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West African Kingdoms
Global I: Spiconardi
The Bantu
Group of people who originally live in West AfricaMigrated in search of
fertile landSpread their knowledge of
farming, ironworking, & LANGAUGE across the continent• Today almost 1/3 of Africans
speak a language derived from the Bantu
West African Gold/Salt Kingdoms
Ghana (c. 400 – 1235)
The first of the West African trading kingdomsThrough weapon making
technology (iron smelting), Ghanaian warriors expanded boundaries• Gained control over trade
routes
Ghana
Gold &Salt TradeLocation! Location! Location!• Ghana was located in the midway between Saharan salt mines and
tropical gold minesCaravans of Muslim merchants brought goods, which
Ghanaian people exchanged for gold• Trade conducted via the silent trade• Muslims brought their religion to the people of Ghana
Recap
Mali (1230 – 1600s)
Mali was the second of the three major West African Kingdoms
Mali was the leading supplier of slaves in the Indian Ocean & Trans-Saharan trades
Mali (1230 – 1600s)
Mansa MusaDevout Muslim king• Bases legal and justice system on
the Qur’an Makes hajj to Mecca, but stops
in Egypt first• Gives Egypt so much gold that the
value of gold declines for 10 straight years• Traveled with 12,000 servants each
wearing silk & carrying gold bars, which were given to the poor
Read the account of Mansa Musa’s Hajj and answer the
questions
Mali
Mansa MusaBrings back Islamic scholars
and architects to MaliHas Timbuktu builtTimbuktu• Center of learning and art• Increased Islamic influence in
West Africa• Use of credit• Written contracts• Education for many classes
Timbuktu
Ibn Battuta
Moroccan born traveler and explorerTravel the Islamic world from
North Africa to ChinaSpent 30 years traveling His primary source writings
inform historians about the Muslim world in Africa
Ibn????
Batttuta!
I think it’s worth a try
this summer
1304-1368
Songhai (c. 1350 – 1591)
The largest of the 3 major West African kingdoms
Took control of Timbuktu
Expanded trade to Europe and AsiaPeriod of great
cultural diffusion
Sunni Ali
Sunni AliFirst emperor of SonghaiWill the real Sunni Ali please stand up?• Some sources note his skills as a politician and military
commander. Others are not so kind…
Sonni Ali entered Banana, committed gross iniquity, burned and destroyed the town, and brutally tortured many people there. When Akilu heard of the coming of Sonni Ali, he brought a thousand camels to carry the fuqaha ([slamic legal expert] of Sankore and went with them to Walata..... The Godless tyrant was engaged in slaughtering those who remained in Timbuktu and humiliated them.
Songhai
Askia Muhammad sets up high functioning bureaucracy 5 provinces each with• A governor• Tax collector • Judges (Like Mansa
Musa, had laws based on Qur’an)• Trade inspectors
Askia Muhammad’s Tomb
Assessment