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What are the goals of progressivsm?
The Origins of Progressivism
Protecting Social Welfare• Goal: relieve
urban problems
• Social Gospel & Settlement House reformers tried to soften the harshness of industrialization.
• Florence Kelley-advocate for women & children
• YMCA
• Salvation Army- “Slum Brigades”
Promoting Moral Improvement
Uplift the poverty stricken by improving personal behavior
Temperance-WCTUAnti – Saloon LeagueProhibitionFrances Willard-
Kindergartens, visiting inmates, women’s suffrage.
Creating Economic ReformPanic of 1893 caused
some to question the Capitalist system.
Socialism-Debs
Journalists & Mucrakers exposed the corrupt side of big business.
Fostering Efficiency Scientific
ManagementMake tasks easier &
simplerWorkers became
more productive & increased goods produced
Henry Ford – Assembly Line
Progressive Political Reforms
Voters select their party’scandidate
Voters can put billsBefore legislature
Voters can vote on billsdirectly
Voters can remove elected officials from
office
Party leaders pick candidates for state & local offices
Only members of state legislature can introduce bills
Only legislators pass laws
Only courts or legislature can remove corrupt officials
PRIMARY
INITIATIVE
REFERENDUM
RECALL
BEFORE AFTER
Teddy Roosevelt’s Ideals/GoalsProgressive
Republican – 2 TermsSquare Deal“Kicked Upstairs”
Political Bosses found him too hard to control
Protect CitizensHealthConservation
He assumed he had the legal right to do whatever the people demand
William Taft’s Ideals/GoalsConservative
Republican- 1 TermFollowed a
“Cautiously Progressive Agenda”
Campaigned on a “lower tariffs” platform
Never fully felt like the president
Didn’t use the bully pulpit
Wilson’s Ideals/GoalsDemocrat- 2 TermsOwed his presidency
to the Republican split
“Don’t interfere when your enemy is destroying himself.”
Endorsed a progressive platform
New FreedomFinancial reformAnti-trust measuresEconomic reform
Roosevelt’s Position on Big BusinessIncreased federal
government’s role in arbitration.
Supported big business, but wanted to stop trusts that harmed people.
Trust Buster (filed 44 anti trust suits)
Strengthened the regulation of the railroads.
Roosevelt grappling with J. P. Morgan and Rockefeller of
Standard Oil.
Taft’s Position on Big BusinessBusted 90 TrustsMajor victories included
Standard Oil of New Jersey and the American Tobacco Company
Roosevelt thought that Taft couldn’t distinguish a good trust from a bad trust
Taft was successful in urging Congress to strengthen the powers of the Interstate Commerce Commission
Wilson’s Position on Big BusinessThought that trusts
shouldn’t be regulated; they should be broken up
Government shouldn’t get bigger.
Big Business should get smaller.
Roosevelt’s AccomplishmentsFederal Arbitration
Coal Strike negotiationsRailroad regulation –
strengthened the ICC Elkins Act
R.R. officials could not give or receive rebates
R.R. must have set rates Hepburn Act
Limit free R.R. passesConservation
Hired Pinchot-US Forest Service
National Reclamation Act$ from land sales will fund
irrigation projects
Taft’s Accomplishments/Actions
Payne-Aldrich ActLower tariffs on
manufactured goods
Tried to defend unsuccessful tariff
Appointed Ballinger as Secretary of the InteriorAccused of
exploiting natural resources
Fired PinchotHad a difficult time
holding the Republican Party together
Roosevelt created the Bull-Moose Party that fractured the Republican Party.
Wilson’s Accomplishments/Actions
16th Amendment-income tax Necessary because so many tariffs
were loweredFederal Reserve System
National Banking System Controlled $ supply and made
credit more accessibleClayton-Antitrust Act
Made it more difficult for monopolies to form
Ruled that labor unions were not to be considered trusts
Companies will be held responsible if they are found breaking any law
Federal Trade Commission Agency set up to investigate
business to enforce laws “Watch Dog” agency
Cartoon shows sign which says "He Kept Us Out of War" and depicts Wilson answering a phone and being told that there is a U-boat in New York Harbor. "Very Inopportune!" he exclaims.