What’s new with manure: long term

trendsJohn Peters

Department of Soil ScienceUniversity of Wisconsin – Madison

Introduction

Expanded interest in knowing the nutrient content of manure.

New species and management categories established.

Acknowledgment

Data for this summary was provided by the following laboratories.

– AgSource Laboratory– Dairyland Laboratory– Rock River Laboratory– UW Soil and Forage Laboratory

Laboratory Data 22,903 lab values from 1998-2008 were

summarized by management (liquid vs. solid) and species

Includes 10,476 liquid dairy, 4,769 solid dairy, 408 solid beef, 1,720 solid poultry, 1,045 liquid swine and 141 solid swine samples, as well as smaller numbers of samples for other species

“Book Values”

Nutrient concentrations can be estimated using “book” values for available N, P2O5, and K2O

Testing is needed to determine if a farm is typical and to establish an individual farm “typical” value

If management and feeding practices do not change, manure analysis values will not vary significantly on a farm

Estimated first-year nutrient availability of various manures*

Species N P2O5 K2O SDairy, surface applied 30% 60% 80% 60%Dairy, incorporated 40% 60% 80% 60%Beef, surface applied 25% 60% 80% 60%Beef, incorporated 35% 60% 80% 60%Swine, solid surface applied 50% 60% 80% 60%Swine, solid incorporated 65% 60% 80% 60%Poultry, solid surface applied 50% 60% 80% 60%Poultry, solid incorporated 60% 60% 80% 60%

* If manure has been applied to the same field at similar rates for 2 consecutive years, increase the nutrient values an additional 10%. If manure has been applied to the same field at similar rates for three or more consecutive years, increase the nutrient values by 15%.

Comparison of dairy manure summary results with existing book values

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

N 1998

-2008

N A

2809

N MW

PS

P2O5 1

998-2

008

P2O5 A

2809

P2O5 M

WPS

K2O 19

98-20

08

K2O A

2809

K2O M

WPS

lbs/ton lbs/1000gal

Comparison of liquid swine manure summary results with book values

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

N 1998

-2008

N A280

9

N MWPS

P2O5 1

998-2

008

P2O5 A

2809

P2O5 M

WPS

K2O 1998-2

008

K2O A28

09

K2O MWPS

Swine-finish (indoor) Swine-finish (outdoor) Swine (farrow-nursery)

Comparison of solid swine manure summary results with book values

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

N 1998

-2008

N A280

9

N MWPS

P2O5 1

998-2

008

P2O5 A

2809

P2O5 M

WPS

K2O 1998-2

008

K2O A28

09

K2O MWPS

lbs/ton

Comparison of solid poultry manure summary results with book values

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

N 1998

-2008

N A280

9

N MWPS

P2O5 1

998-2

008

P2O5 A

2809

P2O5 M

WPS

K2O 1998-2

008

K2O A28

09

K2O MWPS

duck turkey

Comparison of solid chicken manure summary results with book values

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

N 1998

-2008

N A280

9

N MWPS

P2O5 1

998-2

008

P2O5 A

2809

P2O5 M

WPS

K2O 1998-2

008

K2O A28

09

K2O MWPS

chicken broiler chicken layer

Long term trends in N content of dairy manure

Solid Dairy N Trend

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

Liquid Dairy N Trend

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

Long term trends in P content of dairy manure

Solid Dairy P2O5 Trend

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

Liquid Dairy P2O5 Trend

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

Long term trends in K content of dairy manure

Soild Dairy K2O Trend

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

Liquid Dairy K2O Trend

0

5

10

15

20

25

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

Long term trends in N content of liquid swine manure

Liquid Swine N Trend

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

19981999

20002001

20022003

20042005

20062007

2008

Long term trends in P content of liquid swine manure

Liquid Swine P2O5 Trend

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

19981999

20002001

20022003

20042005

20062007

2008

Long term trends in K content of liquid swine manure

Liquid Swine K2O Trend

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

19981999

20002001

20022003

20042005

20062007

2008

Long term trends in N content of solid poultry manure

Solid Poultry N Trend

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

19981999

20002001

20022003

20042005

20062007

2008

Long term trends in P content of solid poultry manure

Solid Poultry P2O5 Trend

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

19981999

20002001

20022003

20042005

20062007

2008

Long term trends in K content of solid poultry manure

Solid Poultry K2O Trend

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

19981999

20002001

20022003

20042005

20062007

2008

Long term trends in N content of solid beef manure

Solid Beef N Trend

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

19981999

20002001

20022003

20042005

20062007

2008

Long term trends in P content of solid beef manure

Solid Beef P2O5 Trend

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

19981999

20002001

20022003

20042005

20062007

2008

Long term trends in K content of solid beef manure

Solid Beef K2O Trend

0

5

10

15

20

25

19981999

20002001

20022003

20042005

20062007

2008

Liquid dairy manure nutrient content by region, WI (1998-2008)

281226

NitrogenP2O5K2O

259

23

258

22261119

249

20

228

18218

18

218

19

249

20

249

21

State Avg

Solid dairy manure nutrient content by region, WI (1998-2008)

126

11

NitrogenP2O5K2O

1355

105

11

104

10

1158

126

15

127

11

117

11

116

12

116

10

State Avg

Long term trends in P levels in liquid dairy manure vs. TMRs

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

P 2O

5 lb

s/10

00 g

al

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

P2O5 in liquid dairy manure %P in TMRs

% P

Long term trends in P levels in solid dairy manure vs. TMRs

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

P 2O

5 lb

s/to

n

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

P2O5 in solid dairy manure %P in TMRs

%P

Comparison of analyzed and “typical” manure nutrient content

0

10

20

30

40

ppm

NP2

O5

K2O N

P2O

5K

2O NP2

O5

K2O

WisconsinAverage,1998-2008

MWPSAverage

DairyLiquid

DairySolid

SwineLiquid

Manure Sampling and Testing

Manure testing takes management practices into account and delivers more accurate values to use for farm specific nutrient management planning

Lab analysis summaries can be used to monitor long term trends in manure nutrient content as it is affected by management changes over time