What Ails India

7/28/2019 What Ails India

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INDIANECONOMY

Prepared By:AnkitaGeetikaManeetKanchiAshutoshPraveen


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India Economic factsGDP is$1.85 trillion; worlds 10th largest economy in

terms of GDP.

Economic liberalization began in 1991;continues at slow

pace. India is now Integrating with global markets.

Since 1990s,the middle class has grown and poverty levelshas fallen.

Tariffs are still among the worlds highest.(average 22%)

Challenges ahead: reduce poverty, accelerate pace of

reform, upgrade infrastructure. Indias successes: IT, Pharma & biotech, telecom, science

and technology.

Two way U.S India trade tops $25 billion a year, was $10

billion in 1997.


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Child labour and Women Corruption

Rural-Urban Migration Empowerment


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WHAT IS CORRUPTION ?

Corruption is the abuse of entrusted power for privategain. This is the working definition used byTransparency International (TI), applying to both thepublic and private sectors.

In 2012 India has ranked 94th out of 176 countries in

Transparency International's Corruption Perceptions

Index, where as China is at 80th ,Pakistan is at 139th .


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CAUSES OF CORRUPTION Lack of effective management and organization of

administrative mechanism.

Lack of economic stability. Lack of effective political leadership.

Diminishing values in the society.

Diminishing patriotism. Lack of awareness about policies and procedures.

Low literacy rate.


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CONSEQUENCES OFCORRUPTION

Derail countrys credibility and economic

stability.

Loss of National wealth

Hindrance and obstruction in development

It give birth to hoarding and creates artificial

shortage leading to price rise Rise in terrorism and crimes

Rise in suicide cases


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INDIAN BLACK MONEY Black money refers to funds earned on the

black market, on which income and other taxes

has not been paid.

The total amount of black money deposited in

foreign banks by Indians is unknown, but one

estimate by R Vaidyanathan, a Professor ofFinance, estimated the total at over Rs

7,280,000 Crores


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KPMG India surveyed leading Indian

companies to keep a check on sentiment and

perception of how corruption is corrodingeconomy as well as corporate environment.

Over 2/3rd of the survey respondents perceive

that India can touch 9% GDP growth ifcorruption is controlled.

Survey conducted by

KPMG in 2011


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IMPACT OF CORRUPTIONON INDIAS GDP GROWTH


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IMPACT OF CORRUPTION

ON BUSINESS

Nearly 37% of respondents felt that corruption

could impact the valuation of a company

thereby denying shareholders a fair price.

Real-estate industry has remained as the mostcorrupt industry, as told by 32% respondents


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PERCEPTION OF MOST

CORRUPT INDUSTRIES
http://trak.in/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/image6.png


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IS INDIA A POOR COUNTRY..??

Is India poor, who says? Ask Swiss banks With

personal account deposit bank of $1500 billion in

foreign reserve which have been misappropriated, an

amount 13 times larger than the countrys foreign

debt, one needs to rethink if India is a poor country?


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SUGGESTIONS

Lokpal Bill Implementation (Introduced since 1968).

Anti-corruption police and courts.

Rigorous punishments

Anti- corruption websites.

Anti- corruption Organizations.

Self determination of not to give bribe.

Awareness and campaigns through medias, social networking

sites, road shows etc.


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WHAT IS CHILD LABOR Work by children that harm them either physically,

mentally, morally, or by blocking their access to

education.

Children living in poorest household and in rural areasare mostly likely to be engaged in child labor


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How many are there


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WHERE DO CHILD LABORERSEXISTS

percentage

Agriculture(52%)construction(15.5%)

cleaning(7%)

begging(1%)

car washing(12%)

shoe polishing(20%)


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IMPACT ON ECONOMYFamilypoverty

Exploitative childlabor

Poor wages andinadequateeducationstandardDeterioratingstandard ofliving

Adultunemployment

Low level ofunionization


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CAUSES OF CHILD LABOR ININDIA POVERTY THE MAIN REASON FOR CHILD

LABOR.

FATALIST ATTITUDE OF THE POOR TOWARDS

LIFE. HIGH POPULATION LEADING TO BREAK NECK

COMPETITION FOR JOBS

ILLETERACY AND LACK OF EDUCATION.

IRRESPONSIBLE ATTITUDE OF EMPLOYERS.


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SOLUTIONS Elimination of poverty.

Free and compulsoryeducation.

Proper and strictimplementation of thelabour laws.

Abolishment of childtrafficking .


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WOMENEMPOWERMENT


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INTRODUCTION Empowerment refers to The process by which the

powerless gains greater control over the circumstances of

their lives

So women empowerment is that process in which women

gets equal controll over the situations and the resources

through developing Self Confidence and ability to make

decisions.


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CAUSES OF POOR CONDITION OFWOMEN

Malnutrition

Overwork

Powerless Unskilled

Poor health

Lack of educationMistreatment


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Economicempowerment

Economy

Industry

Povertyeradication

Selfreliance


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SOCIAL EMPOWERMENT OFWOMEN Education:- Special measures should be taken to eliminate discrimination

and universalize education, eradicate illiteracy, create a gender sensitive

educational curricula, increase enrolment and retention rates of the girls,

improve quality of education for lifelong learning as well as development of

occupation/ vocational/technical skills of women.

Special focus on the girls and women particularly of the weaker section of

the society should be given.

l h N i l d hi l f IMR d MMR i NPP


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Health:- National demographic goals for IMR and MMR are set out in NPP

2000. They should have equal access to comprehensive affordable and quality

healthcare.

Have safe, effective, and affordable method of family planning of their choices.

The needs to address the issues of early marriages and spacing in the children,

compulsory registration of marriage and elimination of child marriages should

be the main agenda.

Violence against the women:- All forms of violence against a women either physicalor mental at domestic or societal level including those arising from customs, traditions

or accepted practices should be strongly dealt with through effective measures so as toeliminate its incidences.

Rights of a girl child:- Strict enforcement of laws against prenatal sex determinationand selection, practice of female feticide, female infanticide, child marriage, child

abuse and child prostitution etc. removal of discrimination in the treatment of the

girl child within the family and outside.

Projection of a positive image of the girl child should be actively fostered.


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This recognition is currently missing in India.Transforming the prevailing social discrimination against

women must become the top priority, and must happen

concurrently with increased direct action to rapidly

improve the social and economic status of women. Inthis way, a synergy of progress can be achieved.

CONCLUSION


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RURAL-URBANMIGRATION


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MIGRATION

Migration: It is the movement of people fromone geographical location to another, involving

permanent or temporary settlement.

Source region: The region which people areleaving.

Destination region: The region to which peopleare entering.


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RURAL-URBAN MIGRATION

Rural-urban migration: It is the movement ofpeople from rural areas (villages) to urban

centers (cities).

The urban centers are increasing in population,

in while the rural areas are decreasing

population.


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ISNT IT IS A SOCIOECONOMIC PROBLEM ?

It is the major contributing factor to the

ubiquitous phenomenon of urban surplus

labour and as a force which continues to

exacerbate already serious urbanunemployment problems.


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CAUSES OF RURAL - URBANMIGRATION

Business

Opportunities

Employment

Opportunities

Better

Technologies

Social

Stability

Political

Stability

Education

Better Wages

Causes


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EFFECTS OF RURAL - URBANMIGRATION

Unemployment rate increases.

Straining the resources of government.

Pressure on urban housing and environment.

Overpopulation encourages and raise rate of

crime in society.


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RECOMMENDATIONS Infrastructural, economic, social, physical, cultural etc

improvements in rural areas; as people in the rural areasare mostly attracted to the lifestyles of the urban dwellers.

Government should strive to provide social amenities and

facilities in the rural areas. Government should also provide jobs for the citizens in

the rural areas.

Vocational training centers should be established in therural centers for training of the productive youths for self

employment. Those youths that passed out of the Vocational training

centers should be given micro-loans as a start-up capital.


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Year Child Labour as reported by Census 2010

1971 10753985

1981 13640870

1991 11285349

2001

12666377


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Projected Population (In Thousands, 000)

2007 2010 2016

Projected Population of India, States/UTs by Sex as on 1St March

2007, 2010 and 2016

Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Males Females

India 1131043583859 547184 1180409 608706 571703 1274939 655824 619115


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CONCLUSION

Elections do not necessarily produce good governance and thepeaceful resolution of political conflicts in a country and it is

clear that we need to address the social, economic issues in

cultural and historical context.

Women are living in the society which are highly influenced by

traditions, ideology and customs that keep them away from

equality. Women from marginalized community suffer more,

especially the dalits


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There may be a large upper class and a growing middle-class

emerging but there still remains a base of 600 million whose basic

needs are not being met

Educated, middle and upper classes need to be encouraged to

invest in the rural population of India

Unification between Indian states


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Now you have a generation of young, urban Indians who are asuncomprehending of that other India as any Westerner. Theyhave lost the language to be able to communicate with each other.

They've become a different species.

Arundhati Roy, Author

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