What is LTE?What is LTE?The primer for everything?!

Lars Dittmann

Head of Communication Technology Cluster

LTE – a capacity driven development!What about reliability and availability?What about reliability and availability?

Source: NSN

2 DTU Fotonik, Technical University of Denmark

Source: NSN

What is LTE? to get things clear from the beginning– to get things clear from the beginning

Source:Source:LTE world map

• LTE = Long Term Evolution (after that we have LTE advanced)g ( )• LTE = 4G ?

– NO – at least not technical ( a needed system to exploit available frequency bands)q y )

• LTE = replacement for UMTS 3G?– NO – a parallel infrastructure to handle the massive growth in data

traffic (similar to the introduction of xDSL in wired access)

3 DTU Fotonik, Technical University of Denmark

Towards LTE - standardization

• Universal Mobile Telecommunication SystemUniversal Mobile Telecommunication System• One of many 3G networks

– UMTSCDMA2000– CDMA2000

– TD-SCDMA• Standardization: 3GPP• 3rd generation partnership project• 3GPP standards

– Release 99 (R99) current UMTS implementation( ) p– Release 4 (minor improvements)– Release 5 (HSDPA)– Release 6 (HSUPA)Release 6 (HSUPA)– Release 7 (MIMO, TD-SCDMA)– Release 8 (LTE) 3.9 G

Release 9 (WIMAX and LTE/UMTS Interoperability)

4 DTU Fotonik, Technical University of Denmark

– Release 9 (WIMAX and LTE/UMTS Interoperability)– Release 10 (LTE advanced) 4G

Why is LTE not 4G ?

NMT: First ”real” mobile network 1G• NMT: First ”real” mobile network 1G• GSM: First digital network 2G• UMTS: New radio access method and higher capacityUMTS: New radio access method and higher capacity• Satisfies ITU-T’s IMT-2000 requirements 3G• LTE: Does NOT satisfy ITU-T’s IMT-Advanced requirements

O l f f h ‘ G’ l b l Does NOT qualify for the ‘4G’ label

• LTE-Advanced: Does satisfy IMT-Advanced requirements • LTE Advanced: Does satisfy IMT Advanced requirements ”True” 4G

5 DTU Fotonik, Technical University of Denmark

LTE key features

• New air-interface that can work in small and large frequency bands (compared to UMTS that requires a full 5 MHz slot)

• Very adaptive to available frequency band (dynamically)• Very adaptive to available frequency band (dynamically)• OFDM proven and verified multiplexing techniques• Simplified RAN architecture – fewer network elements • All IP – but still………

6 DTU Fotonik, Technical University of Denmark

LTE radio access – at a glance

Duplexing• Duplexing–FDD – frequency division duplex–TDD also availableTDD also available

• Multiplexing and multiple access–Downlink: OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency division Multiple

) k b 300 bAccess) Peak bit rates 300 Mbps–Uplink: SC-FDMA (single carrier Frequency Division Multiple

access) Peak bit rates 75 Mbpsaccess) ea b t ates 5 bps• Frequency bands

–Currently 22 bands defined!! –Examples

• 700, 850, 1800, 1900, 2100, 2600 MHz bands• 1800 and 2600 bands are being rolled out in Denmark

7 DTU Fotonik, Technical University of Denmark

• 1800 and 2600 bands are being rolled out in Denmarkmainly band 7 (2600 MHz)

TDM combined with OFDM

8 DTU Fotonik, Technical University of DenmarkSource : CERT.nat.tn

TDM combined with OFDM

9 DTU Fotonik, Technical University of DenmarkSource : CERT.nat.tn

OFDM in time and/or frequency domain

10 DTU Fotonik, Technical University of Denmark

Capacity bottleneck- not only in the air interface also in the - not only in the air interface also in the fronthaul/backhaul part of the mobile access

C J

● Industrial area – 60% of the total load in the network from 9 to 16 (except 12‐13)● Commercial area – 40% of the total load in the network from 

A1

A

A3 D

F1

F

F3

C1

C2

C3

I

J1

J2

J3

12 to 13 and 17‐20● Residential area – 70% of the total load in the network from 20 to 23

A2B1

B

B3

1

D2

D3

E1

E

G1

G

G3

F2

H1

1

I2

I3

HARP Project goal: providing more efficient andmore flexible mobile communication infrastructure, using remote radio heads anddirection oriented antennas

11 DTU Fotonik, Technical University of Denmark

2

E2

E3

21

H2

H3

direction oriented antennas.

http://www.fp7-harp.eu/cooperation.html

Communication networks are many things –usually based on same principles but with usually based on same principles, but with different requirements.

Increased demand for reliable and secure communication

12 DTU Fotonik, Technical University of Denmark

Rail control networks

RobustRailShttp://www.robustrails.man.dtu.dk/

Objectives: to study contributions of telecommunication infrastructure to robustness of future railway operation

13 DTU Fotonik, Technical University of Denmark

robustness of future railway operation from different points of view: interoperation, flexibility, capability, etc.

eHealth - eLiving

• Telemedicine – a strategic goal for Denmark and Europe (with significant investment.

1/3 less beds in future hospitals more people being treated @home– 1/3 less beds in future hospitals – more people being treated @home.– Ensure reliable communication and home network infrastructure.– Enabling benefit for both patients/elderly people and society.

14 DTU Fotonik, Technical University of Denmark Source: NATIONAL HANDLINGSPLAN FOR UDBREDELSE AF TELEMEDICIN (ISBN: 978-87-995008-9-5)

Smart Grid, Smart Cities, Smart “everything”

• Smart Grid/City communication

everything ….

• Smart Grid/City communication. • General communication systems for M2M application.• Focus on protocol design and verification with respect to

reliability robustness and fault management.• Infrastructure with high resilience and fault recovery.• Integrated solution – not dedicated solutions (exploiting g ( p g

virtualization).

15 DTU Fotonik, Technical University of Denmark

Source : www.gridwise.org

Network as a service – the way to differentiate and secure applications and users the way to differentiate and secure applications and users.

16 DTU Fotonik, Technical University of Denmark Source: EU Fp7 project Geysers

17 DTU Fotonik, Technical University of Denmark

LTE a primer for many thing, b t b bl t thibut probably not everything.

18 DTU Fotonik, Technical University of Denmark