• What is happening in this cartoon?

• What do you think the term ‘cold war’ means and how was it different to the two world wars?

• What can we infer about the cold war from this cartoon?

Isabel Torralbo

COLD WAR

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Definition:

• State of permanent tension over military,

territory and ideology,), between two blocs

led by USA and USSR (1947 – 1989) but

without direct confrontation (USA-USSR

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THE TWO BLOCS

USA

- Democracy

- Capitalism

• USSR

– Dictatorship

– Socialism

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How are these beliefs different?

Capitalism =

Where all factors of production (industry, business and agriculture) are owned by private individuals or firms who run them for their own profit.

Communism =

Where all factors of production (industry, business and agriculture) are owned by the state for the good of everyone.

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•Factories not for profit

•Fairness and equality for all!

•Everyone must work for the state

• We should only make as many products as we need

•Freedom and opportunity for all!

•Only one political party

•Factories owned by individuals or companies

•Works with Parliament to pass laws

COMUNISM VS CAPITALISM

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Stages

• 1st Stage : 1947 – 1953

“Post- war tensions”

– Berlin crisis (1948)

– Korean war (1950-53).

– In this stage, after

URRS tested its first

atomic bomb (1949)

arms race

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2nd Stage

• Peaceful coexistance

(1953 – 62) and Détente

(1962 – 1979) in which

the negotiation starts to

be possible.

• Conflicts:

– Berlin wall

– Cuban Missiles Crisis

(1962)

– War of Vietnam(1960-75).

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3rd Stage

• The Second Cold

War (1975 – 1989)

The Soviet invasion of

Afghanistan (1979)

and Ronals Reagan

(1981) meant the

begginig of this period

more active and

ruthless .

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4th Stage

• The collapse of the

Soviet Union and the

end of the Cold War

(1985 – 1991)

• Gorvachev Pt Soviet

Union End of

Comunism

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Caracteristiques

• New concept superpower (USA, USSR): hegemonic politically, economically and militarily.

• Development of a bipolar system or lining up of countries around the two superpowers: two blocs were created

• Permanent tension between the blocs with their influences areas in which they practiced a policy of «brinkmanship» política de riesgos calculado

• Development of a system of politic – economic and military alliances between the countries belonging to the same bloc.

• The UN as a forum to deterrence conflicts between blocs.

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START

• CAPITALIST

– 1947 Truman Doctrine

Marshall Plan

– 1949 NATO

• COMUNIST

– 1949 COMECON

– 1955 Warsaw Pact

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Berlin blockade

• 1948 allies join their zones

USSR blocks land

communicationBerlin

• USA established an airlift

to supply the city(food,

medicine, coal…)

• 23 May Germany will be

divided into two. German

Federal Republic (GFR)

and the German

Democratic Republic

(GDR).

• 1961 Berlin wall Isabel Torralbo

The Korean War

• Until end WWII Korea was occupied by Japan

• After war north communist back up by URRS and China / south USA.

• 1950 North invades South

• Soviets and China help North/ USA and UN south

• 1953 peace Korea divided into two (38th parallel) with a non militarize zone

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The Cuban Missiles Crisis: closest

crisis to a nuclear holocaust

• 1959 revolution Fidel

Castro expels Batista

• USA trade embargo

Castro aligned Cuba with

Soviets to get economic

support .

• 1962 Jruschev installed

Soviet missiles in Cuba

• Blockade of the Island

and atack any Soviet ship

• Peak of tension

• Agreement Withdrawal

of the Soviet missiles.

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The War of Vietnam 1955 –

1975 (longest and bloodiest conflict)

• Decolonisation from France

• Divisinn North Vietnam communist Ho Chi Min / South Vietnam pro-western.

• USA military support to SV 1964 direct war (domino theory)

• Failure USA public opinion and war ( Guerrilla warfare tactics) 1973 USA retreats from the country

• 1975 North occupies definitely the south. Vietnam – Laos and Camboia joined the communist bloc.

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Testeando - Trivial de "La Guerra

Fría" - Historia (4º ESO)

• Teacher Resource-He May Be a Communist – YouTube

• Rambo 3 (3/10) Movie CLIP - The Vengeance of the Afghan (1988) HD – YouTube

• Rambo 3 (4/10) Movie CLIP - Sheep Ball (1988) HD - YouTube

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Second Cold war

• New tension focal points:

– Soviet intervention in Afganistan (1979)

– Sanctions to USSR( boicot Moscow Olimpic

Games 1980)

– Support to American dictatorships : El

Salvador, Honduras…

– Star Wars project Reagan: anti-missiles laser

shield

– Collapse of the Soviet Union and the End of

the Cold War Isabel Torralbo

DISSOLUTION SOVIET UNION

• USSR has serious structural problems

– Economic problems, antiquated technology,

hunger, living standards vey low

– Internal revolutionary movements

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Gorbachev • 1985 CPSU General

Secretary

• Perestroikareforms to

revive the economy and

incease production

• Glasnost(transparency)

New parties are recognized

and elections will be called

Foreign policy: rapprochement

to USA

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Yeltsin: LA IMAGEN DE TU VIDA -

La caída del imperio soviético

(1991) - YouTube • One of the CPSU leaders

• He stops the coup d´Etat

1991 he becomes the

leader and accelarate the

reforms abolishing

communism.

• Yeltsin suppresed the

communist regime.

URRS is disolved

Rusia. Huge structurals

problems and difficult

adjustment to capitalism

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Fall of communist regimes in the

rest of Europe

• Elections are called

end communism

• In 1989 Berlin Wall

falls both

Germanies join in

1990

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DECOLONISATION • Read pg. 228 / 229

• Choose a country which became independent after the Bandung

conference. Find and write information about the following:

– 1) Date of independence?

– 2) From which country?

– 3) How long had the (new) country been a colony?

– 4) How did it obtain independece? War or peaceful circumstances?

– 5) Did the country change name after independence? If so, what is the new

one?

– 6) Was there a principal protagonist in the independence process? Name

him/them

– 7) Which language(s) is/ are spoken? Which is official?

– 8) Find the flag. DO the colours symbolise anything?

– 9) Who was the first president? First Minister?

– 10 ) Look up the country on the HDI index (Use the CIA worldfact or the UN

Data), find out the country´s position on the index.

– 11) Find its per capita income and compare it to any of the ten top countries

on the HDI “league table”

Isabel Torralbo