What is volume? Volume – (def.) the

amount of space an object takes up

How could you find the

volume of a glass ofwater? A penny? Glass of water –

measure out the volume using a graduated cylinder

Penny – use the “Water Displacement Method”

Volume: Graduated Cylinder

Graduated cylinder (def) – A cylindrical tool used to measure the volume of liquids and irregular solids Found in various sizes to hold different volumes of liquid

Measured in milliliters (mL)

Tool: The Graduated Cylinder

Metric Benchmark:• The base unit used to measure volume in the metric system is the liter (L) • The volume of 1 liter was determined by calculating the size of one cubic decimeter • 10 cm x 10 cm x 10 cm = 1000 cm³ = 1L

WHAT IS A LITER?

Which is larger? A. 1 liter or 1 gallonB. 1 liter or 1 quartC. 1 milliliter or 1 fluid ounce

It would take approximately 3 ¾ 1-liter bottles to equal a

gallon.

1 gallon = 3.79 liters

1 fl oz = 29.573 mLOne 12-oz can of soda would

equal approximately

355 mL1 liter = 1.06 quarts

STANDARD VS. METRIC

SO HOW BIG IS A LITER?• 1 milliliter (mL) = 1 cm3 (or cc) = 1

gram*• 5 milliliter (mL) = 1 teaspoon• 15 milliliter (mL) = 1 tablespoon• 240 milliliter (mL) = 1 cup• 1 liter (L) = 1000 milliliters (mL)• 3.8 liters (L) = 1 gallon

To find the volume of a liquid…1. Pour the liquid into a graduated cylinder

(Be sure to use a measuring tool that is close in size to the object you are measuring! )

2. Look at the water at eye level

If you look closely you will see that the surface of the water is not straight across, but curves slightly

This curve is called a “meniscus”

3. Read the line where the meniscus touches as the volume of liquid being measured

The meniscus is (def.) the concave surface of a liquid used to determine volume in a graduated cylinder

To read the meniscus, look at the lowest point of the curve at eye level. *The meniscus forms when the molecules of the

liquid become attracted to side of the container that holds them

WHAT IS A MENISCUS?

Step 1: Find the two labels surrounding the water level. *The meniscus is between 50 mL and 60 mL

Step 2: Use the labels to find the nearest graduated increment. Count up from the smaller line.*The meniscus is between 52 mL and 53 mL Step 3: Estimate the water level

as accurately as possible based on the placement of the meniscus on the line.*The meniscus is about ¾ of the way between 52 mL and 53 mL, so the final reading would be 52.75 mL

Practice finding the volume for the next few graduated cylinders:

• In between what two markings does the meniscus fall between?

• What exact marking does the meniscus touch?

• Between which two markings does the level fall?

(Hint: Notice the interval markings)• What exact marking does the meniscus touch?

PRACTICE PROBLEMS

Measuring Irregular Solid Objects

Technique 1: To find the volume of an irregularly shaped object, you must use a method called the “Water Displacement Method”

How do I find the volume of this modeltriceratops??

The Water Displacement Method

Step 1 – Measure the volume of water in your graduated cylinder. Record your information.

Step 2 – Place the solid object into the cylinder.

Step 3 – Measure the new water level.

Step 4 – Subtract the old water level from the new water level. You now have the volume of the solid object.

New Volume – Old Volume = Difference

(Volume of object being measured)

Measuring Solid Objects Technique 2: To find the volume of a

Rectangular Prism…

Multiply the length (l) x width (w) x height (h)

What is the volume of thisrectangular prism? l = 5 cm, w = 4 cm, h = 10 cm 5 cm x 4 cm x 10 cm 200 cm³

h

wl

Measuring Solid Objects Technique 3: To find the volume of a

Cylindrical Prism…

Multiply ∏ r² h

What is the volume of thiscylindrical prism? ∏ = 3.14 r = 5 cm h = 6 cm

Accelerated Bellwork:Find the volume shown in each of the

following graduated cylinders:Write your units in mL, cL, dL and L

AB

C

Accelerated Bellwork:

52.75 mL5.275 cL0.5275 dL0.05275 L

6.6 mL0.66 cL0.066 dL0.0066 L

76 mL7.6 cL0.76 dL0.076 L

A

B

C

Find the volume shown by each of the following graduated cylinders:

Science 8 Bellwork:

A B C

9.75 mL

Science 8 Bellwork:A B C

• 6.1 mL

• 35 mL