What do the following have in common??

What does this scuba diver eat to provide energy on a big dive?

• Meat?• Bread?• Fruit?• Butter?

• Do you know what these foods do?

CarbohydratesCarbohydratesYour questions for carbohydrates:Your questions for carbohydrates: (set up cornell notes to help you study(set up cornell notes to help you study!)!)1.1.Why are carbohydrates considered organic?Why are carbohydrates considered organic?2.2.What are the 3 main structures of What are the 3 main structures of carbohydrates?carbohydrates?3.3.What are the building blocks of carbohydrates?What are the building blocks of carbohydrates?4.4.What are the 3 main functions of carbohydrates? What are the 3 main functions of carbohydrates?

Carbohydrates and Diabetes?

• How do carbohydrates play into your diet?• What do people with diabetes have to watch

out for?• Is being diabetic weird?• Halle Berry

What are carbohydrates??

• They come from plants!!! • 1. They are organic molecules (made of

carbon)

Repeating units to make long chains•One unit= monomer•Long chains= polymers

Structure of CarbohydratesStructure of Carbohydrates

Structure of CarbohydratesStructure of CarbohydratesRepeating units to make long chains

Structure of CarbohydratesStructure of CarbohydratesRepeating units to make long chains

mono- (one)

di- (two)

poly-(many)

2. Structure of Carbohydrates2. Structure of Carbohydrates

di + saccharide = disaccharide(two sugars)

Another name for a carbohydrate is saccharide

mono + saccharide = monosaccharide (one sugar)

poly + saccharide = polysaccharide(many sugars)

monosaccharide

Structure of CarbohydratesStructure of Carbohydrates

3. Building Block = monosaccharide

monosaccharide monosaccharidemonosaccharide monosaccharide monosaccharide

4. Uses of Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates have 3 functions

4. Functions of Carbohydrates

1. Supplies Energy

– Gives immediate energy

– Short term energy storage

Function of Carbohydrates

2. Supplies Dietary Fiber– Fiber = the parts of plants your body can't digest – Good sources of fiber are fruits, vegetables, whole-

grains, and beans

Function of Carbohydrates

3. Provides structure in plants

– Cellulose (gives plants a shape!)

– Makes up cell walls

Carbohydrates Recap1. Are they organic or inorganice?

1. Organic molecule-Contain Carbon!

2. What is the structure of carbohydrates?

2. Building Blocks = Monosaccharides that build disacharides!

3. What are the building blocks of carbohydrates?

3. Monosacharides!!

4. What are the functions of carbohydrates?

1. Supplies energy

2. Supplies dietary fiber

3. Provides structure in plant cells (cell wall, and cellulose)

For each cereal:1. Total Carbohydrate:2. Dietary Fiber:3. Sugars:

Carbohydrate Mini Lab!• We are going to use a special chemical to figure out if foods are

made of simple sugars (monosaccharides) or starches (polysaccharides) Use your notes to fill out the pre lab questions.

• Iodine is usually a orange/red color.• In the presence of a starch (polysaccharide) it turns blue black.

So what color will a simple sugar be? (mono or disaccharide) So what color will a starch be?

OR

Disaccharide (2 sugars)

Monosaccharide (1 sugar)

Polysaccharide (Many sugars)

Extra Slides Below

Structure of Carbohydrates

All carbohydrates:

• C-H-O (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen)

• Ratio of 1:2:1

• Examples: sugars and starches

Glucose = C6H12O6

Structure of CarbohydratesStructure of Carbohydrates

Repeating units to make long chains•Like a train•Like legos

Students will identify the building blocks of macromolecules in order to classify common foods as either simple sugars or starches using iodine as an indicator.1. Where would you find carbohydrates,

protein, and lipids all discussed in the same place?

2. Which of the following supplies the body with immediate energy?

A. ProteinB. Fats (lipids)C. CarbohydrateD. DNA