To move a camera and its mount in or out, or when the when the

entire camera is moved toward entire camera is moved toward or away from the subjector away from the subject 

dolly

---- is a close-up of something ---- is a close-up of something within the scene. For example, within the scene. For example, after a man looks at his watch, after a man looks at his watch, you might see a cut to close-up you might see a cut to close-up

of the watch where you can of the watch where you can clearly see the time.clearly see the time.

Insert shot

where two scenes momentarily where two scenes momentarily overlap during a transition overlap during a transition

from one to the otherfrom one to the other

dissolve

To change from black to picture or picture to black

fade

Standard motion picture projectors present images at  ---

frames per-second.  

24

The first film gauge to be standardized was:

35 mm

In the '---------,' a major studio hired a stable of stars and production people to do

as many films as they were assigned -- these people were under contract and

were not allowed to work for any other

studio without permission.  

Studio system

The new technology of the 1950s that had a big impact on and

caused a huge reduction is movie audiences was -------. 

television

Although there is no single route from a story idea becoming a movie, film

ideas are typically represented by a(n) --------, which is a summary of what a proposed film is all about, averages about 60 pages for a 90-minute film, and covers the basic story line of the

film, the actor roles, and the key locations.

treatment

In film script and production terminology, a(n) ---- is an instantaneous change from one scene to the next.

cut

In film script and production terminology, a(n) ----- shot indicates that the audience

(camera) will see what the character sees.

subjective

The dominant radio and TV ratings company.

Nielsen

What is found below 92.1 on the FM band?

Noncommercial radio

The kind of radio receiver you have if you listen to an analog local

over the air radio station but also get information like song title and

artist name.

RDS (radio data system)

The kind of radio receiver you have if you can listen to an analog, local, over the air radio station but also get a second digital channel of the same programming, and then

another channel or two of different digital programming.

HD Radio

The kind of radio receiver you have if you can NOT listen to an analog, local, over the air radio

stations with it but instead get 100 or more digital channels that you pay about $12.95 a month for.

Satellite Radio

Unlike the system established as part of the Radio Conferences from

1922-25 in the U.S., countries like Great Britain created the BBC as a

---- system.

public

The ------ is the U.S. broadcasting regulating body, whose purpose is

to license stations, and assign station frequencies, call letters,

and power limits.

FCC (Federal Communication

Commission

--- is the the type of broadcast service our reading says takes advantage of ‘sky

waves’ while for the most part, FM and TV signals are what are called ---, waves that go in a straight line and don't bend

around the earth as AM ground waves do.

AM / line of sight

T or F: RCA was more interested in protecting its AM services than

helping get FM broadcasting services started in the1930s, and worked against FM radio’s inventor.

True

What outcome did the inventor of FM broadcasting end up having related to

his dealings with RCA?

jumped to his death

Radio Moscow News, BBC World Service and Voice of America are all

examples of ------ services.

Shortwave (or external)

In relation to the ‘call sign’ of most U.S. broadcast stations whose call

letters begin with ‘W’ -- where would they be located geograpically?

East of the Mississippi River

The person who is responsible for selecting, planning, and scheduling programming on a radio station is

called the -------- . 

Program Director

------ an American engineer, is the person most associated with the

invention of TV.  

Philo T. Farnsworth

Cable TV (as CATV) started in what decade?

1940s

The introduction of TV as a full program service was delayed by ----- and the introduction of color TV service was delayed by what

war?

WWII & Korean War

What solution did the FCC introduce to make more TV

channels available after they had initiated a four-year freeze on

issuing new TV station licenses from 1948-1952? 

Introduced UHF TV (channels 13

and above

The present owner of Fox is media tycoon ----------,  an

Australian who built a newspaper and TV empire in Europe and Australia, then came

to the U.S.

Rupert Murdoch

A ------- is the percent of households tuned to a particular program from

the total available TV households in a designated area.

rating

The reading defines ---- as “the four weeks or so when ratings are done”

which, for TV are four-week periods in November, February, May and

July.

sweeps

As discussed in class ------ is made up of "shows that ran on the networks

and are subsequently sold in package deals to local stations" (like the

current re-runs of Seinfeld, Friends, and Everybody Loves Raymond).

Off network syndication

-------- refers to shows that are being produced right now

and sold in package deals directly to local TV stations (like Ellen,

Entertainment Tonight, and Wheel of Fortune). 

First run syndication

In June 2009, all major broadcast stations (not all low power TV) in the

United States switched to --- , improving the technical quality of on-

air TV.  

DTV (digital TV broadcasting)

Digital over the air TV signals react differently to interference--with poor reception some digital receivers will show a "blocky" video or a garbled

picture with significant damage, other receivers may go directly from a perfect

picture to no picture at all -- a  phenomenon known as the digital ------

effect.    cliff

----- satellites are located above the equator and rotate at the same speed

as the earth and end up being stationary in relation to the earth's

surface, and thus effective as communication signal relays.

geosynchronous

Remember, these are examples of questions for the Final Exam -- not all the questions that

will be asked on the Final, but are a good place to start studying ... The following come

from the last section

ENG stands for ------ .ENG stands for ------ .

Electronic News Gathering

A chart in the reading shows that A chart in the reading shows that about half of the general population about half of the general population now gets its news and information now gets its news and information

from ----, with ------ the second most from ----, with ------ the second most used. used.

The Internet / Television

------ are viewed by about 30% of ------ are viewed by about 30% of Internet users and all major news Internet users and all major news

organizations--the writers of them use organizations--the writers of them use their web sites to post news they their web sites to post news they

uncover, photos and videos, personal uncover, photos and videos, personal reactions to events, rumors, and even reactions to events, rumors, and even

their own personal diaries. their own personal diaries.

blogs

Today, we commonly see the Today, we commonly see the ““--------”” in in the covering of television news -- one the covering of television news -- one

person doing everything: camera person doing everything: camera operator, reporter, sound person, and operator, reporter, sound person, and

editor.editor.

One man band

A ---, as noted in class, is a TV news story where the reporter has pre-shot and edited interviews and ‘b-roll’ and has edited that

story so that the reporter tells the entire story after being introduced by the anchor.

package

A ---, as noted in class, is a TV news story where the anchor in front of the camera reads the story to viewers, without any video being

played while the story is read.

Reader (the anchor in this case is called a ‘talking head’

We noted some of these We noted some of these 'elements of news in class, like 'elements of news in class, like -------, which says essentially -------, which says essentially

"News is what's new.""News is what's new."

timeliness

Another element that makes Another element that makes information a possible news story information a possible news story is -----, which means people who is -----, which means people who are well-known being involved are well-known being involved with the event may make it a with the event may make it a

news story.news story.

prominence

The ------- was passed that allows The ------- was passed that allows citizens and reporters access to some citizens and reporters access to some

government documents--but the government documents--but the process of obtaining documents can process of obtaining documents can be fraught with red tape and delays, be fraught with red tape and delays, and key information is often blacked and key information is often blacked

out. out.

Freedom of Information Act

In discussion in class, we said in In discussion in class, we said in order to try to deal with trial publicity order to try to deal with trial publicity

and making sure a defendant has a and making sure a defendant has a fair trial a judge cannot issue a ---- fair trial a judge cannot issue a ----

order to the media telling them not to order to the media telling them not to publish information presented at the publish information presented at the

trial.trial.

Gag (also called restrictive)

In discussion in class, we said in In discussion in class, we said in order to try to deal with trial publicity order to try to deal with trial publicity

and making sure a defendant has a and making sure a defendant has a fair trial a judge might ------- the jury fair trial a judge might ------- the jury

to minimize exposure to media to minimize exposure to media coverage, meaning keeping the jury coverage, meaning keeping the jury in hotel rooms and not letting them in hotel rooms and not letting them

go home during the trial.go home during the trial.sequester

In class we also talked about In class we also talked about source of news stories, and as the source of news stories, and as the

reading notes the --------- wire reading notes the --------- wire service is the world's largest service is the world's largest newsgathering organization. newsgathering organization. 

AP / Associated Press

We also noted another wire We also noted another wire service in class, ------, a British service in class, ------, a British

news organization whose stories news organization whose stories also show up on U.S. web pages, also show up on U.S. web pages,

among other places.among other places.

Reuters

A ---- is a factual production, one that A ---- is a factual production, one that generally incorporates interviews generally incorporates interviews with the people involved with the with the people involved with the subject and actual footage of what subject and actual footage of what

has taken place. has taken place.

documentary

The reading also talks about ------ The reading also talks about ------ stations, that are defined as stations, that are defined as

"those owned and operated by a "those owned and operated by a network"--we noted in class that network"--we noted in class that this would include Channel 11, this would include Channel 11,

owned and operated by CBS, that owned and operated by CBS, that also is the network the station also is the network the station

carries.carries.O & O (owned and operated)

The legal concept of  ------ means The legal concept of  ------ means saying something that damages saying something that damages

someonesomeone’s’s reputation. reputation.

Defamation (Libel)

In suing a media defendant for In suing a media defendant for libel, a private citizen would only libel, a private citizen would only have to prove ---, while a person have to prove ---, while a person identified as public figure would identified as public figure would

have to prove ---- .have to prove ---- .

Negligence (carelessness); Actual Malice (knowledge

of falsity or reckless disregard for truth

A principle that holds that even in A principle that holds that even in public access places, like public access places, like

restaurants, photography may be restaurants, photography may be prohibited and a news reporterprohibited and a news reporter’s’s

conduct limited to the primary conduct limited to the primary activities of the business. activities of the business. 

Limited invitation

The category of privacy law that The category of privacy law that prohibits the use of someoneprohibits the use of someone’s’s

name or likeness for commercial name or likeness for commercial purposes without their purposes without their

permission. permission. 

appropriation

Of the four areas of privacy law, Of the four areas of privacy law, the one that we might have the one that we might have

violated if we publish that Dr. violated if we publish that Dr. Smith had an affair with Dr. Jones Smith had an affair with Dr. Jones several years ago, and if it were several years ago, and if it were

true?  true? 

Publication of private facts

What process did we say in class What process did we say in class the plaintiff and defendant would the plaintiff and defendant would go through after a complaint and go through after a complaint and

answer had been filed, before answer had been filed, before actually going to court?actually going to court?

discovery

What two things do lawsuits cost What two things do lawsuits cost the media, regardless of whether the media, regardless of whether

they win or lose the case?they win or lose the case?

Time & money (for legal costs)

Which amendment to the U. S. Which amendment to the U. S. constitution protects the mediaconstitution protects the media’s’s right to publish material that is right to publish material that is true, no matter who it harms? true, no matter who it harms? 

First Amendment

Under the concept of ___, Under the concept of ___, journalists may enter property journalists may enter property

without fear of trespass if without fear of trespass if someone says someone says ““I I own (or lease) own (or lease)

this property...come on in.this property...come on in.””

Apparent authority

The author says history books will The author says history books will show the Internet will be the most show the Internet will be the most

significant development in significant development in communication since ----- . communication since ----- . 

The printing press in 1450

When the ---------- was invented, the When the ---------- was invented, the size of computers suddenly shrunk to size of computers suddenly shrunk to a fraction of their original size -- and a fraction of their original size -- and

this development set the stage for this development set the stage for personal computers.personal computers.

transistor

As noted in class, ------ made the first As noted in class, ------ made the first mass market personal computer, mass market personal computer,

thanks to the charisma of Steve Jobs thanks to the charisma of Steve Jobs and the technical genius of Steve and the technical genius of Steve

Wozniak. Wozniak.

Apple

The computer reading says most The computer reading says most people are familiar with the cell people are familiar with the cell

phone, AOL, MSN or Yahoo versions phone, AOL, MSN or Yahoo versions of real-time chat or instant messaging of real-time chat or instant messaging programs, but that one of the first was programs, but that one of the first was

----- . ----- .

ICQ

Something like 64.77.120.3 when Something like 64.77.120.3 when typed in to the URL line of a web typed in to the URL line of a web

browser would be referred to as the browser would be referred to as the -------- . -------- .

IP address (IP is Internet Protocol)

------ were invented by IBM in 1956-------- were invented by IBM in 1956--the first one could only hold about the first one could only hold about

5MB of data but were rented to users 5MB of data but were rented to users for $3,100.00 a month. for $3,100.00 a month.

Hard drives

Today's cell phones are actually Today's cell phones are actually miniature (and in many cases rather miniature (and in many cases rather

sophisticated) ----- and are thus sophisticated) ----- and are thus referred to as "smart phones." referred to as "smart phones."

computers

The reading says the ------- was The reading says the ------- was launched by a team of UCLA launched by a team of UCLA

engineers and graduate students in in engineers and graduate students in in late 1969.late 1969.

ArpaNet

Once you connect through your Once you connect through your Internet service provider (ISP) Internet service provider (ISP) through any of the high-speed through any of the high-speed "on-ramps," your computer is "on-ramps," your computer is

routed to a regional or national ---, routed to a regional or national ---, the closest of which to us is in Ft. the closest of which to us is in Ft.

Worth, to connect to the Worth, to connect to the Information Superhighway.Information Superhighway.

backbone

GUI stands for

Grapical user interface

A computer network that is internal A computer network that is internal to an institution is referred to as an to an institution is referred to as an

--------

Intranet

---- names such as Yahoo.com, names such as Yahoo.com, PBS.org, or Harvard.edu are unique PBS.org, or Harvard.edu are unique

-- they are licensed to an -- they are licensed to an organization that, for a fee, has an organization that, for a fee, has an exclusive right to use them for a exclusive right to use them for a

period of time.period of time.

Domain

The most-used Top Level Domain of a web address, also referred to in the reading as a

suffix, is .com -- with ------- the second most common and ---- as the third most common,

according to the reading.

.net / .org

Check the course outline for possible additional test review sample questions to

be added as late as Wednesday night, especially about Computers & Internet.

Be sure you have watched all videos and bring any other of your own handwritten notes to turn in at start of class Thursday.

Review course outline about Final Exam questions and grading.