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What is Critical Thinking?
Concerned with judging or assessing what is reasonable or sensible in a situation.
Focuses on quality of reasoning – can you support your position using factual information?
It’s effortful but not necessarily negative.
When is someone thinking critically?
A person is thinking critically only if he or she is attempting to assess or judge the merits of possible options in the light of relevant factors or criteria.
Reasons for embedding critical thinking into the classroom.
Fosters an important life skill.More motivating for students.Promotes understanding of the content.
What is Globalization?Globalization:
◦a set of processes through which the world’s peoples become increasingly interconnected.
◦Globalization101.org
Use the Foundations of Globalization worksheet to answer the next questions…
What benefits do you think Leonardo Fibonacci might have seen in the Indo-Arabic numerals?
benefits such as consistency, fairness, exportability, and cross-cultural and cross-linguistic understanding
What trade difficulties might have arisen when a buyer and seller used different numbering systems?
Trade difficulties could have included things such as agreeing on a price, payment, exchange rates, and fair value.
Why do you think the Indo-Arabic number system came to be so widely used?
as a system, Indo-Arabic was easy to learn and use, as well as logical and easy to reproduce
How might the development of a uniform international numbering system affect merchants?
Benefits such as easier trading, increased trust, more exports and imports and intercultural trade
How might the use of a single number system contribute to globalization?
Easier and increased global trade and promotion of trust contribute to globalization.
More to the story…
The numerals from 1 to 9 in the Indo-Arabic number system developed in India between 400 BCE and 400 CE, and eventually made their way to Europe in the 10th century.
But zero was not used until the ninth century CE — and arithmetic is much easier if you can use zero as a place holder.
The SILK ROAD
Extending over 8,000 km the routes enabled people to transport trade goods - especially luxuries such as:
SilkSatinsMuskrubies, diamonds, pearls, and rhubarb, while simultaneously serving as a conduit for the
spread of knowledge, ideas, cultures, and diseases between different parts of the world in China, India, Asia Minor and the Mediterranean.
The SILK ROADTrade on the Silk Road was a significant factor:
the development of great civilizations of China, India, Egypt, Persia, Arabia, and Rome, and in several respects helped lay the foundations for the modern world.
Although the term the Silk Road implies a continuous journey, very few who traveled the route traversed it from end to end.
For the most part, goods were transported by a series of agents on varying routes and were traded in the bustling mercantile markets of the oasis towns.
Read page 117…
Three distinct phases/rounds of globalization:First round during the era of the Silk Road people would trade goods and ideas – also
disease would be carried to new cultures as well
Three distinct phases/rounds of globalization:
Second round Began around the 1400’s New technologies were developed that
enabled Europeans to travel farther and faster – maps, compass, large square sails
Countries were able to protect their goods with cannons – intro. of gunpowder and muskets
Related to European Imperialism – one country’s domination over another country’s economic, political, and cultural institutions.
This round is classified as Historical globalization
Three distinct phases/rounds of globalization:
Third roundThe world is currently in this phaseBegan after WWII (1945)Rapid growth of world markets and instant
communicationRapid rise of China and India as world
economic powers
Second Round of GlobalizationVideo – Age of Discovery (2:22) and (15:28)Some Indigenous people around the world
do not applaud Columbus and his accomplishments: ◦Many Indigenous peoples died because of
diseases brought by the Europeans◦Europeans took land away from Indigenous
peoples◦Europeans imposed their religion on Indigenous
peoples◦Europeans often viewed the Indigenous peoples as
savages and treated Indigenous peoples badly