in long-lines as the pipes fill.
– New services ultimately require fiber based infrastructure. Some will migrate to FTTH, others will evolve into hybrid systems. More bandwidth capability will be the driver.
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Key Drivers
Economics are critical, returns on investments are under scrutiny.
– Service providers and network operators must improve on the current returns in order to justify future development.
• Value proposition to the subscriber is the critical element. – CAPEX and OPEX costs must come down to support the
consumer driven economic model. • GDP growth needs to continue. Inflation has to be kept in check.
– High inflation / recession will have a high impact on development. – Content convergence will force industry consolidations. – The case for winners and losers is still developing
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Key Drivers
Political issues are significant – Legacy PTT’s are fighting the EU open market
tactic, which stalls FTTx development. – Protectionism in lieu of open competition is the
landscape and the open market is winning. – State and local regulators can open and close
access to FTTx in the United States
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Business Protection
Consumer Protection
Investment Protection
• US – August 2003 Terennial Review Order basically
bundles FTTx elements. – Video is a local (state) issue.
• Europe – Broadband roll out just started after
liberalization in 1998. – Players ask for investment protection, mainly
DT in Germany. – EU wants to keep business protection and as a
result traditional Telco’s don’t move. • Middle East
– Investment protection, wealthy parties control the game.
• Asia Pacific – Consumer protection. – Heavy push on fiber investments due to dense
population.
Key Drivers Regulation Policies
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Key Drivers
The customers are changing
– Video content will drive who will play. Voice has become the “lost leader”.
– In EMEA, legacy PTT’s are standing on the side lines while new independents step in. Old relationships become less meaningful.
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Key Drivers
Competition varies
– Some competitors provide total solutions, others specialize in key components
– All propositions will varie from region to region.
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splice- enclosures
access feeder
helix cable core
trunk / …. Telecom
Office (POP)
distribution
to customer connection box access
mini-cables
Advantage of bend-insensitive fibre
Smaller component volume : €€ “cost of ownership”
More forgiving fibre: less re-work €€ “labour cost”
Easy fibre handling: cheaper installation
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FTTH Architecture
Splice box
Splice box
Câble de colonne montante
Cable « drop »
Optical terminal
Splice of 720 fibres Compact boxes
Bends
Extraction point
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Cable
Cable
Correct staple test for indoor cable
89 appropriate staples, 15 angles 90° induce 0.05dB max @1550nm with our G.657.A2&B2
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Flextube designs already provide significant reduction in size compared to standard loose tube ones
e.g. 720 fiber dielectric cable
More aggressive designs yielding breakthrough size reduction with G.657.A2&B2 unique bend loss attributes! Optimizing compact cables for overcrowded ducts (duct saving) in large cities around the globe
25mm 21mm
-16% diameter Loose Tube Flex Classic
-30% cross-section
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G.657.A2&B2 offers 50% more capacity for ONLY 29% footprint (&fees) increase G.657.A2&B2 offers more than enough improvement of robustness
Example of more efficient duct use by cable outer diam. (OD) reduction ( 3 cables vs. 2)
Needed: at least 7% smaller OD Realized: OD reduction 11% (720 fibers G.657.A2&B2)
-7% OD needed
Calibrated inner duct diameter
Footprint increase only
29%
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Telecom Italia FTTH architecture
Customer
xDSL POTS (A)MDF
OLT
OD
F
ONT
LEGACY PLATFORM
Central Office Access network Distribution network
Building
splitters
G-PON technology (class C+) 2 splitters (PLC technology) with 1:128 total splitting ratio
FTTH is the target architecture for most of telecom operators in the world…
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Basement box: it contains the secondary pre-connectorized splitter of the PON and it is installed in the basement
Vertical rise: cabled with a multi-fiber cable or single-fiber cables (small buildings, maintenance) using the existing ducts. The cables can be connectorized at the box side end in the factory or in the field (by means of fusion type or mechanical connectors)
Fiber extraction at floor: all the required fibers are extracted at each floor and are protected with a suitable system
or Multi-fiber
cable
FTTH : the most promising approach using indoor existing infrastructures
Single-fiber cable
Connection to the flat
Box at the building basement
Vertical rise
Extraction and/or Termination at the floor Connection to the flat
Box at the building basement
Vertical rise
Extraction and/or Termination at the floor
Customer connection: it is performed “on demand”, splicing a single-fiber cable, installed in the horizontal path, with the extracted fiber (if multi-fiber cable solution is used in the vertical rise); the splice has to be properly protected and inserted in the customer existing tube.
When single-fiber cable is used for the vertical cabling, the customer is directly connected from the basement box without splices.
At the user end the customer drop is connectorized, in the factory or in the field, and installed in the outlet.
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-it consists in a fibers loosely assembly into an external sheath
-the fibers can be ruggedized or suitable strength member can be put inside the cable structure
-suitable for high count customers buildings -must be flexible and robust
Fibers are extracted from the cable for customer connection through a splice with the customer cable
Suitable protection must be used at the extraction and splicing points when sharing of infrastructure with other services can be dangerous
-8 mm diameter for 24 f.o.G.657.A type fiber
Floo
r (n)
Fl
oor (
n+1)
1
3
2
4
Multi-fiber cables
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Single-fiber cables:
-it consists in a reinforced structure containing one (or more) fiber (G.657A type)
-maximum size 2 mm, compatible with the small size of the existing customers tubes
-suitable for medium-small size buildings -it can reach customer directly from the basement box
or from the extraction point of the multi-fiber cable at the floor level
-suitable for installation in very tortuous and congested paths in which tension, bending and compression can reach very high level
-the external sheath compound shows low friction properties