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© 2020 Medtronic. All rights reserved. Medtronic, Medtronic logo and Further, Together are trademarks of Medtronic. All other brands are trademarks of a Medtronic company. UC202100714 EN 1 About Stroke. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.stroke.org/en/about-stroke 2 Johnson, W., Onuma, O., Owolabi, M., & Sachdev, S. (2016). Stroke: a global response is needed. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 94(9), 634-634A. https://doi.org/10.2471/blt.16.181636 3 Ischemic Strokes (Clots). (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.stroke.org/en/about-stroke/types-of-stroke/ischemic-stroke-clots 4 Why stroke matters. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.world-stroke.org/world-stroke-day-campaign/why-stroke-matters 5 Preventing Another Stroke. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.stroke.org/en/life-after-stroke/preventing-another-stroke 6 Stroke Symptoms. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.stroke.org/en/about-stroke/stroke-symptoms 7 Ischemic Stroke Treatment. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.stroke.org/en/about-stroke/treatment/ischemic-stroke- treatment 8 www.stroke.org. 2020. Ischemic Stroke Treatment. [online] Available at: <https://www.stroke.org/en/about-stroke/treatment/ ischemic-stroke-treatment> [Accessed 18 May 2020]. 9 Stopping the Bleeding in a Hemorrhagic Stroke. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.stroke.org/en/about-stroke/treatment/ hemorrhagic-stroke-treatment 10 Hemorrhagic Stroke Treatment (n.d.) Retrieved from www.stroke.org. 2020. Hemorrhagic Stroke Treatment. [online] Available at: <https://www.stroke.org/en/about-stroke/treatment/hemorrhagic-stroke-treatment> [Accessed 18 May 2020]. STROKE: TIME IS BRAIN WHAT IS A STROKE? A stroke or a “brain attack” is a sudden interruption in the brain’s blood supply. When the blood supply is interrupted, your brain no longer gets the oxygen and nutrients it needs, therefore causing brain cells to die by the minute. 1 According to the World Health Organization, stroke is the 2 nd leading cause of death and 3 rd leading cause of disability worldwide. 2 WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF STROKE? WHAT IS THE LIKELIHOOD OF YOU OR SOMEONE YOU KNOW HAVING A STROKE? Strokes do not discriminate; they happen regardless of age, race or gender. This year alone, 14.5 million people worldwide will have a stroke and 5.5 million people will die as a result. 4 Despite statistics though, stroke is PREVENTABLE and TREATABLE. 80 million people have survived stroke worldwide. 4 WHAT ARE YOUR TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR STROKE? WHAT CAN YOU DO TO PREVENT A STROKE? 5 WHAT TO DO IN THE EVENT OF A STROKE? Monitor your blood pressure Eat healthy Keep your blood sugar in normal range Do not smoke Control your cholesterol Maintain an appropriate BMI Keep active Consult your physician about stroke prevention FACE DROOPING: Does one side of the face droop or is it numb? Ask the person to smile. Is the person’s smile uneven or lopsided? ARM WEAKNESS: Is one arm weak or numb? Ask the person to raise both arms. Does one arm drift downward? SPEECH: Is speech slurred? Is the person unable to speak or hard to understand? Ask the person to repeat a simple sentence. TIME TO CALL 9-1-1: If the person shows any of these symptoms, even if the symptoms go away, call 9-1-1 and get them to the hospital immediately. F A S T Remember, every minute makes a difference. Act F.A.S.T. Seek treatment, F.A.S.T. The letters in “F.A.S.T.” can help spot the signs of a stroke. 6 Treatment options for ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes differ. ISCHEMIC STROKES are treated by removing or dissolving the clot. 7 An intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), is often used to break up clots and works best when used soon after the stroke occurs. For larger, more complex clots, you can undergo a minimally invasive procedure known as mechanical thrombectomy, where a device is used to remove the clot. 8 The treatment goal for HEMORRHAGIC STROKES is to stop the bleeding, with the ultimate goal being to completely obliterate the source of the bleed. 9 A minimally invasive procedure is often performed using a catheter to monitor the source of the bleed. Once the source is located, a soft metal coil or alternative agent is used to prevent further bleeding. Surgical intervention could also be performed, if necessary. 10 Ischemic stroke (a blood clot): Hemorrhagic stroke (a brain bleed): This occurs when a weakened blood vessel ruptures and bleeds into the surrounding brain tissue. Hemorrhagic strokes make up about 13% of all strokes. 5 This occurs when a vessel supplying blood to the brain is blocked. Ischemic strokes account for about 87% of all strokes. 3
