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CHAPTER 27
Section 1: Setting the Stage for War
Section 2: World War I: A New Kind of War
Section 3: The Russian Revolution
Section 4: The Terms of Peace
Section 5: Creating a “New” Europe
World War I and the Russian Revolution
SECTION 1
Ch 18.3 Bell Ringer:What events or circumstances led to the Russian Revolution and the creation of the Communist Party?
Setting the Stage for War
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Setting the Stage for War
…covered one-sixth of the land surface of the globe, and was populated by almost 150 million people of more than a hundred different nationalities.
Political Cartoon
Setting the Stage for War
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Setting the Stage for War
Weaknesses of Russia
• Insufficient food
• Appropriate armaments; poorly equipped
• Inadequate roads
• Poorly led military
• Corrupt, inefficient government
• No faith in government or czar
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Setting the Stage for War
Why was this time different?
• Army sided with the demonstrators.
• The Duma refused to disband.
• Mar 1917 – Czar Nicholas abdicates – He and his family were soon imprisoned.
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Setting the Stage for War
6th June 1906: In a cartoon called 'Peril!' in Punch, Liberty says to the Tsar, 'Give him his head, it's your only chance, and mine!'
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Setting the Stage for War
With the overthrow of the czar, a temporary gov’t was set up until
a constitutional assembly could be elected.
While the new rules were trying to restore order, another group worked
for more radical change.
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Setting the Stage for War
Petrograd Soviet of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies
…organized when unrestbegan in Russia
Soviet = councilThe leaders weresocialists.
Radical members calledfor immediate peace &land reforms.The provisional gov’topposed both.
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Setting the Stage for War
Two factionsfought forcontrol of thesoviets.
Mensheviks Bolsheviks
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Setting the Stage for War
• Vladimir Lenin – revolutionary socialist
• Their slogan was “Peace, Bread, and Land”
• His version of Marxism formed the basis of communism.
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7 Nov 1917 – the October Revolution
The Bolsheviks overthrewthe Constitutional Assemblybecause they did NOT havea majority in it.
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Setting the Stage for WarPeace and Civil War
• Treaty of Brest-Litovsk• Communists faced great
opposition – civil war breaks out early 1918 and lasts three years
• Red Army vs Whites• The Allies helped the Whites for
two reasons.• Renamed Russia …. The Union
of Soviet Socialist Republics or the U.S.S.R. (Soviet Union)
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Setting the Stage for War
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Setting the Stage for War