DEFENSE DEFENSE MECHANISMMECHANISM

BY

MD AAQUIB SAHRWARDI

INTRODUCTION

THE CONCEPT OF DEFENSE MECHANISM WAS INTRODUCED BY “FREUD” IN THE 1890’S.D.M ARE SUBCONSCIOUS ALMOST AUTOMATIC EGO PROTECTING REACTIONS TO UNPLEASANT SITUATIONS,PEOPLE USE THESE DEFEUSES TO OFTEN FEELINGS,TO ALLEVIATE FEELINGS OF GUILT AND TO PROTECT THEIR SENSE OF PERSONAL WORTH OR ADEQUACY.

FOR EXAMPLE

IF YOU ARE FACED WITH A PARTICULARLY UNPLEASANT TASK,YOUR MIND MAY CHOOSE TO FORGET YOUR RESPONSIBILITY IN ORDER TO AVOID

THE DREADED ASSIGNMENT,IN ADDICTION TO FORGETTING IT.

DEFENSE MECHANISMS

• ARE THE METHODS THE EGO USES TO AVOID FACING EMOTIONS OR IDEAS THAT CAUSE PAIN OR STRESS.

• DEFENSE MECHANISMS, LIKE THE ID, EGO AND SUPEREGO OPERATES BENEATH OUR CONSCIOUS.

TYPES OF DEFENSE MECHANISM

1. REPRESSION

2. RATIONALIZATION

3. DISPLACEMENT

4. REGRESSION

5. PROJECTION

6. REACTION FORMATION

7. DENIAL (OF REALITY)

8. SUBLIMATION

1. REPRESSION

• PUSHES PAINFUL OR STRESSFUL IDEAS INTO THE SUBCONSCIOUS.

• LIKE A TEA-KETTLE HOLDS IN STEAM, PEOPLE HOLD IN THEIR URGES.

Problem with repression

When steam builds up, the tea-kettle pops it’s lid.

2. RATIONALIZATION

• DISTORTS UNACCEPTABLE IDEAS AND BEHAVIORS TO JUSTIFY THEM. MAKES EXCUSES TO TRY TO MAKE IT SEEM LIKE UNACCEPTABLE BEHAVIOR IS OK.

Example…

EXAMPLE OF RATIONALIZATION

• A STUDENT WHO CHEATS ON A TEST MAY SAY:

• “I ONLY CHEATED ON A FEW QUESTIONS, I KNEW MOST OF THE ANSWERS!”

3. DISPLACEMENT

DISPLACEMENT: THE TRANSFER OF NEGATIVE EMOTIONS FROM ONE PERSON OR THING TO AN UNRELATED PERSON OR THING.

• “I DID SO POORLY ON MY SAT, I’LL JUST GO HOME AND KICK MY DOG.”

4. REGRESSION

USING CHILDLIKE WAYS FOR EXPRESSING EMOTIONS.

Example…

EXAMPLE OF REGRESSION

• SOMEONE WHO GETS DIVORCED MAY BECOME CLINGY TO PARENTS AGAIN LIKE THEY WERE AS A CHILD.

• OR CRYING, NAME CALLING, THROWING THINGS,

SWEARING ETC.

5. PROJECTION

PROJECTION: BLAME OTHER PEOPLE OR THINGS FOR YOUR FAILURE

FOR EXAMPLE:

• “IT’S MY MATH TEACHER’S FAULT I FAILED THE TEST”

6. REACTION FORMATION

• THIS MECHANISM HELPS THE PATIENT /CLIENT TO DEVELOP FEELINGS/ATTITUDES OPPOSITE TO THE ANXIETY PROVOKING ATTITUDES/FEELINGS UNACCEPTABLE IMPULSES ARE EXPRESSED IN ANTITHETICAL FORM.

Example……

EXAMPLE OF REACTION FORMATION

• ACTING LIKE YOU HATE SOMEONE YOU REALLY HAVE A CRUSH ON.

7. DENIAL OF REALITY

• A PERSON REFUSES TO ACCEPT THE REALITY OF ANYTHING THAT IS BAD.

Example…

EXAMPLE OF DENIAL

• PEOPLE THINK THAT THEY WON’T GET SICK AND DIE FROM SMOKING BECAUSE THEY ARE IN DENIAL.

8. SUBLIMATION

REDIRECTING BAD OR UNACCEPTABLE BEHAVIOR/EMOTIONS INTO POSITIVE BEHAVIOR.

-WE SUBLIMATE THE DESIRE TO FIGHT INTO THE RITUALISTIC

• ACTIVITIES OF FORMAL COMPETITION.

•-WHEN I’M ANGRY, I BOX AT THE GYM.

CONCLUSION

EFFECTS OF DEFENSE MECHANISMSUSING DEFENSE MECHANISMS CAN BE NORMAL TO PROTECT PEOPLE FROM PAINFUL FEELINGS. BUT ...

DEFENSE MECHANISMS CAN BE UNHEALTHY…

IF THE LEAD PEOPLE TO IGNORE THE ISSUES THAT CAUSE FEELINGS OF PAIN.

ACCORDING TO FREUD, IF YOU HAVE A HEALTHY EGO, YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO BALANCE THE ID AND SUPEREGO WITHOUT USING DEFENSE MECHANISMS

THANK YOU