WHAT IS LEARNING?

Dr. James M. Alo, RN, MAN, MAPsycho, PHD.

is acquiring new

knowledge,

behaviors, skills,

values, preferences

or understanding,

and may involve

synthesizing

different types of

information.

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Types of learning

1. Experiential Learning - is the process of

formulating meaning from direct experience.

Aristotle once said, "For

the things we have to

learn before we can do them, we learn by doing

them."

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2.Simple non-associative learning

a. Habituation- there is a progressive diminution of behavioral response probability with repetition of a stimulus.

b. Sensitization- progressive amplification of a response follows repeated administrations of a stimulus.

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3. Associative learning- element is learned through association with a separate, pre-occurring element.

a. Operant conditioning- conditioning is the use of consequences to modify the occurrence and form of behavior.

b. Classical conditioning- involves repeatedly pairing an unconditioned stimulus (which unfailingly evokes a particular response) with another previously neutral stimulus (which does not normally evoke the response).

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4. Imprinting

- learning occurring at a

particular age or a

particular life stage that is

rapid and apparently

independent of the

consequences of

behavior.

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5. Observational learning

-most characteristic of humans is imitation; one's

personal repetition of an observed behavior.

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6. Play

- generally describes behavior which has no

particular end in itself, but improves performance in

similar situations in the future.

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7. Enculturation

- a person learns the requirements of the culture by

which he or she is surrounded, and acquires values

and behaviors that are appropriate or necessary in

that culture.

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8. Multimedia learning

- learner uses multimedia learning environments.

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9. e-Learning and Augmented Learning

- learner interacts with the e-learning environment,

it's called augmented learning.

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10. Rote learning-

- focuses on memorizing the material so that it can be recalled by the learner exactly the way it was read or heard.

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11. Informal learning

- learning occurs through the experience of day-to-day situations.

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12. Formal learning

- is learning that takes place within a teacher-student relationship, such as in a school system.

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13. Non-formal learning

- is organized learning outside the formal learning system. For example: learning by coming together with people with similar interests and exchanging viewpoints, in clubs or in (international) youth organizations, workshops.

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14.Non-formal learning and combined approaches

- The educational system may use a combination of formal, informal, and non-formal learning methods.

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15. Tangential Learning

- is the process by which some portion of people will self-educate if a topic is exposed to them in something that they already enjoy such as playing an instrument like the guitar or playing the drums.

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16. Dialogic Learning

- learning based on dialogue.

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Domains of learning

1. Cognitive--such as learning to recall facts, to analyze, and to solve a problem.

2. Psychomotor--such as learning to perform the correct steps in a dance, learning to swim, learning to ride a bicycle, or drive a car; and

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3. Affective--such as learning how to like someone, "to hate sin", to love one's country (patriotism), to worship God, or to move on after a failed relationship.

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OTHER Types of Learning

1. Didactic learning- Instructive or intended to teach

or demonstrate,

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2. Experiential education

- transactive process between teacher and student

involved in direct experience with the learning

environment and content.

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3. Action learning

- focuses on research into action taken and

knowledge emerges as a result that should lead to

the improvement of skills and performance.

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4. Adventure learning

- hybrid distance education approach that provides

students with opportunities to explore real-world

issues through authentic learning experiences within

collaborative learning environments.

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5. Free-choice learning

- Everyone engages in free-choice learning every day.

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6. Cooperative learning

- learning environments, students interact in

purposely structured heterogeneous groups to

support the learning of oneself and others in the

same group.

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7. Service learning

- learning as a method of teaching, learning and

reflecting that combines academic classroom

curriculum with meaningful service.

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Thank you.

- Dr. James M. Alo

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