Where are Ethnicities Distributed?

C7S1

WHAT ARE YOU?What is your race?

• Is a group of people who share a biological ancestor.

• European• African• Asian

What is your Ethnicity?

• Is an identity with a group of people who share the cultural traditions of a particular homeland or hearth.

• What is your Nationality?• Is the nation-state in which

you have citizenship.

How would you rank Race, Ethnicity, and Nationality in terms of most to least-important?

• Within the US/ Why?• Ethnicity• Race• Nationality

• Outside the US/ Why?• Nationality • Ethnicity• Race

Race Demographics SurveyWESTON?

• White• Black• Asian

WESTON• White 86%• Black 4.5%• Asian 4.5%• Other/Multi 5%

Ethnicity of Weston

WESTON• White• Black• Asian• Hispanic (all races)

WESTON• White 45%• Black 4.5%• Asian 4.5%• Hispanic 45%• Other/ Multi 1%

Objectives

• Distribution of Ethnicities in the United States• Differentiating Ethnicity and Race

Distribution of Ethnicities in the United States

• More ethnic babies than white babies being born in the US today.

• White’s will be the minority by 2043

• In 1960 whites were 80%. In 2060 they will be 37%.

Hispanics 15% (SW, ¼ CA, 1/5 TX, 1/6 FL/NY, 2/3 = Mexican)

African American 13% (SE, ¼ in AL, GA, LA, ML, SC MS) 9 states less than 1%)

Asian Americans 4% (West, 40% HI, ½ CA) ¼ Chinese 1/5 Indian/Filipino

American Indian 1% (SW & Plains)

Concentration of Ethnicities in Cities

• 90% Hispanics/ African Americans live in urban cities (i.e. Detroit Chicago, NYC/Los Angeles/San Antonio)

• Europeans immigrants migrated out of original ethnic neighborhoods. Why this is not true for African & Hispanics?

African American Migration Patterns• 18th century: forced migration from

Africa (Triangular Trade)• 10 million + Africans shipped to the

Americas (1/4 died along Middle Passage)

• 40% went to Brazil, 40% went to the Caribbean, 15% to Spanish colonies, 5% to North America

• Effects on Africa = separating families, destroying villages, cultural genocide

• Effects on America = Civil War between Proslavery South and Antislavery North and the fate of new states joining the Union

• 1865: 13th Amendment outlawed Slavery

• Post-slavery: sharecropper/ serfdom economy

Immigration North• Early 20th century: two waves

(WWI/ WWII) South to northern cities.

• Industrial jobs pulled sharecroppers north.

• East Coast route: Atlantic Southern states went to Baltimore, Philadelphia, New York

• East Central: Alabama, E Tennessee to Detroit, Cleveland

• West Central: Mississippi and W. Tennessee to St. Louis/ Chicago

• Southwest: Texas to California

Expansion of the Ghetto

• Concentrated in Ghettos (public housing) 40,000 per sq kilometer compared to 2,000 suburb.

• Expanded ghettos in the 1950’s and 1960’s.

Differentiating Ethnicity and Race• Race are transmitted genetically

(Asian, African, Caucasian) Hispanic is ethnicity based on common culture)

• Asian in America is both race and ethnicity bc of ties to Asia.

• African- American: cultural ties/ Black: skin color) are different groups but ethnically grouped together because of history.

• Hispanic/Latino is not a race can be white, black, other

• Race is unpopular in labels because of the prejudged classification of a species that is highly variable physically. For example:

What Are You?

What Race is this Guy in?

How do Demographic data collected in America?

• Census: every ten years US takes a survey of the race/ethnicity of its citizens.

• 14 races/ethnicities• 2000 census: persons

can select more than one race. What % of Americans do you think identify multiracial?

Racism

• Legacy of Racism: belief that race is the primary determination of inherent superiority

• Can those who have been targets of Racism be Racists? (Reverse Racism)

Separate but Equal Doctrine

• US strongly discouraged racial interaction

• Plessy v Ferguson 1896• “Jim Crow” laws until 1964.• Desegregation resulted “White

Flight” (Detroit 1950: White pop 1.7 million/ Black pop 300,000. 2000: Black pop 850,000/ White pop 200,000)

• Blockbusting: practice at underselling white homes/ upselling to black families desperate to move out of the ghetto.

Division by Race in South Africa• Dutch (Boers) vs British• Late 20th century: SA adopted

apartheid (physical separation of races)

• SA classified under black, white, colored, or Asian

• Determined where you could live, attend school, work, shop, and own land.

• Ten black “homelands” were created• 1991 Apartheid was repealed/

Mandela became first democratically elected president.

• Today: white SA earn 10X more than black SA