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What can You and I do?
Brent Nelson
March 2012, ASA Workshop
Understand Every Nuance of this Chart
Not Really!!
Go For Energy Efficiency First
Energy Efficiency!
Energy Efficiency!!
Energy Efficiency!!!
• Fix Air Leaks (>1970’s)
• Install Adequate Insulation (< 1970’s)
• Replace Windows (single pain)
$1 on Energy Efficiency saves
$2-4 over generating energy
• Passive Heating
• Active Heating
• Renewable Electricity
Professional Energy Audits
Hire Independent (not selling “fixes”)
Typical Tests include:
– Blower Door Test
– Thermal Imaging
– Duct Pressure Test
– Heat Pump, Furnace, A/C Commissioning
– Appliance Evaluation
Minimum Insulation Values
Location Insulation
Attic > R-40
Walls > R-13
Basements > R-11
Crawlspaces > R-11
Floors (over unheated) > R-20
R-value = Resistance to conductive heat loss. The higher the R-value the better. Fiberglass ~ R-3 per inch
Furnaces
• Look for heat inefficiencies
• Clean units/registers/filters (change monthly)
• Install ducts in conditioned space
• Seal ducts if ducts are accessible
• Insulate ducts in unconditioned spaces
• Install set back thermostats 1 degree = 1% lower energy bill per 8 hour set back; 3% per permanent set back
• Purchase new furnace or boiler with high annual fuel utilization efficiency AFUE (>90%)
Thermostats
• Set thermostat as low (for heating)/high (for cooling) as possible
• Save 3% of total heating energy for each degree decrease in thermostat setpoint
• Cranking the temperature past the desired level will not heat/cool the house faster
Colorado: All Windows, U < 0.35
South Windows with Overhangs
•SHGC > 0.60
•Awindow÷ Afloor = 7-12%
(low-high mass construction)
•Low U, High SHGC = special order
•PPG SunGate 500, Cardinal LoE-178, etc.
•LoE on surface #3-outside surface of inside glass
South Windows
without Overhangs
•Install overhangs
or
•SHGC < 0.40
East & West Windows
•SHGC < 0.40
•minimize A
North Windows
•SHGC not important
•minimize A
Water Heating
• Set water temperature to 120 degrees
• Repair leaky faucets
• Insulate water heater and pipes
• Use low-flow shower heads and faucets
• Maintain your water heater
• Use vacation setting when out of town
• On-demand “tankless” water heaters are more efficient
• “Heat Pump” water heaters
Lighting
• Turn off lights when not needed
• Install motion sensors on exterior lighting
• Install motion sensors or timers on interior lighting
• Don’t turn on lights when daylight is sufficient
• Install task lighting in kitchens and offices
• Use 4-ft fluorescent fixtures with electronic ballasts in work areas (garages, laundry rooms)
• Replace incandescent, halogen, and spotlight bulbs/fixtures with CF bulbs/fixtures
• LEDs are even better, less energy and longer lasting
Appliances / Parasitic Losses
• Idle appliances waiting to receive signal from remote control (idle TVs and VCRs cost $30/yr/household in the U.S.)
• Any appliance with a digital clock
• Cordless telephones
• Computer and home office equipment that is left on all the time
• Purchase Energy-Star appliances with “sleep”
• features or turn off/unplug appliances when not in use
Passive Solar Heating
• No mechanical moving heat
• The building itself works
• Five key design element
- Aperture (windows)
- Absorber
- Thermal Mass
- Distribution (passive)
- Control (overhangs, dampers)
Active Solar Heating • Uses pumps or fans
• Brings heat to spaces
• Five key design element
- Collectors
- Storage
- Distribution
- Control
- Summer heat shedding
Residential Wind Power
• 0.5 kW – 2 kW
• $3 - $6 per Watt installed
• Rebates and incentives are available.
• Can use NREL’s IMBY tool for calculations.
References • Colorado Home Performance
http://www.coloradohomeperformance.org/
• Building America – Resources for Energy Efficient Homes http://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/building_america/
• DOE Energy Star: Save Energy at Home https://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=products.pr_save_energy_at_home
• City of Seattle’s do it yourself home energy audit http://www.seattle.gov/dpd/static/DIYweb_LatestReleased_DPDP016083.pdf
• R-Value Recommendation Calculator http://www.ornl.gov/sci/roofs%2bwalls/insulation/ins_16.html