Principal Investigators:

Brian Tissot, Washington State University VancouverBill Walsh, Hawai’i Division of Aquatic ResourcesLeon Hallacher University of Hawai’i HiloMark Hixon Oregon State UniversityHelen Fox Hawai`i Institute of Marine Biology

Divers & Data Management:Delisse Ortiz, Jonathan Hultquist, Kathy Greenwood, Washington State University VancouverMark Albins, Zachary Caldwell, Paul Clark, Steve Cotton, Brian Doo, Jeff Eble, Marc Hughes, Karen Geisler, Ranya Henson, Jackie Holbrook, Joe Laughlin, Sara McCutcheon, Scarlet Mraz, Jeff Muir, Shaun Norris, Daniel Okumura, Kara Osada, Kim Page, Greg Polloi, Linda Preskitt, Noelani Puniwai, Dan VanRavensway, Allison Suhr, Todd Wass, Lisa Wedding, Darla White,Charles Wiggins, Rachael Younger, Brian Zyglicynski, University of Hawai’i Hilo

Logistical Support:

Brent Carmen, Jan Marsh, Bob Nishimoto, Hawai’i Division of Aquatic ResourcesJohn Coney, Michael Childers, University of Hawai’i Hilo

West Hawai’i Aquarium Project

West Hawaii Tod

ay, Thursday, Ju

ly 21, 1988

There’s not mu

ch left

at Mahukona

Tropical fish collectingMust be banned now

Divers, collectors at odds overDecline in Kona Coast’s reef fish

Fishes disappearing around pier

Collectors, fishermen

At odds over harvest

“EXTINCTION-YEAR 2000”

Fish Coalition

threatens

collectors wit

h total ban

The onus is on fish collectors toPolice themselves – or else…Limits being set

The war isn’t o

ver

Group now developing

West Hawaii fishery

Management area

Work begins on aquariumfish collection ban

…Fishing restrictions still

to be decided

Study finds fewer fish

at collection sites

Act 306 (1998)West Hawai’i Regional

Fisheries Management Area

Designate > 30% of coastal waters as Fish Replenishment Areas (FRAs) where aquarium fish collecting is prohibited

Evaluate effectiveness after 5 years

in cooperation with the University of Hawai’i

Ensure substantial involvement of the Community in resource management decisions

Aquarium Rule (FRA) Public Hearing

April 28, 1999 Kailua-KonaWest Hawaii Today

Evaluate impact of reserve network onaquarium fishery

Evaluate the effectiveness of a marine reserve network in Hawai’i

WHAP Monitoring Program

Five completeobservationaldesign blocks

Repeated measure BACI design:• Among treatments (C-FRA, C-O)• Before vs. After • Among locations

Lapakahi MLCD

North Kohala FRA

Kamilo

Control

Open

FRA

5k

WHAP fish surveys

• Four 25m transects• Visual transect method

– Quick, high pass for mobile fishes

– Slow, low pass for small – site resident, & cryptic fishes

• All species recorded• All species sized• Selected Inverts censused• Control, FRA, Open block

– Same day– Same divers

Big Island Aquarium CatchFiscal Year 2002

3%9%

9%

76%

3%KoleAchilles

Yellow Tang

Clown Tang 87 Other Species

Zebrasoma flavescens

Survey

Mea

n D

ensi

ty (

#/10

0m2 )

10

15

20

25

30

35

Baseline Year 1 Year 2 Year 3

Control

FRA

Open

Pre-reserve effects of collectors

FRAs established

Zebrasoma flavescens

Survey

Mea

n D

ensi

ty (

#/10

0m2 )

10

15

20

25

30

35

Control

FRA

Open

Baseline Year 1 Year 2 Year 3

Zebrasoma flavescens

Survey

Mea

n D

ensi

ty (

#/10

0m2 )

10

15

20

25

30

35

Control

FRA

Open

Baseline Year 1 Year 2 Year 3

Zebrasoma flavescens

Survey

Mea

n D

ensi

ty (

#/10

0m2)

10

15

20

25

30

35

ControlFRA

Open

Baseline Year 1 Year 2 Year 3

Survey

Mea

n D

ensi

ty (

#/10

0m2)

0

10

20

30

40ControlFRAOpen

Baseline Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4

Zebrasoma flavescens

Zebrasoma flavescens

Treatment

Control FRA Open

Mea

n D

ensi

ty (

#/10

0m2 )

10

15

20

25

30BaselineYear 1Year 2Year 3Year 4

+23%*

+86%*

+34%*

* - P < 0.05%'s are 1999-2003 differences

BACI ANOVA Results

Control vs. FRA

Source DF F P

Before-After(BA) 1 7.10 0.013*

Location 4 76.38 0.001*

BA * Location 4 2.48 0.001*

Times (BA) 26 1.97 0.105*

Error 101

Total 136

Control vs. Open

Source DF F P

Before-After(BA) 1 0.27 0.609

Location 4 81.67 0.001*

BA * Location 4 6.92 0.132*

Times (BA) 26 1.32 0.001*Error 101

Total 136

∴ Before-After differences significant by location

% B A c h a n g e i n d e n s i t y 0 30 60 90 1 2 0

FR

A

Koha la

P u a k o

K a u p u l e h u

H o n o k o h a u

K a i l u a

RedH i l l

H o n a u n a u

H o o k e n a

Mi lo l i i

R e s e r v e E f f e c t i v e n e s s

*

*

*

*+55%overall

* - P < 0.05* - P < 0.05

B A c h a n g e i n d e n s i t y ( # / 1 0 0 m 2 )

0 5 10 15 20

FR

A

Kohala

P u a k o

K a u p u l e h u

H o n o k o h a u

Kai lua

RedHi l l

H o n a u n a u

H o o k e n a

Mi lo l i i

R e s e r v e E f f e c t i v e n e s s

*

*

*

*

* - P < 0.05

+10/100m2overall

Zebrasoma flavescensD

ensi

ty (

#/10

0m2 )

0

5

10

15

20

Ctenochaetus strigosus

0

5

10

15

Chaetodon multicinctus

Survey Date

0

1

2

YOY Abundance

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

r = 0.81 r = 0.77 r = 0.72

Density (#/100 m 2)

010

Stu

dy

sit

e

Lapakahi

Kamilo

Waiakailio

Puako

Anaehoomalu

Keawaiki

Kaupulehu

Makalawena

Wawalol i Beach

Wawalol i

Honokohau

Papawai

S. Oneo Bay

N. Keauhou

Kualanui Pt.

Red Hil l

Keopuka

Kealakekua

Ke'ei

Kalahiki

Auau

Omakaa

Manuka

FRAOpen

Control 010 0 20 40 0 40 80 120

Zebrasoma f lavescens Y O Y

0 40 80

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

r = 0.81 r = 0.77 r = 0.72

Density (#/100 m 2)

0 10

Stu

dy

sit

e

Lapakahi

Kamilo

Waiakailio

Puako

Anaehoomalu

Keawaiki

Kaupulehu

Makalawena

Wawalol i Beach

Wawaloli

Honokohau

Papawai

S. Oneo Bay

N. Keauhou

Kualanui Pt.

Red Hill

Keopuka

Kealakekua

Ke'ei

Kalahiki

Auau

Omakaa

Manuka

1999

FRAOpen

Control 0 10 0 20 40 60 0 20 40 60 80

2000 2001 2002

Ctenochaetus str igosus Y O Y

0 20 40 60

2003

r = 0.81 r = 0.77 r = 0.72

Density (#/100 m2)

0 10

Stu

dy

sit

e

Lapakahi

Kamilo

Waiakailio

Puako

Anaehoomalu

Keawaiki

Kaupulehu

Makalawena

Wawaloli Beach

Wawaloli

Honokohau

Papawai

S. Oneo Bay

N. Keauhou

Kualanui Pt.

Red Hill

Keopuka

Kealakekua

Ke'ei

Kalahiki

Auau

Omakaa

Manuka

FRAOpen

Control 0 10 0 10 0 10

Chromis agilis YOY

0 20 40

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

r = 0.81 r = 0.77 r = 0.72

Density (#/100 m 2 )

0 10 20

Stu

dy

sit

e

Lapakah i

Kami lo

Waiakai l io

Puako

Anaehoomalu

Keawaik i

Kaupulehu

Maka lawena

Wawalo l i Beach

Wawalo l i

Honokohau

Papawa i

S . Oneo Bay

N. Keauhou

Kualanui Pt.

Red Hil l

Keopuka

Kealakekua

Ke'e i

Kalahik i

A u a u

Omakaa

Manuka

1999

FRAO p e n

Contro l 0 10 0 10 0 10

2000 2001 2002

Tha lassoma duper rey Y O Y

0 10

2003

r = 0.81 r = 0.77 r = 0.72

Density (#/100 m 2)

0 5 10

Stu

dy

sit

e

Lapakahi

Kamilo

Waiakailio

Puako

Anaehoomalu

Keawaiki

Kaupulehu

Makalawena

Wawaloli Beach

Wawaloli

Honokohau

Papawai

S. Oneo Bay

N. Keauhou

Kualanui Pt.

Red Hill

Keopuka

Kealakekua

Ke'ei

Kalahiki

Auau

Omakaa

Manuka

1999

FRAOpen

Control 0 5 0 5 0 5 10

2000 2001 2002

Chaetodon multicinctus YOY

0 10 20

2003

Oceanographic Correlates to West Hawai`i Recruitment

The mission of the Division of Aquatic Resources is to manage, conserve and restore the state's unique aquatic resources and ecosystems for present and future generations.