WESTERN ARCTIC SHELF-BASIN INTERACTIONS (SBI)PHASE 2 PI MEETING: FIELD PROJECT OVERVIEW
Jacqueline M. GrebmeierSBI Project Office, University of Tennessee
Knoxville, Tennessee, 37932, USA
USCGC HealySeattle, WashingtonJanuary 29-30, 2000
http://sbi.utk.edu
Overall hypothesis: climate change will significantly and preferentially impact the physical and biological linkages between arctic shelves and the adjacent ocean basins
Focus area: • outer shelf, shelf break and upper slope, where key processes control water mass exchange and biogeochemical cycles
• greatest responses to climate change are expected
US SBI: focus is Chukchi and Beaufort seas and slopes
SBI Goal and Focus
General schematic of SBI study area and research topics
SBI PHASE II PROJECTS-PI/CO-PI'S (n=42) AND PROJECT TITLES (n=14)
1. Ashjian, Carin-WHOI, Gallager, Scott-WHOI, and Gallagher, Scott-LSU, “Collaborative Research: Shelf-Basin Exchange of Biogenic Material Between the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas”
2. Christensen, John, and Devol, Allan-UW, “Collaborative Proposal: Denitrification and Sediment Nutrient Dynamics in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas” [summer 2002 and spring 2004]
3. Dirks, Richard-JOSS/UCAR, and Moore, James-JOSS/UCAR, “Data Management Support for Western Arctic SBI Phase II”
4. Gradinger, Rolf-UAF and Eicken, Hajo-UAF, “Physical-biological control of primary production in Beaufort and Chukchi Sea ice: Its contribution to shelf-basin interactions in the western Arctic”
5. Grebmeier, Jackie-UTK, Cooper, Lee-UTK, Cota, Glenn-ODU, Dunton, Kenneth-UTX, Kirchman, Dave-UDL, Maslowski, Wieslaw-NPS, Moran, Bradley-URI, and Walsh, John J.-USF, “Collaborative SBI Research: Carbon Cycling in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas-Field and Modeling Studies”
6. Hansell, Dennis-U Miami, and Bates, Nicholas-BBS, “Collaborative Research: Transport and Transformations of Carbon and Nitrogen in the Western Arctic Ocean: A Contribution to the SBI Project”
7. Harvey, Roger-UMD, Macdonald, Robie-IOS, and Benner, Ronald-USC, “Collaborative Research: Biogeochemical Cycling of Particulate and Dissolved Organic Matter in the Arctic Ocean using Molecular Markers”
8. Kadko, David-U Miami, “Investigation of the Rate of Shelf-Basin Interaction in the Western Arctic Using Radium Isotopes: SBI Phase II”
9. Sherr, Evelyn-OSU, Sherr, Barry-OSU, Campbell, Robert-URI, and Ashjian, Carin-WHOI, “Collaborative Research: Mesozooplankton-Microbial Food Web Interactions in Western Arctic Shelf and Basin Regions”
10. Smith, Sharon-U Miami, and Fell, Jack-U Miami, “Shelf-Basin Exchange of Large-Bodied Zooplankton [Copepods] in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas” [summer 02, spring and summer 2004]]
11. Swift, James-SIO, Codispoti, Lou-UMD, Flagg, Charles-BNL, Whitledge, Terry-UAF, Stockwell, Dean-UAF, Padman, Laurence-E&SR, Münchow, Andreas-UDE, “Collaborative Research: CTD/Hydrographic and Underway Service Measurements for the Shelf-Basin Interactions Phase II Field Project”
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3 projects not on Healy; mooring on Polar Star, VECO lead on winter helicopter survey
1. Christensen, John-Bigelow Lab, and Melling, Humprey-IOS, “Mesoscale Nutrient Structures in the Northern Chukchi and Beaufort Seas in Several Seasons”
2. Pickart, Robert-WHOI, “Dynamics of Exchange in the Beaufort Sea Boundary Current System: Implications for Interior Ventilation”
3. Weingartner, Thomas-UAF, Aagaard, Knut-UW, and Woodgate, Rebecca-UW, “Collaborative Research: The Fate of a Large and Strongly Forced Arctic Shelf Outflow: Physical and Biochemical Process Studies”
USCGC HEALY
USCGC POLAR STARSEA
RVALPHA HELIX
SBI Field Program
2002 and 2004
USCGC HEALY
6 May-15 June (Nome-Nome, AK)
17 July-26 August (Nome-Nome, AK)
USCGC POLAR STAR
July (Dutch Harbor-return, AK)
RV ALPHA HELIX
23-27 June (Dutch Harbor-Nome, AK)
2003
USCGC/TBD
1-30 July (Nome-Nome, AK)
RV ALPHA HELIX
September
USCGC POLAR STAR
RV ALPHA HELIX
SBI Phase II-Field Program
SERVICE FIELD MEASUREMENTS: (Swift et al.):
CTD-based temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen measurements
(Swift)
Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) data (Padman, Münchow)
In situ-fluorescence and transmissivity
Photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) measurements
Rosette for discrete water sampling
Determination of inorganic nutrients (nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, dissolved
silicon, ammonium) (Whitledge, Codispoti), chlorophyll-a
(Whitledge & Stockwell), salinity, and dissolved oxygen (Swift)
Underway surface observations, including temperature, salinity and
meteorological data (Swift et al.)
SBI Service Field Measurements
Service Program
CTD Rosette: Swift et al.; 4 casts with two 12-10L and two 12-30L bottle configurations
SBI Process Studies-Water Column (10 projects, plus service measurements)
RATE MEASUREMENTS FOR PROCESS CRUISES (details in SBI water column sampling spreadsheet in meeting folder)
Primary production, nutrient uptake, biomass, pigments, optics (Cota)
Stable oxygen isotopes (Cooper)
POC/N, DOC/N, DIC (Hansell and Bates)
Bacterial production, biomass, respiration (Kirchman)
Microzooplankton biomass and grazing (Sherr and Sherr)
Biomarkers (Harvey and Benner)
Sediment metabolism (Grebmeier)
Denitrification (Christensen/Devol)
Radium isotopes (Kadko)
POC/N export, flux, w/thorium, lead, and radium isotopes (Moran)
Glenn Cota: primary production, optics, satellite
Active optical sensor
Passive optical sensor
On deck incubator for dilution assays
Inflow buffer
~ 36 inches
~ 52 inches Lexan tube, 6” diameter x 22 “ long, holes drilled in sides to allow water flow
Ashjian, Campbell, Sherr(s)-zooplankton
Wooden base
Seawater hoses in
Seawater hoses out
Deck incubators for zooplankton studies
Clear hinged lexan top with hinges to keep water in
~ 12 inches high
Zooplankton component-deck incubator
SBI-Macro/Meso Zooplankton Field Studies (4 projects)
Macro-zooplankton biomass and production (Ashjian and Campbell, Smith and Lane)
Zooplankton abundance via sensors on CTD (Ashjian, Gallagher & Benfield)
C-13, N-15 stable isotope analyses of macro/meso-zooplankton (Dunton)
Ring Net
• Carin Ashjian/Bob Campbell (zooplankton)
• Our ring nets will be ~1m in diameter and up to 6 m long
• Used for– Vertical tows (ship
stationary)– Oblique tows (ship
moving)• Used off the side of the ship
Bongo Nets• Sharon Smith/Peter Lane
(zooplankton)• Deployed off the side• Towed either vertically (ship
stationary; ice) or obliquely (ship moving; no ice)
MOCNESS• Deployed off stern using 0.68” conducting wire
MOCNESS being deployed MOCNESS ready on deck
SBI Benthic Field Studies (5 projects
Benthic macrofaunal biomass (Grebmeier)
C-13, N-15 of benthic fauna (Dunton)
Benthic metabolism (Grebmeier and Cooper)
Denitrification (Christensen and Devol)
Biomarkers, sediment DOC flux w/Grebmeier (Harvey and Benner)
Sedimentation rates and mixing: Th-234, Pb-210 (Moran)
Van Veen (Grebmeier and
Cooper)
HAPS Corer HAPS Multicorer
Coring sectioning and Canning
Coring sectioning and Canning
Multi-corer, Soutar core, and off-ice mini-lander
(John Christensen and Al Devol)
SBIOff-ship Field Studies
denitrification/sediment metabolism (Christensen and Devol)
sea ice algal production and physical properties (Gradinger and Eicken)
off-ship access needed for both projects: deployment on ice at start of station via basket or helicopter operations, as necessary; if by helicopter, possible coordination with USWFS objectives
Ice sampling: ice algae and properties (Rolf Gradinger and Hajo Eicken)
Marine Mammals and Seabird Surveys-USFWS/NMML
Marine Mammals and Seabird Surveys-USFWS/NMML
Spring 2002: Marc Webber (USFWS)• bird and marine mammal surveys from bridge (spring cruise only)• coordinate/assist with Hajo Eicken’sice observations• opportunistically test images on helo missions when time, ice, walrus observed[note spring helo ops limited: marine mammal hunt issues]Summer 2002: mooring cruise-possible NMML seals surveys
Data Management JOSS (Joint Office for Science Support) responsible for
both shipboard field catalog and land-based data
management (Dirks & Moore)
Remote Sensing Need to provide regional and basin scale spatial and
temporal coverage
(needs: Cota, Gradinger & Eicken, Maslowski, Pickart,
Weingartner et al.)
SBI Process Studies (relevant Healy cruise)
Time Series Moorings
conductivity/salinity, temperature, ADCP (Weingartner, Aagaard & Woodgate, Pickart)
biochemical sensors: nutrient, chlorophyll, transmissivity (pending)
Modelling biophysical coupled modelling: (Maslowski and Walsh) sea-ice modelling (Gradinger and Eicken)
Winter sampling helicopter study (Christensen & Melling) April 2003 US Navy ice camp
Other Core SBI Studies
•
Research takes the teacher and the classroom beyond the textbook science.
• Inquiry-based experiences that show science as a human endeavor, and the relevance of science to societal issues.
• Science will come “alive” in the classroom.
•
Research takes the teacher and the classroom beyond the textbook science.
• Inquiry-based experiences that show science as a human endeavor, and the relevance of science to societal issues.
• Science will come “alive” in the classroom.
Why Would A Teacher Participate?
SBI port: Nome, AlaskaSBI port: Nome, Alaska
SBI PIs arrive Nome: May 4 (spring)/July 14 (summer)
Healy arrives Nome/PIs board: May 5 (spring)/July 15 (summer)
Healy departs Nome: May 6/7 (spring)/July 16/17 (summer)
Healy returns Nome: June 15 (spring)/Aug. 26 (summer)
PIs depart ship: June 15 (spring)/Aug. 26 (summer)
• cargo to Healy: April 1-20• lab set-up April 15-20
