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What is the most important technological advancement (invention) of the last 10 years?20?50?100?
In what way did this invention/advancement improve or change the lives of the people?
Chapter 9Industrial Revolution,
Capitalism and Communism Chapter 14/1 & 2
Russian RevolutionChapter 13World War 1
IR is Inspired by the Agricultural Revolution
IR refers to the greatly increased output of machine-made goods
Began in England in the 1700’s
Land
Labor
Capital
Upper Class – Rich land owners - Old Money
Upper Middle Class – Entrepreneurs – New business owners (factories)
_______________________Lower Middle Class –
Skilled workers & shop owners
Lower Class – Factory and unskilled workers
Living & working conditions
Unfair labor practices (Unions)
Child/Cheap laborInspires and increases
immigrationUrbanizationChanges global
economic & political power structure
Question the role of gov’t in the economy
Opposing Opposing economic economic ideologiesideologies
Differences are Differences are magnified during the magnified during the IRIR
Inspired political Inspired political rivalries throughout rivalries throughout the worldthe world
“An economic system in which money is invested with the goal of making more money (profit).”
The Wealth of Nations - 1776
Free-market Capitalism
An “invisible hand” would guide the economy
Laissez-faire – government should be hands-off of the economy
Why does our society place so much emphasis the WANTS of the people and less emphasis on the NEEDS of the people?
Should our government be MORE involved in providing for the NEEDS of the people?
“An economic system in which all means of production – land, factories, railroads, and businesses – are owned by the people, private property does not exist, and all goods and services are shared equally”
The Communist Manifesto 1848
Predicted that the workers would someday REVOLT against the wealthy
Capitalism would destroy itself
IR is driven by Capitalism
Inequities created by IR create an ideological GAP btwn CAP & COMM
Czar Nicholas IIMaintained old-regime
type controlSame problems as
France during FR
“Peace, Land, Bread”Led by Vladimir LeninCzar and family killed
A Marx-like “classless” society, except….with one ruling class
1922- United Soviet Socialist Republic (USSR)
Joseph Stalin
Battle for control
Joseph Stalin more brutal than
Lenin; purges
Totalitarian State
“Stalin – Man of Steel”
1. Define Capitalism2. Define Communism.3. What other “revolution” inspired the Industrial Revolution?4. Name the 3 Factors of Production in the IR.5. What is a “Monopoly”, and why are they bad?6. Who is “The father of Capitalism” and what is his book?
7. Define Laissez-Faire and Free-Market.
8. Who is “The Father of Communism” and what is his book?
9. In the USSR, what were “collectives”? What role did the NKVD play?
10. What happened to people living the Ukraine under Stalin’s rule? Why did this happen?
What is your opinion regarding Wal-Mart…is it good or bad for America?TWO examples from
debateSpecific facts/data
Your opinion supported by evidence presented in class and further research you may do in preparation.
Is your opinion NOW
different than BEFORE the debate? If so, what caused it to change?
Five-paragraph essay,“Is Wal-Mart Good for America?”
Page 368 Name and color
Triple Entente (Allied Countries)
Triple Alliance (Central Powers)
Neutral Countries
There had been peace in Europe for years
However, many forces were at work to destroy the peace
Otto von Bismarck – Germany and Realpolitik
OTTO von BISMARCK
NATIONALISMLocal competition
for resources and materialsCreates rivalry
IMPERIALISMOverseas conflict for
territories Creates mistrust
MILITARISMSee definition
THE BALKAN COUNTRIESSoutheastern EuropeGateway to Mediterranean
ALLIANCE SYSTEMCentral Powers
Germany, Austria-HungaryAllied Powers
England, France (U.S.)
ASSASSINATION OF FRANZ FERDINANDSee video
“Glorifying military power and keeping a strong military always ready for war”
Kept citizens feeling safe and patriotic
Increased economy of each nation
Countries competed with each other
Austro-Hungarian heir to the throne assassinated June 28, 1914 on visit to Bosnia
Gavrilo Princip (Serbian Black Hand) committed to ridding Serbia of Austrian rule
Austria-Hungary sends troops to Serbia, and Germany supports them
Russia supported Serbia and sent troops to Austria – bcz of ALLIANCE SYSTEM
http://spartans.sstx.org/~ccolvin/history11/WWI%20Onion%20map.pdf
1. Prior to WW1, Otto von Bismarck was the leader of ………………..
2. Germany and France fighting over Alsace-Lorraine is an example of………………..
3. European countries fighting over areas of Africa is an example of………………..
4. Building more weapons is an example of ……….
5. The assassination of Franz Ferdinand is an example of extreme…………………
6. Serbia, Bosnia and Greece are all …………………countries
7. Franz Ferdinand was assassinated by Person.
8. Franz Ferdinand was assassinated by Group.
9. England and France belonged to the Triple …………..
10. Germany and Austria-Hungary belonged to the Triple……….
Is there anything you would willingly die for?
If so, what is it?
If not, what is the biggest personal sacrifice you have ever made?
German troops would race west to fight France then come back and fight Russia (which is slower to mobilize)
BUT Belgium is neutral
First Battle of the Marne defeated the Germans and saved the Allied Powers
This two front war would quickly become a stalemate everywhere
Western Front fought to a “draw”
Trench warfareWar of Attrition
War spreading to ROW
Trench Warfare
Poison GasMachine GunTank AirplanesSubmarines
1918 Spanish Flu Epidemic
At least 50 million people died around the world
Balfour DeclarationCalls for a Jewish
Homeland Eventually lead to
creation of Israel
Prez Wilson declared war April 2, 1917WHY? Because of…
1.Unrestricted German sub activity (Lusitania)
2.Cultural ties3.Economic ties4.War atrocities5.Zimmerman Note –
Mexico vs US?
“Total War” Lusitania May 7, 1915
Allied failureAustralians (ANZAC)
vs Turks (Ottoman Empire)
Over 500,000 total casualties with a 60% casualty rate
Rocky/hilly terrain, heavily defended
Example of the senseless death
Germany surrendered and declared itself Weimar Republic
Armistice signed November 11, 1918 in a railroad car near Paris
Remember this RR car!
Wilson’s 14 Points – peace plan
Wanted Self-determination and a League of Nations
Britain and France wanted harsh punishment for Germany
Compromised with the Treaty of Versailles – June 28, 1919
Very hard on Germany – See Hitler, Adolf
German Territorial Losses and new countries (Map)
German Military Restrictions
War Reparations - $$League of NationsWar Guilt Clause (MOST
DAMAGING)
RESULTS: No country is happy
and TOV creates more animosity and anger
WW2!!
No country happy with ToV
Did not build a lasting peace
Created more animosity and hate
Ultimately led to WWII
Page 382 Name, color compare Countries with same name BUT lost or gained landNEWLY independent or newly created countries Countries that stayed EXACTLY the same as before the war