1www.stringtechnologies.net
www.unistring.com
VL
SI
foru
m2
www.stringtechnologies.net
www.unistring.com
VL
SI
foru
m
VLSI design styles–
An Introduction
By
K. Vasu
Senior Application Engineer
VLSI & EH group
Unistring Tech Solutions Pvt. Ltd
# D10, 5th Floor, Eureka court, Beside Image hospitals, Ameerpet,
Hyderabad, ph:040-23732798, 09440318188
www.unistring.com
String Technologies
#309, Vedericomplex, oppDilshukNagarbus Depot, Dilsukhnagar, H
yderabad,
ph: 040 –24151900
www.stringtechnologies.net
UTS VLSI forum
3www.stringtechnologies.net
www.unistring.com
VL
SI
foru
m
Chips
•Integrated circuits consist of:
–A small square or rectangular “die”, < 1mm thick
•Small die: 1.5 m
m x 1.5 m
m => 2.25 m
m2
•Large die: 15 m
m x 15 m
m => 225 m
m2
–Larger die sizes m
ean:
•More logic, mem
ory
•Less volume
•Less yield
–Dies are made from silicon (substrate)
•Substrate provides m
echanical support and electrical common point
4www.stringtechnologies.net
www.unistring.com
VL
SI
foru
m
What is VLSI
•What is VLSI?
–“V
ery Large Scale Integration”
–Defines integration level
–1980s hold-over from outdated taxonomy for integration levels
•Obviously influenced from frequency bands, i.e. HF, VHF, UHF
–Sources disagree on what is measured (gates or transistors?)
•SSI –Small-Scale Integration (0-102)
•MSI –Medium-Scale Integration (102-103)
•LSI –Large-Scale Integration (103-105)
•VLSI –Very Large-Scale Integration (105-107)
•ULSI –Ultra Large-Scale Integration (>= 107)
5www.stringtechnologies.net
www.unistring.com
VL
SI
foru
m
VLSI design M
ethodologies
•Full-Custom VLSI Design
•Sem
i-Custom VLSI Design
Standard cell based IC technology
Structured ASIC IC technology
Programmable Logic Device (PLD) IC technology
6www.stringtechnologies.net
www.unistring.com
VL
SI
foru
m
Issues in Full Custom design
•Placement
•Routing
•Sizing
•Design Rules
7www.stringtechnologies.net
www.unistring.com
VL
SI
foru
m
•Best size, power, perform
ance
•Hand design
•Physical design tools
Issues in Full Custom design (continued ..)
8www.stringtechnologies.net
www.unistring.com
VL
SI
foru
m
Sem
i-Custom standard cell based IC Technology
•Standard Cell
–A library of pre-designed cell
–Place and route
–Integrate to yield final layout
ASIC
9www.stringtechnologies.net
www.unistring.com
VL
SI
foru
m
•Gate Arrays
–Array of prefabricated gates
–“place” and route
–Higher density, faster tim
e-to-m
arket
–Does not integrate as well with full-custom
Sem
i-Custom G
ate Arrays Technology
Structured
ASIC
10
www.stringtechnologies.net
www.unistring.com
VL
SI
foru
m
Sem
i-custom Programmable Logic Device
(PLD) IC
Technology
(2) Complex Programmable Logic Devices (CPLD)
-Large granularity devices
-Typically consists of 50 Sim
ple Programmable Logic Devices
(SPLD)
(1) Field Programmable G
ate Arrays (FPGA)
-Medium granularity devices
-Mem
ber of class of devices called Field Programmable Logic (FPL)
11
www.stringtechnologies.net
www.unistring.com
VL
SI
foru
m
FPGA CPLD
Full-custom Vs Sem
i-custom
12
www.stringtechnologies.net
www.unistring.com
VL
SI
foru
m
Design Abstraction Levels n+
n+
S
G
D
+
DEVIC
E
CIR
CUIT
GATE
MODULE
SYSTEM
13
www.stringtechnologies.net
www.unistring.com
VL
SI
foru
m
ASIC design flow
architectural
simulation
floorplan
register-transfer
design
logic
design
circuit
design
layout
functional/
perform
ance
verification
testability
detailed
specs
tapeout
14
www.stringtechnologies.net
www.unistring.com
VL
SI
foru
m
ASIC Synthesis Flow
High-Level
Synthesis
Logic
Synthesis
Physical
Design
Fabrication and
Packaging
15
www.stringtechnologies.net
www.unistring.com
VL
SI
foru
mFPGA Design Process
Functional Design
Register Transfer
Level Design
Synthesis
Place and Route
Physical Design
Requirements
VHDL M
odel
VHDL M
odel
Logic Sim
ulation
Behavioral Sim
ulation
16
www.stringtechnologies.net
www.unistring.com
VL
SI
foru
m
Thank you