ZoHEB ALAM KHANZoHEB ALAM KHANP.G.Scholar P.G.Scholar

D/o ILAJ BIT TADBEERD/o ILAJ BIT TADBEER

National Institute Of Unani MedicineNational Institute Of Unani MedicineBangaloreBangalore

DATE: 03.02.2016DATE: 03.02.2016

Journal Club PRESENTATION – AN OVER VIEW

It is a vital and core activity of any

Research / Academic institution. Scholars gather to discuss thread bare

or critically evaluate the contents of a scientific/ research articles published in a journal

Held once in a week

What is journal club

To improve the knowledge of Research Methodology & Biostatistics

To provide improvement for clinical practice by increasing exposure to the latest research findings

How to publish the research article To develop abilities to critically analyze

the research article Help people to learn and improve their

critical appraisal skills

Aim and advantages of Journal Club

Encourage evidence based medicine Promote awareness of research skills Keep abreast with new literature Encourage use of research Promote social contact Provide continuing medical education Stimulate debate, and improve

understanding of current topics.

Contd

1.Selection of Article

2.Evaluation of Article

3.Presentation of Article

Guidelines

1.Selection of Article

a) Paper of your own Interest

b) Article should report original particularly clinical research irrespective of outcome

c) Articles which draw editorial comments, from reputed research institutions or written by respected authors are generally worthy of presentation

d) Avoid reviews articles , retrospective studies, Industry sponsored articles.

e) Journal should preferably have impact factor, peer reviewed, indexed with national/global reach.

f) Approval from faculty

Title Authors and funding source Brief Intro about journal selected Abstract & Key words Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion Conclusion Take home message from article presented

Evaluation of the Article

Presentation of Article

Simple and concise

Variables to be specific

Should contain independent and dependent variable

May also reflect study design

Title

Who are the authors? Do you know any of their previous work? Has it been reliable?

The Institution/ Organization to which they belong and their designation,their contact no and e-mail to be mentioned.

Who paid for the study? This gives you a head start on knowing what sort of biases to look for.

Authors and funding source

Organ of which institution

Impact factor : if any

Peer reviewed or not

Indexed or not

National/International

Brief Intro about journal selected

JCR (JOURNAL CITATAION REPORTS) provide

quantitative tool for ranking, evaluating, categorizing journals.

The annual JCR impact factor is a ratio between citations and recent citable items publications

The ratio of the number of citations to the previous 2 years of the journal divided by the number of articles in those years — this is essentially the average number of recent citations per article ( eg: research papers, reviews published by that journal in those two years).

Impact factor

Abridged form of the whole article(Contain

the research design,objective methodolgy,result and conclusion)

Format as per journal guidelines Usually of 200 - 250 words Wordings reflect the whole article

Key words: As per journal guidelines Mostly taken from title Makes article search easy

Abstract

Background of the articleI. Research question posed & objective/

purpose of study clearly stated ?II. Hypothesis clearly stated ?

What is the context and motivation for doing the study? (Need of the study) – justified or not Brief literature review of disease and drug Prevalence of disease Objective of the study

Introduction

Study design Source of data, Place of study, and duration of trial Whether GCP guidelines followed Inclusion/ Enrollment criteria Exclusion criteria Sample size Treatment schedule (dose, form, mode of administration and protocol

duration) Laboratory investigations (Diagnostic, safety ) Criteria for assessment ( subjective and objective parameters) Statistical analysis Primary and secondary end points

Material and Methods

Three Elements/ components:I.Is it a controlled study – If yes; whether standard/placebo/plain ?II.Randomized or not ?III.Open or blinded study Randomized double blind controlled trial Open observational clinical Case series Cohort study (epidemiological) Case-Control/Non experimental Cross-sectional/PrevalenceEach study type has its strengths and weaknesses

Study design

Demography data

Clinical response (Subjective parameters)

Scales/Scores/Indices (Semi objective parameters)

Laboratory/Imaging tests (Objective parameters)

Generally summarized in tables/graphs

Consider both the statistical significance and the effect size-the magnitude of difference between the groups.

Results

Deals with the interpretation of results

What inference could be drawn from the study

What are the possible strength/limitations and biases or flaws of the study?

Estimate the likelihood that each of biases has affected the validity of the study, and what direction would affect results.

To correlate the present findings with the related previous studies

Discussion

Whether the objective of the study

achieved ? Whether it answers the research

question? What are the primary and secondary out

come of the study ? Application of the study: Is the information helpful to medical

practice? Does it present ideas for future research?

Conclusions

Preparation is the key to a lively and

successful journal club

Enrich your knowledge of research through active participation with meaningful exchange of information

Journal club is the first step & key to success for publication of scientific papers

Summary