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What is a solution? A well-mixed mixture that contains a solvent and a solute. The solvent is the...

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Page 1: What is a solution?  A well-mixed mixture that contains a solvent and a solute.  The solvent is the largest amount of the mixture, usually liquid, but.

SOLUTIONS

Page 2: What is a solution?  A well-mixed mixture that contains a solvent and a solute.  The solvent is the largest amount of the mixture, usually liquid, but.

What is a solution?

A well-mixed mixture that contains a solvent and a solute.

The solvent is the largest amount of the mixture, usually liquid, but not always.

The solute is the substance dissolved by the solvent.

Page 3: What is a solution?  A well-mixed mixture that contains a solvent and a solute.  The solvent is the largest amount of the mixture, usually liquid, but.

Which of the following is the solvent in the solution of sugar and water?

sugar

water

oxygen

Page 4: What is a solution?  A well-mixed mixture that contains a solvent and a solute.  The solvent is the largest amount of the mixture, usually liquid, but.

Which is the solvent in a solution of soda pop?

Carbon dioxide

water

sugar

Page 5: What is a solution?  A well-mixed mixture that contains a solvent and a solute.  The solvent is the largest amount of the mixture, usually liquid, but.

Water is the universal solvent!

Page 6: What is a solution?  A well-mixed mixture that contains a solvent and a solute.  The solvent is the largest amount of the mixture, usually liquid, but.

Yes

No

Can you see through a solution?

Page 7: What is a solution?  A well-mixed mixture that contains a solvent and a solute.  The solvent is the largest amount of the mixture, usually liquid, but.

Colloids

Mixtures containing small, undissolved particles that do not settle out. Milk will not separate (unless its spoiled

– ewww) Colloids have larger particles than

solutions.

Other examples – shaving cream, fog, mayonnaise

Page 8: What is a solution?  A well-mixed mixture that contains a solvent and a solute.  The solvent is the largest amount of the mixture, usually liquid, but.

Suspensions

A mixture in which particles can be seen and easily separated by settling or filtration.

Examples: snow globe, sand in water, dust in air, paint

Page 9: What is a solution?  A well-mixed mixture that contains a solvent and a solute.  The solvent is the largest amount of the mixture, usually liquid, but.

Ionic Solutions

Remember from last unit that ionic compounds in solution can conduct electricity. ex: salt in water can transmit a current

Page 10: What is a solution?  A well-mixed mixture that contains a solvent and a solute.  The solvent is the largest amount of the mixture, usually liquid, but.

Review: What is an ionic compound?

2 or more non-metal atoms bonded together

2 or more metal atoms bonded together

1 metal and 1 non-metal atoms bonded together

Hydrogen bond

Page 11: What is a solution?  A well-mixed mixture that contains a solvent and a solute.  The solvent is the largest amount of the mixture, usually liquid, but.

Yes

No

Is table sugar (C12H22O11) an ionic compound?

Page 12: What is a solution?  A well-mixed mixture that contains a solvent and a solute.  The solvent is the largest amount of the mixture, usually liquid, but.

What happens to solvents when a solute is added?

-Freezing point lowered (think road salt)

Meaning that ice will melt at colder temperatures

-Boiling point increased (add to pot of water for noodles)

Page 13: What is a solution?  A well-mixed mixture that contains a solvent and a solute.  The solvent is the largest amount of the mixture, usually liquid, but.

Does salt water have a lower or higher freezing point than pure water?

Higher

Lower

Page 14: What is a solution?  A well-mixed mixture that contains a solvent and a solute.  The solvent is the largest amount of the mixture, usually liquid, but.

If you mix food coloring with water and make it green colored, what did you

make?

solution

suspension

colloid

Page 15: What is a solution?  A well-mixed mixture that contains a solvent and a solute.  The solvent is the largest amount of the mixture, usually liquid, but.

Concentration

The amount of solute in a solvent You can change the concentration of

a solution by adding or removing solvent of solute.

Page 16: What is a solution?  A well-mixed mixture that contains a solvent and a solute.  The solvent is the largest amount of the mixture, usually liquid, but.

Dilute solution

Mixture that has only a little solute dissolved in a certain amount of solvent.

Page 17: What is a solution?  A well-mixed mixture that contains a solvent and a solute.  The solvent is the largest amount of the mixture, usually liquid, but.

Concentrated Solution

Has a lot of solute compared to the amount of solvent.

Page 18: What is a solution?  A well-mixed mixture that contains a solvent and a solute.  The solvent is the largest amount of the mixture, usually liquid, but.

Scenario: You just made Kool Aid but it is too sweet. What can you do to make it taste less sweet?

Add more water

Add more sugar

Page 19: What is a solution?  A well-mixed mixture that contains a solvent and a solute.  The solvent is the largest amount of the mixture, usually liquid, but.

When you add more water, you are making the solution more dilute. You are decreasing the concentration of sugar in the solution by adding more water.

Page 20: What is a solution?  A well-mixed mixture that contains a solvent and a solute.  The solvent is the largest amount of the mixture, usually liquid, but.

Which part of the Kool Aid is the solute?

sugar

water

Page 21: What is a solution?  A well-mixed mixture that contains a solvent and a solute.  The solvent is the largest amount of the mixture, usually liquid, but.

Practice Calculating Concentration

Concentration = Amount of solute x 100

Amount of solution

Practice problem: A solution contains 12 grams of sugar dissolved in 36 grams of solution. What is the sugar concentration of the solution?

Page 22: What is a solution?  A well-mixed mixture that contains a solvent and a solute.  The solvent is the largest amount of the mixture, usually liquid, but.

Answer: 33%Did you get that?12 ÷ 36 = 0.33 x 100 = 33%

The solution has a sugar concentration of 33%

Page 23: What is a solution?  A well-mixed mixture that contains a solvent and a solute.  The solvent is the largest amount of the mixture, usually liquid, but.

Solubility

How much solute can be dissolved in a solvent at a given temperature.

When you’ve added so much solute that no more will go into solution, it is called a saturated solution.

If you can continue to add more solute, you have an unsaturated solution.

Page 24: What is a solution?  A well-mixed mixture that contains a solvent and a solute.  The solvent is the largest amount of the mixture, usually liquid, but.

We can use solubility to find an unknown substance because solubility is a characteristic property of matter.

Page 25: What is a solution?  A well-mixed mixture that contains a solvent and a solute.  The solvent is the largest amount of the mixture, usually liquid, but.

See page 96 in textbook – temperature and solubility analyzing data.

supersaturated

unsaturated

saturated

Page 26: What is a solution?  A well-mixed mixture that contains a solvent and a solute.  The solvent is the largest amount of the mixture, usually liquid, but.

What factors can affect solubility?

Pressure, time, type of solvent

Pressure, type of solvent, temperature

Pressure, concentration, humidity


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