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WEPA 12 th Annual Meeting 2830 Nov. 2016, Hanoi, Viet Nam Madhav Dev Acharya Water and Energy Commission Secretariat (WECS), Nepal
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Page 1: WEPA 12 Annual Meetingwepa-db.net/3rd/jp/meeting/20161130/PDF/10 Nepal_Country... · 2017-03-31 · WEPA 12th Annual Meeting 28‐30 Nov. 2016, Hanoi, Viet Nam Madhav Dev Acharya

WEPA 12th Annual Meeting 28‐30 Nov. 2016, Hanoi, Viet Nam

Madhav Dev AcharyaWater and Energy Commission Secretariat

(WECS), Nepal

Page 2: WEPA 12 Annual Meetingwepa-db.net/3rd/jp/meeting/20161130/PDF/10 Nepal_Country... · 2017-03-31 · WEPA 12th Annual Meeting 28‐30 Nov. 2016, Hanoi, Viet Nam Madhav Dev Acharya

Outlook of the presentation:1. Country Background

2. Water Resources of the country

3. Policy and Legal Framework on water and environment

4. Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

5. Institutional Management

Page 3: WEPA 12 Annual Meetingwepa-db.net/3rd/jp/meeting/20161130/PDF/10 Nepal_Country... · 2017-03-31 · WEPA 12th Annual Meeting 28‐30 Nov. 2016, Hanoi, Viet Nam Madhav Dev Acharya

1. Country Background: Landlocked between China in the North and India in the East, West and South. Almost rectangular in shape Area: 1,47,181 km2

Himalayas and Mountains 43% hills 30% and ,Terai Plain ( Flat Land) 27% Varied Topography Within a short span (about193km)of widthranging from 64m to 8848m in altitude

Page 4: WEPA 12 Annual Meetingwepa-db.net/3rd/jp/meeting/20161130/PDF/10 Nepal_Country... · 2017-03-31 · WEPA 12th Annual Meeting 28‐30 Nov. 2016, Hanoi, Viet Nam Madhav Dev Acharya

1. Country Background: Generally mountainous region cold Hills mild and Plains 

warm in climate. Population: 

26.5 Million, Density: 180/Sq kmUrban: Rural=17:83

GDP : Total= US$24.06 billion Per capita= US$ 837

Major occupationAgriculture= 69%, Industry=12%  and Others= 19% 

Well‐known as the Land of the Mt. Everest and the birthplace of Lord Buddha

Page 5: WEPA 12 Annual Meetingwepa-db.net/3rd/jp/meeting/20161130/PDF/10 Nepal_Country... · 2017-03-31 · WEPA 12th Annual Meeting 28‐30 Nov. 2016, Hanoi, Viet Nam Madhav Dev Acharya

2. Water Resources: There are 6000 rivers and rivulets. Broadly classified into 

three categories on the basis of their origin. Class:1. Originating from glaciers and snow‐fed lakes e.g. Koshi, 

Gandaki, Karnali and Mahakali Rivers

Class:2. Originating from Mahabharat Mountain Range e.g. Babai, West Rapti, Bagmati, Kamala, Kankai and Mechi etc.

Class:3. Originating from Siwalik hills small rivers which mostly flow in the rainy season and rest of the time remains dry. 

Estimated available surface water is 225 billion m3(BCM)per annum. Only 15 BCM per annum is in use 96% of which is used for agriculture. 

Around 78% of the average flow is from the first category river basins

Page 6: WEPA 12 Annual Meetingwepa-db.net/3rd/jp/meeting/20161130/PDF/10 Nepal_Country... · 2017-03-31 · WEPA 12th Annual Meeting 28‐30 Nov. 2016, Hanoi, Viet Nam Madhav Dev Acharya

2. Water Resources:

Major River basins of Nepal

Page 7: WEPA 12 Annual Meetingwepa-db.net/3rd/jp/meeting/20161130/PDF/10 Nepal_Country... · 2017-03-31 · WEPA 12th Annual Meeting 28‐30 Nov. 2016, Hanoi, Viet Nam Madhav Dev Acharya

2. Water Resources: There are 3,252 glaciers and 2323 glacial lakes 

Estimated ice reserve is 481 km3

Average Annual Precipitation: 1,500 ‐2,500mm

Groundwater  Potential &   its  Uses Tarai,  Dune  Valleys and Kathmandu  Valleys are the potential areas of shallow  and/or  deep  aquifers

Total  GW  in Tarai ‐ about  8800  MCM Irrigation  &  industrial use  ‐ 756  MCM andDrinking use ‐ 297  MCM Surplus  GW  in  Tarai ‐ 7747 MCM 

GW resources have not been investigated detailly yet inthe hills and mountains region.

Page 8: WEPA 12 Annual Meetingwepa-db.net/3rd/jp/meeting/20161130/PDF/10 Nepal_Country... · 2017-03-31 · WEPA 12th Annual Meeting 28‐30 Nov. 2016, Hanoi, Viet Nam Madhav Dev Acharya

3. Policy and Legal Framewok:

A. Policy and Plan: National Water Resources Strategy (2002) National Water Plan (2005) National Housing Policy (2011) Climate Change Policy (2011) National Adaptation Plan of Actions(NAPA) (2010) Hydropower Development Policy (2001) Irrigation Policy(2014) Assessment Guidelines of LAPAs on (2016) Water Induced Disaster Management Policy (2015) Environmental Impact Assessment Guidelines (2015)

Page 9: WEPA 12 Annual Meetingwepa-db.net/3rd/jp/meeting/20161130/PDF/10 Nepal_Country... · 2017-03-31 · WEPA 12th Annual Meeting 28‐30 Nov. 2016, Hanoi, Viet Nam Madhav Dev Acharya

3. Policy and Legal Framework:

Environmental Friendly Local Governance Framework(2013) Hazardous Waste Management Policy(2010) Water Supply System Management Guidelines(2012) National Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Policy (2014) National Drinking Water Quality Standards(2010) Hydropower Development Policy (2005) Solid Waste Management Policy(2013) Water Sanitation and Hygiene National Sector Development 

Plan(2015) (Under Draft condition) Integrated Water Resources Development Policy (Under 

Draft condition): Based on the state re‐structuring framework guided by the Constitution of Nepal 2015 

Page 10: WEPA 12 Annual Meetingwepa-db.net/3rd/jp/meeting/20161130/PDF/10 Nepal_Country... · 2017-03-31 · WEPA 12th Annual Meeting 28‐30 Nov. 2016, Hanoi, Viet Nam Madhav Dev Acharya

3. Policy and Legal Framework:B. Acts, Regulations and Related Laws: Constitution of Nepal(2015)

Part 3: Fundamental Rights and DutiesArticle 30: Right to clean environmentSub‐article (1): Every citizen shall have the right to live in aclean and healthy environment.Sub‐article (2): The victim shall have the right to obtain compensation, in accordance with law, for any injury caused from environmental pollution or degradation.Sub‐article (3): This Article shall not be deemed to prevent the making of necessary legal provisions for a proper balance between the environment and development, in development works of the nation.

Page 11: WEPA 12 Annual Meetingwepa-db.net/3rd/jp/meeting/20161130/PDF/10 Nepal_Country... · 2017-03-31 · WEPA 12th Annual Meeting 28‐30 Nov. 2016, Hanoi, Viet Nam Madhav Dev Acharya

3. Policy and Legal Framework:B. Acts, Regulations and Related Laws: Environment Protection Act (1997) Environment Protection Regulation (1997) Water Resources Act (1993) Water Resources Regulation (1993) Nepal Water Supply Corporation Act (1989) Drinking Water Regulation 1998 Electricity Act (1992) Industrial Enterprises Act (1992) Forest Act (1993) Formulation of Integrated Water Resources Act has been 

started side by side with preparation of Integrated Water Resources Policy. 

Page 12: WEPA 12 Annual Meetingwepa-db.net/3rd/jp/meeting/20161130/PDF/10 Nepal_Country... · 2017-03-31 · WEPA 12th Annual Meeting 28‐30 Nov. 2016, Hanoi, Viet Nam Madhav Dev Acharya

4. MDGs to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):A. MDGs (2000‐2015) Based on the Millennium Declaration of the UNGA 

(September 2000), Nepal pledged to adopt the eight Millennium Development Goals

MDG 7: Ensure Environmental Sustainability:Significant progress in using improved drinking‐water from 46 % in 1990 to 83.6 % in 2014 improved sanitation facility rose from 6 % in 1990 to 60.1% in 2014

Page 13: WEPA 12 Annual Meetingwepa-db.net/3rd/jp/meeting/20161130/PDF/10 Nepal_Country... · 2017-03-31 · WEPA 12th Annual Meeting 28‐30 Nov. 2016, Hanoi, Viet Nam Madhav Dev Acharya

4. MDGs to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):B. SDGs (2016‐2030) Ahead of the MDG deadline in 2015, the UN Open

Working Group for SDGs agreed set of 17 SDGs with 169 targets on a broad range of sustainable development issues for post‐ 2015 till 2030.

SDG 6: Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all

Page 14: WEPA 12 Annual Meetingwepa-db.net/3rd/jp/meeting/20161130/PDF/10 Nepal_Country... · 2017-03-31 · WEPA 12th Annual Meeting 28‐30 Nov. 2016, Hanoi, Viet Nam Madhav Dev Acharya

4. MDGs to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): The proposed SDG 6 targets for Nepal 2030 include the 

following:

Page 15: WEPA 12 Annual Meetingwepa-db.net/3rd/jp/meeting/20161130/PDF/10 Nepal_Country... · 2017-03-31 · WEPA 12th Annual Meeting 28‐30 Nov. 2016, Hanoi, Viet Nam Madhav Dev Acharya

5. Institutional Management: Institutions working in water and environment:

Ministry of Energy http://www.moen.gov.np/ Ministry of Irrigation http://www.moir.gov.np Ministry of Water 

Supply and Sanitation  http://mowss.gov.np/ Water and Energy Commission

Secretariat (WECS) http://www.wecs.gov.np/ Department of Electricity 

Development (DOED)  http://www.doed.gov.np/• Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA) http://www.nea.org.np/• Department of Forest (DOF) http://dof.gov.np/• Department of Soil Conservation and 

Watershed Management (DSCWM) http://www.dscwm.gov.np/

Page 16: WEPA 12 Annual Meetingwepa-db.net/3rd/jp/meeting/20161130/PDF/10 Nepal_Country... · 2017-03-31 · WEPA 12th Annual Meeting 28‐30 Nov. 2016, Hanoi, Viet Nam Madhav Dev Acharya

5. Institutional Management: Institutions working in water and environment:

• Department of Hydrology and Meteorology (DHM) http://www.dhm.gov.np/

• Department of National Parks and Wild Life Conservation (DNPWC) http://dnpwc.gov.np/

• Department of Hydrology and Meteorology (DHM) http://www.dhm.gov.np/

• Department of Environment (DOE) http://doenv.gov.np/• Nepal Academy of Science and 

Technology (NAST) http://nast.gov.np/new/• Alternate Energy Promotion Center (AEPC) http://www.aepc.gov.np/• Climate Change Council (CCC)• Environment Protection Council (EPC)• Department of Urban Development and Building 

Construction (DUDBC) http://www dudbc gov np/

Page 17: WEPA 12 Annual Meetingwepa-db.net/3rd/jp/meeting/20161130/PDF/10 Nepal_Country... · 2017-03-31 · WEPA 12th Annual Meeting 28‐30 Nov. 2016, Hanoi, Viet Nam Madhav Dev Acharya

5. Institutional Management: Institutions working in water and environment:

• Department of Urban Development and Building Construction (DUDBC) http://www.dudbc.gov.np/

• Department of Water Supply and Sewerage (DWSS) http://www.dwss.gov.np/

• Department of Irrigation (DOI) http://doi.gov.np/• Department of Water Induced 

Disaster Prevention (DWIDP) http://www.dwidp.gov.np/

Page 18: WEPA 12 Annual Meetingwepa-db.net/3rd/jp/meeting/20161130/PDF/10 Nepal_Country... · 2017-03-31 · WEPA 12th Annual Meeting 28‐30 Nov. 2016, Hanoi, Viet Nam Madhav Dev Acharya

References: Various government published and unpublished reports.

Page 19: WEPA 12 Annual Meetingwepa-db.net/3rd/jp/meeting/20161130/PDF/10 Nepal_Country... · 2017-03-31 · WEPA 12th Annual Meeting 28‐30 Nov. 2016, Hanoi, Viet Nam Madhav Dev Acharya

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