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What is a sketch?
Chapter 1.2 addendumSketching User Experiences: The Workbook
Recap
Sketching is about DesignSketching is about Design
Remember the Design Funnel
Modified from Pugh, S. (1990) Total design: Integrated methods for successful products engineering. Addison-Wesley. P. 75
Iterative: General Iteration 1 Iteration 2 Iteration 3overall concepts exploratory clarification resolution
Granularity: General Course Medium Fineoverall big intermediate detailed concepts gestures development refinement
The attributes of sketches
Quick • to make
The attributes of sketches
Quick
Timely • provided when needed
The attributes of sketches
Quick
Timely
Disposable • investment in the process and
concept, not the execution• if you can’t afford to throw it
away, it’s not a sketch
The attributes of sketches
Quick
Timely
Disposable
Plentiful • they make sense in a collection
or series of ideas• meaning & relevance in context
Image source: Baskinger, M. (2008) Pencils before Pixels. ACM Interactions, March+April, page 32.
Form studies for a digital alarm clock
The attributes of sketches
Clear vocabulary • rendering & style indicates it’s a
sketch, not an implementation
Constrained resolution• no higher than required to
capture its concept
Consistency with state• refinement of rendering
matches the state of concept development
Quick
Timely
Disposable
Plentiful
Openess and freedom vs.• incomplete, room to create
Tight and precise• complete, nothing left to do
Minimal detail• Include only what is required to
render the intended purpose or concept
Appropriate Degree of Refinement
Make the sketch be as refined as the idea:
(a) If you have a solid idea, make the sketch look more defined
(b) If you have a hazy idea, the sketch will look much rougher and less defined
The attributes of sketches
Constrained resolution
Consistency with state
Suggest & explore rather than confirm
• suggests /provokes what could be
A catalyst • evokes conversations & discussion
Quick
Timely
Disposable
Plentiful
Clear vocabulary
A Sketch is not a Prototype
Difference is• a contrast of purpose (always)• a contrast in form (usually, but not always)
But• it’s a continuum
sketch prototype
From Sketches to Prototypes
• Sketches: early ideation stages of design• Prototypes: capturing /detailing the actual design
Image from Bill Buxton’s Book Sketching User Experiences (2007) Morgan Kaufmann
investment
From Sketches to Prototypes
Early design
Late design
Brainstorm different ideas and representations
Choose a representation
Rough out interface style
Multitude of sketches
Sketch variations and details
Sketch or low fidelity prototypesTask centered walkthrough and redesign
Fine tune interface, screen design
Heuristic evaluation and redesign
Usability testing and redesign
Low to medium fidelity prototypes
Limited field testing
Alpha/Beta tests
High fidelity prototypes
Working systems
excessive instruction
Sketches suggest
If you want to get the most out of a sketch…
…you need to leave big enough holes for the imagination to fit in
Microsoft clipart
You now know
Attributes of a sketch• quick , timely, disposable, plentiful, clear vocabulary,
constrained resolution, consistent with design state
A sketch is not a prototype• difference is a contrast of purpose (always), and form (mostly)
Sketch properties• evocative, suggest, explore, question, propose, provoke, t
Prototype properties• didactic, describe, refine, answer, test, resolve, specific,
depiction
Permissions
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Under the following conditions:•Attribution — You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work) by citing:
“from presentations accompanying the book ‘Sketching User Experiences, the Workbook’, by S. Greenberg, S. Carpendale, N. Marquardt and B. Buxton”
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