• OSistheinterfacebetweenhardwareanduser• AllcomputersneedanOS• OSes areusedtorunapplicationsandcontrolhardware• PopularOSes includeWindows,Linux,MacOSX• LinuxisOpensource
WhatisLinux- OperatingSystem
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TheHistoricalDevelopmentofLinux
• Intheearly1990s,Torvalds becameinterestedinafreewareproductcalledMinixwerewrittenbyAndrewS.Tanenbaum.DevelopedbyAndrewS.Tanenbaum,MinixwasacloneofthecommercialUNIXoperatingsystem.
• Linuxversion0.02,releasedonOctober5,1991,consistedofonlytheLinuxkernelandthreeutilities:■ bash:acommand-lineinterface■ update:autilityforflushingfilesystembuffers■ gcc:aC++compiler
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WhatisGNU?
• GNUProject:RichardStallman onSeptember27th1983.• TheGNUProjectwaslaunchedin1984todevelopa
completeUnix-likeoperatingsystemwhichisfreesoftware:theGNUsystem.
• GNU'skernelisn'tfinished,soGNUisusedwiththekernelLinux.ThecombinationofGNUandLinuxistheGNU/Linuxoperatingsystem,nowusedbymillions.
• www.gnu.org
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RichardStallman,fatheroftheGNUProject
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LinuxDistributions• Todaytherearehundredsofdifferentdistributions
availablepopularLinuxdistributionsinclude
■ SUSELinux ■ TurboLinux■ FedoraLinux ■MandrakeLinux■ RedHatEnterpriseLinux ■ LycorisLinux■ DebianLinux■ CentOS ■ Linspire■ ALTLinux■ GentooLinux ■ Ubuntu
■SlackwareLinux
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Distributions..
– SoftwarePackages– Installer– Re-configure– Update/Patch– CommercialSoftware– UserGuide
WhereLinuxisused
WhereLinuxisused
Linuxinthe“wild”
Linuxinthe“wild”
Linuxinthe“wild”
Linuxinthe“wild”
RedHatLinux
• A2001studyof RedHatLinux 7.1foundthatthisdistributioncontained30million sourcelinesofcode.[101] Usingthe ConstructiveCostModel,thestudyestimatedthatthisdistributionrequiredabouteightthousandhuman-yearsofdevelopmenttime.Accordingtothestudy,ifallthissoftwarehadbeendevelopedbyconventional proprietary means,itwouldhavecostabout$1.38 billion(2011USdollars)todevelopintheUnitedStates.
CentOS
• CommunityEnterpriseOperatingsystem• “Free”versionofRedHatEnterpriseLinux• Version6• Centos.org
Ubuntu
