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^`wbrls bil ^`dhgiotohi3Jbk` b lo`r`id` th tm`

tbf`it oi yhur hrgbiosbtohi

Biorullmb Fojby`^bfso Tmbrjb

Wmot`pbp`r ny Gr`bt Ufbd` th Whrk Oistotut`Ur`s`it`l th yhu ny @l`ir`l

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W` br` tmbikauf th bff pbrtodopbit dhjpbio`s ahr govoig us bi

hpphrtuioty th stuly tm`or ^`wbrls & ^`dhgiotohi prbdtod`s. W` br`

bfsh grbt`auf th tm`s` hrgbiosbtohis ahr smbroig wotm us tm` kihwf`lg`

bil woslhj tmbt tm`y mbv` l`v`fhp`l wotm roghrhus `aahrts hv`r

jbiy y`brs.

W` br` bfsh grbt`auf ahr tm` bssostbid` ha tm` ahffhwoig oilovolubfs oi

prhludoig tmos r`phrt3

Bdkihwf lg`j`its

Butmhrs3Biorullmb Fojby`Lor`dthr, Gr`bt Ufbd` th Whrk Oistotut`

^bfso TmbrjbUrhc`dt Jbibg r, Gr`bt Ufbd` th Whrk Oistotut`

^`vo`w`rs3Urbs`icot NmbttbdmbrybD@H, Gr`bt Ufbd` th Whrk

Oistotut`

Ur``to JbfmhtrbUrbdtod` M`bl, Gr`bt Ufbd` th Whrk Oistotut`

Lovyb JbrtyiUrhc`dt Jbibg r, Gr`bt Ufbd` th Whrk Oistotut`

Urhc`dt jbibg`l ny^bfso TmbrjbGr`bt Ufbd` th Whrk Oistotut`

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5>

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Whrkahrd` thlby os jhr` brtodufbt` bnhut tm`or i``ls. @jpfhy``sl`sor` tm` n`st ha v`rytmoig dhjp`totov` sbfbro`s, dhjahrtbnf` &bsporbtohibf foa`styf`s, chn s`duroty, dbr``r `imbid`j`it hptohis,whrk-foa` nbfbid`, bil sh hi. Dhjp`totohi ahr tbf`it os `v`roidr`bsoig bil hrgbiosbtohis i``l th mbv` w`ff-l`aoi`lpmofhshpmo`s bil strbt`go`s th m`fp tm`j l`v`fhp oiihvbtov` wbysha tbppoig oitroisod jhtovbtohi ha `jpfhy``s ny `igbgoig tm`or

m`brts bil joils. Wmof` jbiy hrgbiosbtohis br` struggfoig thjbk` suaaodo`it prhgr`ss oi tmos lor`dtohi, tm`r` br` hrgbiosbtohistmbt mbv` oistotutohibfoz`l rhnust prbdtod`s bil aa`dtov` prhd`ss`soi loaa`r`it p`hpf` prbdtod` br`bs tmbt gh b fhig wby oi phsotov`fyojpbdtoig `jpfhy`` p`rd`ptohi. Oilobs N`st Dhjpbio`s ahr^`wbrls bil ^`dhgiotohi wbs dhid`ptubfos`l th r`dhgioz`dhjpbio`s wmh br` f`bloig tm` wby oi tm` br`b ha ^`wbrls bil^`dhgiotohi ahr us f`bri arhj.

\mos wmot` pbp`r bojs bt smbroig hur uil`rstbiloig ha `aa`dtov`bil oiihvbtov` r`wbrls & r`dhgiotohi prbdtod`s.

J`tmhlhfhgy ha tm` Ttuly3Wmof` `jpfhy`` r`sphis`s th tm` `itor` \rust Oil`x @jpfhy``

Turv`y wbs us`l bs b qubfoao`r, tm` `jpfhy`` r`sphis`s th `ogmtstbt`j`its r`fbt`l th r`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohi oi tm` \O Turv`yw`r` tm` k`y abdthr oi l`t`rjoioig tm` woii`rs ha tm` stuly.Ttbilbrl l`vobtohi oi `jpfhy`` r`sphis`s th tm`s` stbt`j`itswbs us`l th gbug` tm` dhisost`idy bil uiov`rsbfoty ha tm``jpfhy`` xp`ro`id`. Toid` prbdtod`s lrov` `jpfhy`` p`rd`ptohi,roghrhus `vbfubtohi ha ^`wbrls bil ^`dhgiotohi prbdtod`s oi tm`pbrtodopbtoig hrgbiosbtohis wbs bfsh dbrro`l hut th jbk` tm``vbfubtohi dhjpr`m`isov`. @jpfhy`` p`rd`ptohi (dbptur`ltmrhugm \O Turv`y Tdhr`s) dbrro`l >/4rl w`ogmt bil bss`ssj`itha prbdtod`s oi tm` br`b ha ^&^ dbrro`l 2/4rl w`ogmt oi l`t`rjoioigtm` woii`rs.

Jbchr aoiloigs bil k`y oisogmts3

2. @aa`dtov` r`wbrls bil r dhgiotohi prbdtod`s i``l th r`af`dt bdhjpbiys duftur` (nbsod vbfu`s & n`fo`as) bil oit`grbt` w`ffwotm tm` ibtur` ha ots nusoi`ss, strbt`gy bil ghbfs.

>. Bns`id` ha abori`ss sogioaodbitfy murts `jpfhy`` p`rd ptohibil `aaodbdy ha ^&^ prbdtod`s. Bns`id` ha abori`ss os `vol`itny abdthrs fok`b. Oisuaaodo`it `xt`ribf pbroty,n. Oibl`qubt` oit`ribf `quotyd. Fbdk ha ojpbrtobfoty oi bss`ssj`it,l. Fbdk ha dfbroty ha l`sor`l bdtohis & r`sufts wmodm woff n`

r`wbrl`l, bil`. Oibl`qubt` trbispbr`idy hi mhw bil wmy shj` jpfhy``s

g`t r`wbrl`l.

4. ^`dhgiotohi prbdtod`s (wmodm br `ss`itobffy ihi-jhi tbry)r`pr`s it gr`bt uiutofoz`l pht`itobf, bs r`dhgiotohi3b. dbi n` gov`i nhtm punfodfy bil provbt`fy,

n. lh`s iht r`quor` nog nulg`t,d. dbi n` prhvol`l iht hify ny tm` hrgbiozbtohi bil ots s`iohr

f`bl`rs, nut bfsh ny p``rs bil cuiohrs,l. dbi n` jhr` prhxojbt` th tm` bdtohis bil r`sufts, bil

m`id` strhigfy r`oiahrdoig,`. dbi n` lhi` ar`qu`itfy

Jhst dhjpbio`s br` iht utofozoig tm` pht`itobf ha r`dhgiotohi

suaaodo`itfy.

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2. Oitrhludtohi th tm` Ttuly

>. Pil`rstbiloig `wbrls & ^`dhgiotohi

4. Gr`bt Ufbd` th Whrk Oistotut`s pmofhshpmy h `wbrls & ^`dhgiotohi

4.2 \mbikoig & ^`wbrloig

4.> Wmbt lh`s GU\W oidful` oi ots l`iotohi h `wbrls bil^`dhgiotohi8

.2 Wmbt th r`dhgioz` bil mhw th jbk` tm` r`dhgiotohim`brt`ft8

1.>.> `dhgiotohi bs tm` wby h fo`

1.>.4 \rbispbr`idy bil dhjjuiodbtohi

1.4 J`tmhls hr r`dhgiosoig bil r`wbrloig

1.< Nulg`toig hr `wbrls bil `dhgiotohi

1.0 J`bsuroig a`dtov`i`ss

7. Durr`it Dmbff`ig`s

=. K`y f`brioig

?. Dhidfusohis bil wby hrwbrl

Dhit its50

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22

2>

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Gr`bt Ufbd` th Whrk Oistotut` os projbrofy kihwi bdrhss tm` gfhn`ahr tm` Whrkpfbd` Ttulo`s ot dbrro`s hut. Ot dhiludts tm` stulo`s thr`dhgioz` n`st `jpfhy`rs bil mbs to`-ups wotm f`bloig j`lobpbrti`rs bdrhss tm` gfhn` oi hv`r 52>

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^`wbrls bil `dhgiotohi, tm`s` lbys, os b abjofobr dhid`pt bil osn`oig us`l ny jhst hrgbiosbtohis bs b thhf ahr `jpfhy``jhtovbtohi. Pil`rstbiloig wmbt jhtovbt`s bi `jpfhy`` mbsbfwbys n``i b k`y dmbff`ig` ahr jbibg`rs, nut dhisol`roig tm`ojphrtbid` ha ot ahr bi hrgbiozbtohis sudd`ss, hi` mbs thdhitoiuhusfy btt`jpt th uil`rstbil ot n`tt`r. Wotm mujbi dbpotbfgboioig prhjoi`id` hv`r aoibidobf dbpotbf oi tm` r`d`it toj`s, otn`dhj`s bff tm` jhr` ojphrtbit. \hlby, tm` dhjp`totov` blvbitbg`ha b nusoi`ss os l`t`rjoi`l ny ots p`hpf`. M`id`, tm` us` ha^`wbrls bil `dhgiotohi os n`dhjoig jhr` bil jhr` drotodbf.

^`wbrls bil ^`dhgiotohi br` jbiy b toj`s dhisol`r`l syihiyjs3mhw`v`r tm`y br` gr`btfy loaa`r`it. ^`dhgiotohi jhstfy r`a`rs thihi jhi`tbry wbys ha sbyoig tmbik yhu bil dbi tbk` tm` ahrj hatmbik yhu iht`s, pois, pfbqu`s, bwbrl d`r`jhio`s, dhjpbiyprhludts, goat vhudm`rs, `jpfhy`` pmhthgrbpm oi tm` dhjpbiyi`wsf`tt`r hr hi tm` wbff ha abj` , th ibj` cust b a`w. \m`r br`uifojot`l wbys th sby tmbik yhu ahr lhoig tm` rogmt tmoig biltm`y br` iht i`d`ssbrofy xp`isov`. \m`y dbt`r th tm` psydmhfhgodbfi``l ha tm` `jpfhy``s ha n`oig bppr`dobt`l bil mbv` mogm oitroisodvbfu`.

^`wbrloig bojs bt strbt`godbffy l`sogioig wbys th dhjp`isbt``jpfhy``s ahr tm`or `aahrts bil dhitronutohi thwbrls tm`hrgbiosbtohi. Ot jhtovbt`s ny aufaoffoig `jpfhy``s l`sor` ahrjhi`tbry gboi. \mos bffhws `jpfhy``s th r`d`ov` b smbr` oi tm`aoibidobf gbois jbl` ny tm` hrgbiozbtohi tmrhugm tm`or dhitronutohi.Gr`bt Ufbd` th Whrk Oistotut` stulo`s r`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohitmrhugm tm` `jpfhy`` surv`y usoig stbt`j`its r`fbt`l th tmosbsp`dt bil tmrhugm ots duftur` bss`ssj`it thhf nhtm ha wmodm br`bljoiost`r`l th tmhusbils ha hrgbiozbtohis `v`ry y`br. \m`Oistotut` us`s tm` t`rj ^`wbrloig bil \mbikoig r`sp`dtov`fy ahr^`wbrls bil `dhgiotohi. Bddhrloig th tm` l`aoiotohi oi tm` stulyny Gr`bt Ufbd` th Whrk, r`wbrloig bss`ss`s mhw bi hrgbiosbtohismbr`s tm` aruots ha p`hpf`s `aahrts g`i`rhusfy bil aborfy wotm tm`jwm`r`bs tmbikoig ahdus`s hi tm` wby bi hrgbiosbtohi r`dhgioz sbil bppr`dobt s ghhl whrk bil xtrb f`v`fs ha aahrt bil strov`s thdr`bt` b dfojbt` ha bpprhvbf bil phsotov` r`oiahrd`j`it.

>. Pil`rstbiloig `wbrls bil `dhgiotohi (^&^)

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T`v`rbf y`brs ha r`s`brdm ny Gr`bt Ufbd` th Whrk Oistotut` mbs`stbnfosm`l tmbt b gr`bt whrkpfbd` os b pfbd` wm`r` `jpfhy``strust tm` p`hpf` tm`y whrk ahr, mbv` prol` oi wmbt tm`y lh, bil`ichy tm` p`hpf` tm`y whrk wotm. Dr`btoig b gr`bt whrkpfbd` mbsjbiy n`i`aots. Arhj b jbibg`rs phoit ha vo`w, b gr`bt whrkpfbd`os wm`r` p`hpf` bdmo`v` tm`or hrgbiozbtohibf hnc`dtov`s, gov` tm`or

p`rshibf n`st bil whrk thg`tm`r bs b t`bj/abjofy bff oi tm``ivorhij`it ha trust.

\h `isur sudm bi `xp`ro`id` bt tm` whrkpfbd`, hrgbiosbtohis biltm`or jbibg`rs i``l th ahdus hi tm` ahffhwoig ioi` br`bs3

Gr`bt Ufbd` th Whrk Oistotut` mbs bfsh ahuil tmbt bff p`hpf`prbdtod`s bil prhgrbjj`s oi gr`bt whrkpfbd`s mbv` jhst ha tm`ahffhwoig dmbrbdt`rostods, wmodm jbk` tm`j `aa`dtov` bil phsotov`fyp`rd`ov`l uiov`rsbffy ny `jpfhy``s.

b. \m` prhgrbjj`s us` vbro`ty th l`bf wotm loaa`r`it sotubtohis,bil loaa`r`it koils ha i``ls ha tm`or jpfhy``s.

n. \m`y mbv` bi hrogoibf bil uioqu` twost tmbt `ibnf`s `jpfhy``sth strhigfy ol`itoay wotm tm`s` prbdtod`s bil oiotobtov`s bil lrbwprol`.

d. \m`y br` oidfusov` bil dhv`r tm` fbrg`st iujn`r ha `jpfhy``sbdrhss auidtohis bil mo`rbrdmo s arhj tmhs` wmh l`s`rv` th n`r`dhgioz`l hr r`wbrl`l.

l. \m`r` os g`i`rhsoty bil mujbi thudm oi bdtohis uil`r tm`s`prbdtod`s.

`. \m` prbdtod`s br` oilovolubfoz`l bil aot tm` dhit`xt w`ff.

a. Bff prhgrbjj`s br` w`ff bfogi`l wotm vbfu`s, duftur`, strbt`gybil ghbfs ha tm` hrgbiozbtohi th `ibnf` bff `jpfhy``s th puff oitm` sbj` lor`dtohi, dr`btoig bllotov` ojpbdt.

2. MO^OIGAhdus os hi moroig ahr pht`itobf bil dmbrbdt`r ha tm` p`rshi, rbtm`r tmbi projbrofy hi skoff s`t. I`w jpfhy``sbr` w`fdhj`l bil bssojofbt`l oith tm` t`bj wotm hro`itbtohi prhgrbjs, p`rshibf sphishrsmops, bil tm` fok`.

>. OITUO^OIG@jpfhy``s f`bri bil uil`rstbil mhw tm`or chn mbs j`bioig ahr tm` hrgbiozbtohi bil ahr shdo`ty, n`yhil`brioig b sbfbry bil jbkoig b prhaot ahr tm` nusoi`ss.

4. TU@BKOIGJbibg`j`it gh`s th gr`bt f`igtms th n` hp`i bil trbispbr`it, haa`roig bdd`ss th oiahrjbtohi bdrhss tm`nhbrl, ibnfoig bil idhurbgoig jpfhy` s th dhitronut` n`yhil tm` sdhp` ha b ibrrhwfy l`aoi`l chn.

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\mbikoig m`fps tm` hrgbiosbtohi aufaof `jpfhy``s i``l habppr`dobtohi, phsotov` r`oiahrd`j`it bil r`dhgiotohi. \mbikoig iht

hify bdkihwf`lg`s `jpfhy``s ahr tm`or fhybfty th tm` hrgbiozbtohinut m`fps duftovbt` b dfojbt` ha bppr`dobtohi ny soid`r`fyr`dhgiozoig ghhl whrk bil `xtrb `aahrt ar`qu`itfy bil oiui`xp`dt`l wbys. \mos os lhi` tmrhugm dr`btoig b wol` vbro`ty har`dhgiotohi prhgrbjs, `idhurbgoig p``r r`dhgiotohi, pr`s`itoigbwbrls ahr p`rahrjbid`, s`rvod`, sba`ty bt oilovolubf hr t`bjf`v`fs, r`dhgiozoig `jpfhy``s ahr l`jhistrbtoig dhjpbiy vbfu`sbil bppr`dobtoig jostbk`s bs f`brioig hpphrtuioto`s.

^`wbrloig m`fps oi tm` aufaofj`it ha tm` i``l th n` aborfy r`wbrl`lahr tm`or dbpbnofoto`s, `aahrts bil dhitronutohi. ^`wbrloig bojs bt

haa`roig dhjp`totov` wbg`/sbfbry/nhius pbdkbg`s, smbroig tm`aruots ha p`hpf`s jutubf `aahrts g`i`rhusfy bil aborfy, bil th

lostronut` gbois wol`fy wotm bff, tmrhugm prhaot smbroig, nhius`s hrhtm`r oid`itov` pfbis bil prhvoloig hpphrtuioto`s ahr w`bftm bilhwi`rsmop smbroig. Ot bfsh `isur`s tmbt `jpfhy``s uil`rstbilmhw tm`or p`rahrjbid` r`fbt`s th tm` hrgbiozbtohis sudd`ss biltm`or dhjp`isbtohi.

\m`s` prbdtod`s oi bi hrgbiosbtohi jhtovbt` `jpfhy``s th gov`tm`or p`rshibf n`st bil prhjht` tm` a``foig ha whrkoig thg`tm`r bsb t`bj.

^`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohi os b wol` dhid`pt bil os oidr`bsoigfyn`oig r`-l`aoi`l th oidful` iht cust trblotohibf wbys ha tmbikoigbil dhjp`isbtoig jpfhy``s, nut bfsh i`w`r br`bs fok` pmysodbf,bil `jhtohibf w`ff-n`oig ha p`hpf` (\htbf ^`wbrls). Thj` ha tm`br`bs oidful`l uil`r ^`wbrls & ^`dhgiotohi br`3

2. Bssur`l dhjp`isbtohi/sbfbry>. Tp`dobf hr biiubf oidr`bs`s oi bssur`l dhjp`isbtohi/sbfbry4. Oidr`bs`s oi dhjp`isbtohi bil n`i`aots hi bddhuit ha

prhjhtohis/grbl` dmbig`/phsotohi imbid`j`it Wmbt lh w` oidful` oi hur l`iotohi h r`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohi8

5=

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\m` purphs` ha r`wbrloig bil r`dhgiozoig, bs w` bff uil`rstbil,os th t`ff `jpfhy``s tmbt tm`or dhitronutohis br` vbfubnf` th tm`hrgbiosbtohi. Ot jbtt`rs th jpfhy``s n`dbus` tm`y a``f vbfolbt`l,ojphrtbit bil r`sp`dt`l.

Ttulo`s smhw tmbt tm`r` os b stbtostodbffy sogioaodbit r`fbtohismopn`tw``i r`wbrl bil r`dhgiotohi bil jhtovbtohi bil sbtosabdtohir`sp`dtov`fy.

Hur biiubf stuly mbs r`v`bf`l tm` ahffhwoig stbt`j`its th n`bjhig tm` k`y loaa`r`itobthrs n`tw``i tm` n`st whrkpfbd`s bilhtm`r whrkpfbd`s. \m`y br`3 U`hpf` m`r` br` pbol aborfy ahr tm` whrk tm`y lh;

W` mbv` sp`dobf bil uioqu` n`i`aots; bil

O a``f O r`d`ov` b abor smbr` ha prhaots.

Loaa`r`itobtoig Ttbt`j`its br` l`rov`l ny dhjpbroig p`rd`itbg`loaa`r id` oi tm` sdhr`s ha >0 N`st Whrkpfbd`s ahr bdm stbt`j`itoi tm` \rust Oil`x Ru`stohiibor` wotm tm` sdhr`s ha ghhl bilbv`rbg` whrkpfbd`s (wmh g`t pfbd`l oi tm` nhtthj >0). \m`loaa`r itobtoig stbt`j`its mbv` tm` mogm`st p`rd`itbg` loaa`r`id`

n`tw``i tm` sdhr`s ha n`st bil tm` htm`rs wm`i dhjpbr`l wotmtm` sdhr`s ahr htm`r stbt`j`its. \m`s` stbt`j`its r`pr`s`itossu`s hr bsp`dts tmbt br` bt tm` dhr` ha `jpfhyj`it r`fbtohismopbil br` loaaoduft th lh v`ry w`ff dhisost`itfy, `v`i ahr gr`btwhrkpfbd`s.

\m` bibfysos ha `jpfhy`` dhjj`its bdrhss pbrtodopbtoighrgbiosbtohis oi tm` N`st Dhjpbio`s th Whrk Ahr oi Oilob Ttuly- >522, th bi hp`i `il`l qu`stohi bskoig, Wmbt woff jbk` yhurHrgbiozbtohi b n`tt`r pfbd` th whrk, smhw`l tmbt sbfbry bilprhjhtohi w`r` shj` ha tm` k`y tm`j`s tmbt `jpfhy``s wbit`ltm`or hrgbiosbtohis th ojprhv` uphi.

Ttulo`s ny htm`r r`s`brdm`rs mbv` bfsh r`v`bf`l tmbt oa r`wbrls hr

r`dhgiotohi haa`r`l th `jpfhy``s w`r` th n` bft`r`l, tm`r` whufln` b dhrr`sphiloig dmbig` oi whrk jhtovbtohi bil sbtosabdtohi.Hhstmuoz`i (>552) mbs stbt`l tmbt ot os b drotodbf auidtohi ha

jbibg`rs th jhtovbt` tm` `jpfhy``s sudd`ssauffy bil oiafu`id`tm`or n`mbvohur th bdmo`v` gr`bt`r hrgbiozbtohibf `aaodo`idy. Afyii(2??=) mbs brgu`l tmbt r`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohi prhgrbjs jboitboimogm sporots bjhig `jpfhy``s, nhhsts tm`or jhrbf` bil dr`bt`s bfoikbg` n`tw``i p`rahrjbid` bil jhtovbtohi ha tm` jpfhy``s.

B >550 Wbtshi Wybtt Whrflwol` stuly mbs ahuil tmbt dhjpbio`swotm bi `aa`dtov` r`dhgiotohi prhgrbj r`bfoz`l b j`lobi r`turi thsmbr`mhfl rs tmbt os i`brfy lhunf` tmbt ha dhjpbio`s wotmhut sudmprhgrbjs. B stuly dhiludt`l ny tm` Thdo`ty ahr Oid`itov` bil\rbv`f @x`dutov`s mbs ahuil tmbt prhp`rfy dhistrudt`l r`wbrlsbil oid`itov` prhgrbjs dbi nhhst `jpfhy`` p`rahrjbid` ny upth 55554) mbs stbt`l tmbt

prhsp`roty bil survovbf ha hrgbiozbtohis os l`t`rjoi`l ny mhw tm`ormujbi r`shurd`s br` tr`bt`l. Jhst hrgbiozbtohis stulo`l mbv`smhwi th mbv` jbl` sogioaodbit prhgr`ss ny ojpf`j`itoig b w`ff-nbfbid`l r`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohi prhgrbj ahr `jpfhy``s.L``prhs` (2??557), tbigonf`oid`itov`s br` `aa`dtov` oi oidr`bsoig p`rahrjbid` ahr tbsks ihtlhi` n`ahr`, th idhurbg` tmoikoig sjbrt`r, bil th supphrt nhtmqubfoty bil qubitoty ha ghbfs th n` bdmo`v`l. Oid`itov`s, r`wbrlsbil r`dhgiotohi br` tm` proj` abdthrs tmbt ojpbdt `jpfhy``jhtovbtohi. Jhtovbtohi bfsh mbs b lor`dt `aa`dt hi tm` oiihvbtohi oibi hrgbiosbtohi. \mos pr`supphs`s tmbt hrgbiozbtohis prhvol`

r`dhgiotohi iht hify ahr bdmo`v`j`its nut bfsh ahr aahrts.

. \m`y m`fp th r`tboi n`st tbf`it tmbt tm` hrgbiozbtohi r`quor`s ahrots grhwtm bil dhitoiu`l sudd`ss.

4. \m`y m`fp tm` hrgbiozbtohi th bttrbdt n`st/suotbnf` tbf`it arhjtm` tbf`it jbrk`t, wm`tm`r ot os rbw tbf`it hut ha tm` n`st`ludbtohibf/prha`ssohibf oistotutohis hr tbf`it phhf ha hutstbiloig`xp`ro`id`l prha`ssohibfs.

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Hur r`s`brdm oilodbt`s tmbt tm` jhst drotodbf dmbrbdt`rostods ha`aa`dtov` r`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohi prhgrbjj`s br` tm` abori`ss,`quoty bil custod` oim`r`it oi tm`s` prhgrbjj`s. \mos s`is` ha`quoty os nhtm oit`ribf wotmoi tm` hrgbiozbtohi bil `xt`ribf wotmr`sp`dt th dhjpbrbnf` hrgbiozbtohis hp`rbtoig oi tm` jbrk`tpfbd`.\m`r` br` tmr`` bsp`dts ha `quoty bil abori`ss wmodm br` r`f`vbitm`r`. \m` bns`id` ha tm`s` tmr`` bsp`dts murts tm` `aa`dtov`i ssha r`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohi prhgrbjj`s sogioaodbitfy.

b. Lostronutov` Custod`3 \m` prhphrtohi oi wmodm aoibidobf r`shurd`sbil gbois/prhaots ha tm` hrgbiozbtohi br` lostronut`l n`tw``ivbrohus stbk`mhfl`rs sudm bs prhjht`rs/hwi`rs/oiv`sthrs/smbr`mhfl`rs, jbibg`rs bil `jpfhy``s bt loaa`r`it f`v`fs oi tm`hrgbiozbtohi, n`fhigoig th loaa`r`it lovosohis/auidtohis/fhdbtohis,

`td, l`aoi` lostronutov` custod`. Oa shj` stbk`mhfl`rs br`losprhphrtohibt`fy r`wbrl`l (oi tm` `y`s ha tm` htm`rstbk`mhfl`rs), tm`i tm` `aa`dtov`i`ss ha tm` r`wbrls prhgrbjj`dbi suaa`r. Bihtm`r bsp`dt ha lostronutov` custod`, bs w`ff bsprhd`lurbf custod`, os tmbt loaa`r`itobtohi oi r`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohir`af`dts tru` bil sogioaodbit loaa`r`itobtohi oi p`rahrjbid` bildhitronutohi.

n. Urhd`lurbf Custod`3 Bisw`rs th tm` ahffhwoig qu`stohis oilodbt`wm`tm`r r`quosot` prhd`lurbf custod` `xosts, tm` bns`id` ha wmodmmurt tm` `aa`dtov`i`ss ha tm` prhgrbjj`s - Ahr wmbt bdtohis/n`mbvohurs/`aahrts bil r`sufts/dhitronutohi/p`rahrjbid` br`r`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohi prhvol`l8 Br` hify r`sufts r`wbrl`l bilr`dhgioz`l, hr lh tm`y bppfy th sustboi`l `aahrts bs w`ff8 Mhwaborfy, trbispbr`itfy bil dhrr`dtfy br` `aahrts bil r`sufts j`bsur`l8Lh`s `v`ryhi` g`t suaaodo`it hpphrtuioto`s th p`rahrj bil th n`r`dhgioz`l bil r`wbrl`l8 Mhw lh`s tm` hrgbiozbtohi `isur` tmbtr`sufts bdmo`v`l tmrhugm wrhig n`mbvohurs bil ihi-p`rahrjoigp`hpf` lhit g`t r`wbrl`l hr r`dhgioz`l lu` th abvhurotosj,i`phtosj bil hrgbiozbtohibf phfotods8

d. Oit`rbdtohibf Custod`3 \mos os bnhut tm` mujbi `f`j`it ha

abori`ss bil custod` wmodm ahrjs tm` dbpsthi` ha `aa`dtov` r`wbrlsbil r`dhgiotohi prhgrbjj`s. Lh tm` r`dopo`its ha r`wbrls bilr`dhgiotohi (bil `v`i tmhs` wmh lhit r`d`ov` r`wbrls bt biyphoit oi toj`) a``f tm` s`is` ha n`oig bppr`dobt`l bil tmbik`lg`iuoi`fy arhj tm` nhtthj ha tm` m`brt ny tmhs` wmh br` oi bphsotohi th r`wbrl bil r`dhgioz`8

Dmbrbdt`rostods h tm` jhst phsotov`fy p`rd`ov`l r`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohiprhgrbjj`s

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Bff hrgbiozbtohis pbrtodopbtoig oi Oilobs N`st Dhjpbio`s th WhrkAhr Ttuly >52> w`r` oivot`l th pbrtodopbt` oi Oilobs N`stDhjpbio`s ahr ^`wbrls bil ^`dhgiotohi. B thtbf ha 71hrgbiozbtohis wmh bppfo`l ahr tmos Bwbrl w`r` aoibffy dhisol`r`l,ahffhwoig tm` fbol lhwi prhd`ss.

Hrgbiosbtohis arhj bff jbchr s`dthrs bil bdrhss 22 oilustro`spbrtodopbt`l oi tm` stuly.

B roghrhus `vbfubtohi j`tmhlhfhgy wbs ahffhw`l. \h n` `fogonf` thn` hi` ha Oilobs N`st dhjpbio`s oi ^`wbrls bil ^`dhgiotohi, otos iht `ihugm th mbv` gr`bt fhhkoig r`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohiprbdtod`s hi pbp`r - b sogioaodbit jbchroty ha `jpfhy``s justdhisol`r ot sh. \mos wbs v`roao`l ny tm` Oistotut` ny bljoiost`roig bi`jpfhy`` surv`y usoig ots w`ff `stbnfosm`l \rust Oil`xRu`stohiibor`.

Oa bi hrgbiozbtohi drhss`l tmos aorst murlf`, b dfhs`r bibfysos wbsjbl` nbs`l hi tm`or `jpfhy`` a``lnbdk, oi pbrtodufbr tm`or`jpfhy``s r`sphis` th tm` stbt`j`its r`fbt`l th r`wbrls bilr`dhgiotohi oi tm` `jpfhy`` surv`y. \m`s` w`r`3

@v`ryhi` mbs bi hpphrtuioty th g`t sp`dobf r`dhgiotohi. Jbibg`j`it smhws bppr`dobtohi ahr ghhl whrk bil xtrb aahrt.

U`hpf` m`r` br` pbol aborfy ahr tm` whrk tm`y lh.

O a``f O r`d`ov` b abor smbr` ha tm` prhaots jbl` ny tmos hrgbiozbtohi.

Bllotohibffy, tm` `jpfhy`` r`sphis` hi b a`w jhr` stbt`j`itswbs bfsh fhhk`l bt th `isur` tmbt tm`r` os ghhl l`gr`` hasbtosabdtohi bjhigst jpfhy``s bs abr bs tm` prhd`lur` ha brrovoigbt l`dosohis r`fbt`l th r`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohi os dhid`ri`l.Ttbt`j`its r`fbt`l th n`i`aots bil prhjhtohis, wmodm bfsh ahrj

tm` pbrt ha tm` \htbf ^`wbrls Ubdkbg` bt jhst n`st whrkpfbd`s,w`r` fhhk`l bt. \m`r`ahr`, ahffhwoig bllotohibf stbt`j`its w`r`us`l ahr `vbfubtohi bpbrt arhj tm` bnhv` j`itohi`l dhr`stbt`j`its.

Urhjhtohis gh th tmhs` wmh n`st l`s`rv` tm`j.

W` mbv` sp`dobf bil uioqu` n`i`aots m`r`.

Jbibg`rs bvhol pfbyoig abvhurot`s.

U`rahrjbid` ha jpfhy``s m`r` os aborfy vbfubt`l.

W` bfsh fhhk`l bt tm` stbilbrl l`vobtohi oi tm` r`sphis`s ny bffr`sphil`its arhj bi hrgbiosbtohi ahr `bdm ha tm` bnhv` =stbt`j`its th gbug` tm` dhisost`idy bil uiov`rsbfoty ha xp`ro`id`bdrhss tm` hrgbiosbtohi.

Bfhigsol`, b l`tbof`l stuly ha tm` r`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohiprbdtod`s oi `bdm hrgbiosbtohi wbs lhi` th g`t b dhjpr`m`isov`vo`w ha mhw bi hrgbiosbtohi os p`rahrjoig oi tmos br`b.

\m` stuly r`v`bf`l jbiy tmoigs tmbt hrgbiosbtohis br` lhoig thr`dhgioz` bil r`wbrl tm`or `jpfhy``s. Mhw`v`r, tm` prhha ha tm`

pulloig os oi tm` `btoig; tm`r`ahr` wm`tm`r tm` r`wbrls bilr`dhgiotohi prbdtod`s oi bi hrgbiosbtohi br` `aa`dtov` dbi hify n``stbnfosm`l oa tm` jpfhy``s br` bfsh xp`ro`idoig tm` sbj`.

\m`r`ahr , tm` `jpfhy``s r`sphis` th tm` r`fbt`l stbt`j`its hir`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohi wbs tm` ojphrtbit l`t`rjoibit ha wmhwhufl n` tm` woii`rs oi tmos dbt`ghry.

0. J`tmhlhfhgy h tm` stuly

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Umofhshpmy m`r` r`a`rs th b syst`j ha vbfu`s hr n`fo`as wotm wmodmbi hrgbiosbtohi hp`rbt`s bil tm` strbt`gy r`a`rs th b pfbi ha bdtohil`sogi`l th bdmo`v` wmbt ot vbfu`s.

Umofhshpmy ahrjs tm` nbsos ha tm` ghbfs tmbt bi hrgbiosbtohi s`ts

fbt`rbffy, arhj tm` oilustry. \mus tm`s` hrgbiosbtohis whufl i``lth bfogi tm`or dhjp`isbtohi strbt`gy bddhrloigfy. Jhsthrgbiosbtohis r`shrt th tm` ahffhwoig strbt`go`s th bttrbdt bil r`tboin`st tbf`it arhj tm` bvbofbnf` phhf3

Dhjp`totov` Uby3 \m` hrgbiosbtohis `vbfubt` tm` phsotohissyst`jbtodbffy bil btt`jpt th pfbd` tm`j wotmoi b pby strudtur`tmbt os dhjp`totov` ibtohibffy, wotmoi tm`or oilustry, bil wotmoitm` fhdbf dhjjuioty.

Uby ahr U`rahrjbid`3 \m`y r wbrl bdm `jpfhy ` hi tm`

nbsos ha p`rahrjbid` bil tm` bdmo`v`j`it ha hnc`dtov`s, bilprhvol` oid`itov`s ahr oilovolubf grhwtm bil dhitronutohistmrhugm j`rot oidr`bs`s, nhius`s bil sthdk hptohis.

@qubf Uby3 Ubyoig `bdm `jpfhy`` wotmhut r`gbrl th rbd`,

dbst`, fbigubg`, r`fogohi, dhfhur, ibtohibf hrogoi, bid`stry,j`itbf hr pmysodbf losbnofoty, bg`, g`il`r, g`il`r ol`itoty bil/hr `xpr`ssohi, s`xubf hro`itbtohi, v`t`rbi stbtus, pr`gibidy,

j`lodbf dhilotohi, jbrotbf stbtus, hr htm`r nbsos prht`dt`l nyfbw.

Bpbrt arhj n`oig dhjp`totov`, `quotbnf` bil `gbfotbrobi bs abr bspbyoig jpfhy``s os dhid`ri`l, bi hrgbiosbtohi i``ls th isur`tmbt ot loaa`r itobt`s n`tw``i p`rahrj`rs bil htm`rs.

ahr ots`fa. \m` r`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohi pmofhshpmy ha bi hrgbiosbtohioi turi woff n` nbs`l hi ots tbf`it jbibg`j`it pmofhshpmy.Hrgbiosbtohis mbv` loaa`r`it pmofhshpmo`s ahr tbf`it jbibg`j`it

bs `xpr`ss`l tmrhugm tm`or r`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohi prhgrbjj`s;ahr `xbjpf`, jbiy hrgbiosbtohis n`fo`v` oi moroig bt `itry f`v`fsbil grhhjoig tm`s` `jpfhy``s ahr f`bl`rsmop rhf`s. Hi tm` htm`rmbil, tm`r` br` hrgbiosbtohis tmbt pr`a`r th mor` `xp`ro`id`l tbf`it

Thj` nbsod auilbj`itbfs tmbt hrgbiosbtohis s``j th bppfy br`3

T`t b df`br n`idmjbrk ahr tm` bv`rbg` f`v`f ha dhjp`isbtohi

wotmoi tm` hrgbiozbtohi bdrhss chn abjofo`s, chn f`v`fs, auidtohisbil nusoi`ss`s bil `xp`dt`l f`v`f ha p`rahrjbid`, wmodml`t`rjoi`s pby dhjp`totov`i`ss oi tm` oilustry.

L`t`rjoi` nhtthj-foi` ghbfs ha tm` dhjpbiy bil to` p`hpf`s

pby th tm` ghbfs3 \mos m`fp bi hrgbiosbtohi th r`wbrl ahrp`rahrjbid` tmbt lor`dtfy dhitronut`s th ots nusoi`ss hnc`dtov`s.\mos os lhi` ny oitrhludoig tm` bsp`dt ha vbrobnf` pby foik l thbdmo`v`j`it ha nusoi`ss hutdhj`s. @isuroig tm` foi` ha sogmtha tm` ghbfs/nusoi`ss hutdhj`s os ha k`y ojphrtbid` th jbk`tm` prhgrbjj` `aa`dtov`. Foi` ha sogmt m`r` r`a`rs th tm` lor`dtdhitrhf/bnofoty ha (`bdm) jpfhy`` th oiafu`id` tm` bdmo`v`j`itha nusoi`ss ghbfs tmrhugm mos/m`r bnofoto`s bil aahrts.

Loaa`r`itobtoig p`rahrjbid` & n`oig dhjp`totov`3

\UG Thatwbr` loaa`r itobt`s hutstbiloig p`rahrj`rsarhj tm` r`st oi t`rjs ha dhjp`isbtohi, prhjhtohis,r`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohi. Oidr`j`its sbidtohi`l thhutstbiloig p`rahrj`rs br` bnhut 05% jhr` tmbi bibv`rbg` p`rahrj`r oi aox`l dhjp`isbtohi. Bihtm`rdhjjott`l dhjphi`it os bll`l bs U`rahrjbid`Nhius - 05% ha tm` aox`l oidr`bs` ha tm` bv`rbg`

p`rahrj`r os sbidtohi`l bllotohibffy th tm` hutstbiloigp`rahrj`r bt tm` `il ha tm` y`br.

Jhr`hv`r, \UG Thatwbr` mbs bfogi`l ots U`rahrjbid`^`vo`w & Bpprbosbf Dydf` oi b jbii`r tmbt tm`y br`bnf` th r`vosot dhjp`isbtohi & l`sogibtohi ha ots mogmp`rahrjoig `jpfhy``s `v`ry sox jhitms bil tbk`dhrr`dtov`-pr`v`itov` j`bsur`s oa r`quor`l, wotmhutuii`d`ssbry l`fby.

T`jo-Biiubf \htbf ^`wbrls ^`vo`w

Rubfdhjj bfsh dhiludts auff r`vo`ws ahr bff`jpfhy``s twod` b y`br. Oi bllotohi th str`igtm`ioigtm` highoig lobfhgu` n`tw``i jbibg`rs bil`jpfhy``s wmodm m`fps bdmo`v`j`it ha ghbfs, tmosbpprhbdm prhvol`s tm` dhjpbiy bi hpphrtuioty thjboitboi b dhjp`totov` phsotohi oi tm` jbrk`t.Dhjphi`its ha bdm r`vo`w dydf` oidful` hpphrtuiotyth `bri b j`rot oidr`bs`, p`rahrjbid` nbs`l nhiusr`wbrls, sthdk bwbrls bs w`ff bs b prhjhtohi.

1. ^`wbrls bil ^`dhgiotohi bt n`st whrkpfbd`s

1.2 Umofhshpmy & Ttrbt`gy

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\h `isur tm` qubfoty ha hv`rbff xp`ro`id` tmbt dbi n` prhvol`l th`jpfhy``s bt tm` hrgbiosbtohi, tm` n`st whrkpfbd`s ihw br`fhhkoig bt tm` dhid`pt ha thtbf r`wbrls. \mos dhid`pt m`fps

hrgbiosbtohis th brtodufbt` tm` r`wbrls bil n`i`aots tmbt`jpfhy``s `ichy oi tm` hrgbiozbtohi, bpbrt arhj dhjp`totov`dhjp`isbtohi. Oituot, Oit`f, Bj`rodbi @xpr`ss, Rubfdhjj bilTBU Fbns br` tm` ibj`s ha b a`w hrgbiosbtohis tmbt mbv`prhbdtov`fy ol`itoao`l bil brtodufbt`l tm` bsp`dts tmbt dhitronut`th tm` thtbf r`wbrls xp`ro id` ha jpfhy``s.

Jhst ha tm` hrgbiosbtohis stulo`l l`p`il hi tm` `xt`ribfn`idmjbrkoig th isur` tm` dhjp`tov`i`ss ha tm` dhjp`isbtohipbdkbg`s haa`r`l ny tm`j. Hrgbiosbtohis tbk` m`fp ha tm`dhjp`isbtohi dhisuftbits ahr tmos purphs`. \m` n`idmjbrkoig osiht fojot`l th sbfbry nut n`i`aots bil htm`r koils ha r`wbrls bfsh.

Thj` hrgbiosbtohis mbv` bfsh whrk`l hut htm`r wbys th g`tr`f`vbit lbtb th stby dhjp`totov` bs abr bs tm` dhjp`isbtohi osdhid`ri`l.

Wm`i \UG Thatwbr` dhjpbr`l tmos tr`il wotm fbt`st r`phrts hiG`i _ trbots bil `xp`dtbtohis, ot lolit aoil bi bfogij`it. Ot

r`bfoz`l tmbt oitrhludtohi ha vbrobnf` pby ahr yhuig`r g`i`rbtohi

p`hpf` woff hify dbus` losbpphoitj`it th tm`j wotmhut biy jbchr

gbois ahr tm` dhjpbiy. \m` hrgbiosbtohi mbs jbchroty ha ots

jbiphw`r oi tm` bg` grhup f`ss tmbi 45 y`brs. \mus, ot l`dol`l

th oitrhlud` vbrobnf` pby hify ahr p`hpf` wmh br` bt jbibg`robf

phsotohis lrbwoig sbfbry oi xd`ss ha ^s.25fbkms p`r biiuj.

\UG Thatwbr` a`ft tmbt dhjp`isbtohi r`phrts tmbt ot ght w`r` abr

bwby arhj r`bfoty wm`i dhjpbr`l th a``lnbdk tmbt tm`y

tm`js`fv`s ght arhj tm` dbilolbt`s oit`rvo`w`l ahr r`druotj`it

(wmhs` dhjp`isbtohi tm`or \bf`it Bdquosotohi t`bj mbl v`roao`lbgboist butm`itod lhduj`its) bil bt tm` toj` ha `xot wm`i tm`y

jhv`l hi th htm`r hrgbiosbtohis. M`id`, ot l`dol`l th jbk`

n`idmjbrks arhj projbry lbtb dhff`dt`l arhj tm` bnhv` twh

shurd`s th n` us`l th strbt`goz` bil strudtur` tm` dhjp`isbtohi

`v`ry sox jhitms. \m` tbf`it bdquosotohi t`bj prhvol`s tm`

dhjp`isbtohi & n`i`aot lbtb dbptur`l arhj tm` dbilolbt`s

oit`rvo`w`l luroig tm` pr`vohus sox jhitms, wmodm os aurtm`r

vbfolbt`l, bibfyz`l bil bdt`l uphi oi hrl`r th n` bm`bl ha

dhjp`totohi.

Jhst dhjpbio`s oi tm` O\ s`dthr mbv` tm` bsp`dt ha vbrobnf` pby,

pby ahr p`rahrjbid` hr l`a`rr`l sbfbry ahr p`hpf` bt bff f`v`fs

rbigoig n`tw``i 0% bil >5%.

Oit`f3

@jpfhy`` Nhius prhgrbj (@N) os b vbrobnf`-pby prhgrbj ahr bff ihi-dhjjossohi`l, r`gufbr Oit`f `jpfhy``s whrflwol`.

\m` @jpfhy ` Nhius (@N) pfbi os l`sogi`l th bfogi tm` nusoi ss grhups bt Oit`f brhuil tm` Dhrphrbt` Ttrbt`god Hnc`dtov`s.Ot os pbol hut biiubffy bil os dbfdufbt`l nbs`l hi tmr`` `qubffy w`ogmt`l dhjphi`its3 Bnshfut` aoibidobf p`rahrjbid`,r`fbtov` aoibidobf p`rahrjbid`, hp`rbtohibf p`rahrjbid .

\m` dhjphi`its ha tm` @N dbfdufbtohi ibnf` bi `jpfhy`` th dr`bt` b foi` ha sogmt n`tw``i mos dhitronutohis bil dhjpbiyprhaotbnofoty. \m` tbrg`t bjhuit oidr`bs`s bt mogm`r grbl` f`v`fs tm`r`ny pfbdoig jhr` pby bt rosk ahr jpfhy``s wmh jhr`lor`dtfy oiafu`id` tm` bdmo`v`j`it ha aoibidobf bil nusoi`ss ghbfs.

Nbils Hrgbiozbtohi Bdmov`j`it Oilovolubf Bdmov`j`it

N2 05% 05%

N> >0% 70%

N4 5% 255%

\m` ahffhwoig nbil-wos` nr`bk-up bt Jusod Nrhbldbst smhws mhw tm` rbtoh ha oilovolubf bil hrgbiosbtohi p`rahrjbid` vbro`s wotmnbils, k``poig oi joil tm` foi` ha sogmt ha nusoi`ss ghbfs3

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Bt Bj`rodbi @xpr ss, `bdm dhjphi it ha tm` \htbf Dhjp`isbtohipfbys bi ojphrtbit pbrt oi `imbidoig tm` hrgbiozbtohis @jpfhy``Qbfu` Urhphsotohi. Ot bfsh r`vo`ws prhgrbjs uil`r `bdm ha tm`s`

dbt`ghro`s p`rohlodbffy th `isur` tmbt tm`y dhitoiu` th r`jboiahdus`l bil r`f`vbit th l`fov`r th `jpfhy`` i``ls, supphrt otsnusoi`ss hnc`dtov`s bil r`jboi dhjp`totov` oi tm` jbrk`t pfbd`. Otr`gufbrfy r`vo`ws jbrk`t pby bdrhss loaa`r`it tbf`it phhfs th dr`bt`oit`ribf rbig`s tmbt r`af`dt jbrk`t r`bfoty bil ibnf` ot th dhjp`t``aa`dtov`fy ahr tbf`it. \m` U`rahrjbid` Jbibg`j`it Urhgrbj bfshprhvol`s b strhig oiput oith Nbs` Uby wm`r` j`rot oidr`bs` th pbybr` foik`l th p`rahrjbid`, orr`sp`dtov` ha tm` pby phsotohioig.Oit`fs \htbf Dhjp`isbtohi bil N`i`aots Umofhshpmy, hr \-Dhjp

Umofhshpmy os b mhfostod bpprhbdm tmbt bfogis dhjpbiy, jpfhy``

bil sthdkmhfl`r oit`r`sts. Ot prhvol`s jpfhy``s wotm oid`itov`s thahdus hi j``toig hr xd``loig nusoi`ss hnc`dtov`s. \m` prhgrbjspurphs` os th bttrbdt, r`tboi bil r`wbrl tm` p`hpf` r`sphisonf` ahrtm` dhjpbiys fhig-t`rj grhwtm bil prhaotbnofoty.

\h `isur tmbt r`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohi syst`js bt bi hrgbiosbtohi

br` `aa`dtov`, ot i``ls th mbv` prhgrbjs tmbt r`oiahrd` dhjpbiyvbfu`s bil ghbfs bil `idhurbg`s `jpfhy``s th bdt oi foi` wotmsudm ghbfs wmofst bfsh `jpmbsozoig tm` ojphrtbid` ha bdmo`voigtm`s` ghbfs.

\h `isur` tm` sbj` Rubfdhjj mbs wmbt tm`y dbff bs RDbrls.\m`s` br` b quodk bil `bsy wbys th s`il hi`s bppr`dobtohi tha`ffhw dh-whrk`rs ahr lospfbyoig vbfu`s.\m` RDbrl os bi `f`dtrhiod gr``toig dbrl oit`il`l th r`dhgioz`dhitronutohis bil n`mbvohurs wmodm r`pr`s`it Rubfdhjjs duftur`

ha oiihvbtohi bil f`bl`rsmop. \m`s` n`mbvohurs br` sujjbroz`lbs tm` DLJB n`mbvohurs (Rubfdhjj os tm` oiv`ithr ha DLJBprhthdhf [Dhl` Lovosohi Juftopf` Bdd`ssZ, b dmbii`f bdd`ssj`tmhl us`l ahr rbloh dhjjuiodbtohi)3

Dr`btoig bil Oiihvbtoig Ol`b g`i`rbtohiDr`btov` prhd`ss`s Oiihvbtov` tmhugmtLhoig Wmbt`v`r ot \bk`s Jbk`s tmoigs mbpp`i \bk`s oiotobtov`

Jbst`roig \`dmihfhgy L`jhistrbt`s bil bppfo`s xp`rtos` oi tm`or ao`flBdmo`voig @xd`ff`id` oi hur p`hpf` bil oi hur oilustry @xd`ptohibf jbibg`j`it hr f`bl`rsmop L`jhistrbtoigt`bjwhrk

@imbidoig aa`dtov`i ss bil `aaodo`idy

Bi hrgbiosbtohi i``ls th df`brfy ol`itoay tm` duftur` tmbt os r`quor loi tm` hrgbiosbtohi ahr ots nusoi`ss th sudd``l bil s`` mhw tm`orr`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohi prbdtod`s whufl prhjht` tm` sbj`.

^`fobid` Dhjj`rdobf mbs ol`itoao`l wmbt ot dbffs LIBahr sudd`ss. \mus, ot r`wbrls `v`ry y`br \m` LIB

@jpfhy``. M`/sm` os tm` hi` wmh `xmonots tm`n`mbvohrs wmodm r`af`dt tm` hrgbiosbtohi LIB (vbfu`syst`j). Ot os oistbitbi`hus bppr`dobtohi &r`dhgiotohi hi lospfby ha LIB n`mbvohur. Tox LIBn`mbvohurs br` bs ahffhws3@itr`pr`i`urobf Joils`tHwi`rsmop bil Dhjjotj`itTp``l & @x`dutohiOit`groty^`sp`dt & LogiotyUrol` & Ubssohi@bdm hi` ha tm` bnhv` os aurtm`r l`tbof`l hut th jbk``jpfhy``s uil`rstbil wmbt os xp`dt`l uil`r bdmha tm`s`.

B strbt`gy os hify bs ghhl bs ots `x`dutohi. Hi` dbi mbv` tm` v`ryn`st strbt`gy, nut oa iht x`dut`l w`ff ot woff n` oi`aa`dtov`. Oi`aa`dtov`ojpf`j`itbtohi woff iht hify f`bl th wbstbg` ha jhi`y bil aahrtsnut os bfsh dbpbnf` ha mbvoig i`gbtov` ojpbdt. \h ojpf`j`it bthtbf r`wbrls pfbi, b nrhbl rbig` ha bsp`dts i``l th n`dhisol`r`l. Ot oidful`s uil`rstbiloig hnc`dtov`s, l`aoioig j`trods,l`sogioig tm` pfbi th j`bsur` bil trbdk bdmo`v`j`its bgboisttm` l`aoi`l ghbfs bil j`trods bil l`doloig hi tm` typ`s har`wbrls.

1.> @x`dutohi `xp`rtos`3 Jbkoig tm`strbt`gy whrk

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Bloto \ dmihfhgo`s ^`dhgiozoig t`bjs ahr

aufffoig tm` nusoi`ss ghbfs bil blloig

phsotovoty th tm` duftur`

Dusthj`r D`itrod \`bj

Ahr mogm DTB\, ^`p`bt nusoi`ss, mogm noffoig t`bj

Abst`st Grhwoig \`bj

Mogm r`v`iu` grhwtm & t`bj xpbisohi

Abitbstod \`bjJhst vonrbit, @i`rg`tod t`bj tmbt dr`bt`s b v`ryphsotov` ivorhij`it

^`dhgiotohi mbs n``i ahuil th mbv` lor`dt ojpbdt hi tm` koil han`mbvohur r`oiahrd`l oi tm` hrgbiosbtohi. \m`r`ahr`, ot os bfwbysi`d`ssbry ahr hrgbiosbtohis th tmoik tmrhugm tm` br`bs ahr wmodmtm`y wbit th r`wbrl/r`dhgioz` tm`or jpfhy` s. Ot os bfsh ha utjhstojphrtbid` tmbt tm` hrgbiozbtohis df`brfy l`aoi` tm` j`trods ahr tm`sbj` sh tmbt tm` l`sorbnf` hutdhj`s br` bdmo`v`l bil dbi n`trbdk`l bil smbr`l. Hrgbiozbtohis smhufl n` wbry ha uiwottoigfy`idhurbgoig hr t`jptoig `jpfhy``s th n`mbv` bil bdt oi biuil`sorbnf` hr ui`tmodbf jbii`r th woi bi bwbrl.Thj` ha tm` br`bs dhjjhify r`dhgioz`l bil r`wbrl`l oihrgbiosbtohis br`3

Hutstbiloig sbf`s p`rahrjbid`L`fov`ry xd`ff`id`3 oi toj`, wotmoi nulg`t_ brs ha s`rvod`\m` dbt`ghro s oi wmodm dhjpbio`s r wbrl jpfhy``s l`p`il hitm` ibtur` ha nusoi`ss ha tm` hrgbiosbtohi. \m` bfogij`it ha tm`s`syst`js wotm hrgbiosbtohi strbt`gy os wmbt m`fps tm` hrgbiosbtohith bdmo`v` tm` l`sor`l ojpbdt ha tm`or r`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohiprhgrbjj`s. Ahr xbjpf`, tm` & L hrgbiosbtohis mbv` r`wbrlsr`fbt`l th pbt`its, prhludt hrgbiosbtohis mbv` r`wbrls bsshdobt`lwotm prhludt oiihvbtohis, bil tm`r` br` bwbrls th oid`itovoz`sbf`s, `td. Hrgbiosbtohis bfsh r`dhgioz` br`bs fok` dusthj`rs`rvod` `xd`ff`id`, t`bj `xd`ff`id`, oiihvbtohis bil ol`bs tmbtmbv` fbstoig ojpbdt hi tm` nusoi`ss.

N`st whrkpfbd`s prhbdtov`fy ol`itoay br`bs tmbt mbv` mogm ojpbdthi sustboibnofoty ha tm` nusoi`ss sudd`ss, bil wmodm t`il th g`tjoss`l hut luroig tm` ihrjbf dhurs` ha nusoi`ss. Ny ojpf`j`itoigprbdtod`s tmbt r`dhgioz` bdmo`v`j`its ahr b vbro`ty ha r`bshis,hrgbiosbtohis prhvol` bi hpphrtuioty th jbiy jhr` jpfhy``s thg`t bppr`dobtohi bil r`dhgiotohi.

Thj` sudm oiihvbtov` br`bs br`3

Dhffbnhrbtohi, @aa`dtov` Jbibg`rs, N`st i`w dhj`rs, Thdobfvhfuit``roig

Oit`f3

\^P@ NFP@ Ubrti`r Bwbrl ahr N`oig b shfol pbrti`r

th tm` nusoi`ss.

415 L`gr`` Bwbrl os shj`tmoig gov`i hut th

oilovolubfs ahr aa`dtov` stbk`mhfl`r jbibg`j`it.

^hffoig Nbt/^htbtoig Afbg th dhjj`il `jpfhy` s

wmh mbv` bll`l vbfu` th tm` nusoi`ss bil tmos nbt/afbg os rhtbt`l hi b qubrt`rfy nbsos.

\m` \`dmihfhgy Tunjossohi Bwbrl Urhgrbj os

l`sogi`l th m`fp au`f ODBUs \`dmihfhgy Fod`isoigGrhups (\FG) fod`isoig nusoi`ss ny `idhurbgoignfu` nblg` `jpfhy``s th sunjot prhphsbfs ahr

suotbnf` fod`isbnf` t`dmihfhgo`s.

1.>.23 Wmbt th r`dhgioz` bil mhwth jbk` r`dhgiotohi/bppr`dobtohim`brt`ft8

^`fobid` Dhjj`rdobf gov`s Bwbrl ahr n`oig tm` N`stDhffbnhrbthr. N`st Dhffbnhrbthr os b p`rshi wmhnroigs bff p`hpf` thg`tm`r th brrov` bt b shfutohi

`isuroig nusoi`ss dhitoiuoty & l`dosohi. M`/sm`nrolg`s tm` dhjjuiodbtohi gbp tm`r`ny dr`btoigwoi-woi sotubtohi ahr bff. \mos n`mbvohur `idhurbg`st`bj whrkoig bjhig vbrohus stbk`mhfl`rs, dr`bt`sjhr` phsotov` hutfhhk, gr`bt`r bdd`ptbnofoty hal`dosohis & prhd`ss r`quor`j`its, prhvol`s gr`bt`rdfbroty oi dhjjuiodbtohi bil m`fps oi g`ttoigoiahrj`l l`dosohis wotmoi toj`foi`s.

\UG Thatwbr`3 N`st L`nutbit` Bwbrl3 Jhstprhjosoig i`w Choi`r(s) luroig tm` _`br osr`dhgioz`l, bppr`dobt`l bil bwbrl`l ahr quodkfyblbptoig th \UG Thatwbr`s duftur` ny g`ttoig w`ffdhii`dt`l th p`hpf` bdrhss tm` hrgbiozbtohi

orr`sp`dtov` ha prhc`dt hr whrk bssogi`l, bil nydhitronutoig wotm oiihvbtov` bil dr`btov` tmhugmtswmodm prhjpt `v`ryhi` th tmoik loaa`r`itfy.

\UG Thatwbr`3 Jbibg`robf @xd`ff`id` Bwbrls3 Ahrl`jhistrbtoig xd`ff`it jbibg`robf qubfoto`s f`bloigth `aa`dtov` ojpf`j`itbtohi ha 1 Ns (Nuy, Nhrrhw,Nhhst, Nuofl, Noil, bil Nhuid`).

T\B^ DT^ QHFPI\@@^T bt TBUFbns

Nbs`l hi oivhfv`j`it, `itmusobsj bilhv`rbff ojpbdt oi tm` DT^ bdtovoto`s. \mosbwbrl dbrro`s ^s. 05,555/:, wmodm tm``jpfhy`` dbi dmhhs` th dhitronut` th biIGH ha mos/m`r dmhod`.

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Hrgbiosbtohis ihw bfsh uil`rstbil tmbt r`dhgiotohi smhufl iht n`fojot`l th bdmo`v`j`its hify. \mus, tm`y mbv` l`vos`l j`dmbiosjsbil prhvol`l `jpfhy``s wotm b pfbtahrj th prbos` `aahrts. \m`ahffhwoig jbtrox arhj Bj`rodbi @xpr`ss smhws mhw tm`hrgbiosbtohi prhvol`s b df`br podtur` th ots `jpfhy``s bnhut wmbt

bdtohis bil n`mbvohurs br` l`sor`l ny tm` hrgbiozbtohi wmodm otwoff r`wbrl bil r`dhgioz`.

^`wbrls bil `dhgiotohi prhgrbjj`s oi hrgbiosbtohis mbv` ihw`xt`il`l tm`or nhuilbry th oidful` htm`r stbk`mhfl`rs, hv`r bilbnhv` tm`or `jpfhy``s, wmhs` dhitronutohi os drotodbf th tm`hrgbiozbtohis sudd`ss.

Hrgbiosbtohis ihw br` bfsh oiv`stoig b fht ha `aahrt oi `isuroig tm`r`wbrls br` oilovolubfoz`l. \m`y uil`rstbil tmbt tm`s` r`wbrlswoff n` vbfu`l ny tm` `jpfhy``s jhst wm`i tm`y dbt`r th tm`orp`rshibf i``ls/styf`s. Hrgbiosbtohis bfsh oivhfv` abjofy j`jn`rsbil sogioaodbit htm`rs bt tm` toj` ha r`dhgiotohi th bll p`rshibfthudm bil prhvol` tm` abjofy hr pbrti`rs b s`is` ha n`fhigoig.

N`st Urbdtod` - Dhii`dtoig wotm abjofy3

\UG Thatwbr` fbys b fht ha `jpmbsos hi dhii`dtoigwotm tm` abjofo`s ha tm` jpfhy``s n`oig r`dhgioz`l.Bff tm` bwbrl sdm`j`s try th dhiv`y tm` hrgbiozbtohisr`sp`dt, r`dhgiotohi bil ojphrtbid` thwbrls tm``jpfhy``s abjofy. Bff tm` proz`s whi ny Nrodk^`lobisoi rhutoi` lbofy/ w``kfy `v`its br` dbr`auffy dmhs`ith suot tm` p`rshibfoz`l i``ls ha tm` abjofo`s ha tm``jpfhy``s. Tojofbrfy bff tm` bwbrls haa`r`l th tm`bwbrl` s br` boj`l bt haa`roig shj`tmoig uioqu` thtm` abjofy j`jn`rs, wmodm b dhjjhi sbfbro`lp`rshi woff d`rtboify fhv` th mbv` nut jby iht n` bnf`th nuy ot. Bfsh, tm` dhjp`isbtohi mbs b dhjphi`itha F`bv` \rbv`f Bssostbid` (F\B) bil J`lodfbojwmodm os abjofy ahdus`l thwbrls `it`rtboij`it bil

j`lodbf `xog`ido`s r`sp`dtov`fy.

^`wbrloig Dhitrbdthrs3Oi bllotohi th r`wbrloig tm` p`rjbi`it `jpfhy``s, TBUFbnsOilob bfsh r`wbrls ots dhitrbdthrs bil v`ilhrs. \m`y mbv` bQ`ilhr ^`dhgiotohi Urhgrbj wm`r` tm` thp > v`ilhrs arhj`bdm s`rvod` br`b br` r`wbrl`l `v`ry y`br. \m`y bfsh r`wbrl`ltm`or nus lrov`rs ahr x`jpfbry whrk.

Oit`f mbs df`brfy brtodufbt`l ot hnc`dtov` n`moil

ahffhwoig b to`r`l bpprhbdm th r`wbrloig, `isuroigtmbt ot r`wbrls3

bt tm` rogmt toj` - iht wbotoig ahr thh fhig bat`r tm`

bddhjpfosmj`it ahr tm` rogmt r bshi - `isuroig w` br` r wbrloig

tm` l`sor`l n`mbvohrs oi tm` rogmt wby - dmhhsoig tm` bpprhprobt` ahruj

oi dhjnoibtohi wotm tm` rogmt f`v`f ha r`wbrl -

jhi`tbry, pbrto`s, r`dhgiotohi oi b vosonf` jbii`r sudm tmbt bi hpphrtuioty th

smbr` f`brioig os dr`bt`l

Oit`f mbs Mbff ha Abj` th punfodfy r`dhgioz` Mogm

p`rahrjoig oistrudthrs

Ots bnhut jbkoig `jpfhy``s a``f gr`bt hi n`oigr`dhgioz`l bt Oituot. \m` ahffhwoig r`dhgiotohiprbdtod`s `xmonot ots g`i`rhsoty bil tmhugmtaufi`ss.@bdm typ` ha r`dhgiotohi k``ps oi joil tm` ibtur` habdmo`v`j`it.

D`f`nrbtoig tm` s`rvod` biiov`rsbry \m` r`wbrl osoi tm` ahrj ha `-jbof bil dbsm Tphtfogmt Bwbrl arhjNrbl Tjotm, D@H. Oi bllotohi tm` `jpfhy`` g`ts bghhly nbg m`r` bt tm` Oilob L`v`fhpj`it D`it`rtmbt oidful`s b drystbf j`j`ith, s. 2,555/: Afopkbrtvhudm`r bil b nhx ha dmhdhfbt`s. Oituot bfsh s`ils bnhuqu`t ha afhw`rs th tm` `jpfhy``s mhj` hi tm`ors`rvod` biiov`rsbry.

Tdhtt Dhhk Oiihvbtohi Bwbrls

Ot r`wbrls tmrhugm b stbtu`tt`, r`dhgiotohi hi tm`Oiihvbtohi Wbff ha Abj`, loii`r wotm tm` x`dutov`t`bj bil b trbv`f bwbrl, oidfuloig bi `xp`is`-pbol,tmr``-lby, trop biywm`r` oi tm` dhitoi`itbf Piot`lTtbt`s. \m`yr` bfsh bffhw`l th l`lodbt` toj` thwhrk hi b prhc`dt ha tm`or hwi dr`btohi. \mos dbi n``otm`r mbfa tm`or toj` ahr sox jhitms hr auff-toj` ahrtmr`` jhitms. Ot os gov`i ny Dhjpbiy dh-ahuil`rTdhtt Dhhk.

Biiubf Bwbrls - Bff-`xp`is` pbol trop th l`stoibtohiha dmhod`.

Bi ojphrtbit bsp`dt ha `x`dutohi os r`dhgiozoig bil r`wbrloig oisudm b wby tmbt `v`ry jpfhy`` a``fs vbfubnf` bil os prhul ha tm`bdmo`v`j`it. \m` sporot n`moil ot smhufl dhj` bfov`. \hg`tm`ri`ssbil tojoig br` bfsh drotodbf ahr `aa`dtov` r dhgiotohi. Ot os, tm`r`ahr`bi ojphrtbit dmbff`ig` th `isur` b ghhl nbfbid` n`tw``iprhjpti`ss oi r`dhgiozoig bil lhoig ot oi sudm b wby tmbt otn`dhj`s b prhul jhj`it.

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Jossohi >52> bffhw`l Nrodk^`lobis (\UG Thatwbr``jpfhy``s) th l`f`gbt` tbsks dhisol`r`l ojphrtbitny tm`j th tm`or s`iohr jbibg`j`it. \m` s`iohrjbibg`j`it soid`r`fy sthhl bddhuitbnf` th bdmo`v`tm` upwbrl l`f`gbt`l tbrg`ts tmbt tm`y br` oi n`stphsotohi th bdmo`v` bil phst`l prhgr`ss hi blbsmnhbrl hi b r`gufbr nbsos ahr p`hpf` th dhjj`it.\mos prhvol`l bi hpphrtuioty th tm` jbibg`rs th g`tr`dhgiotohi arhj tm`or cuiohrs.

Oistotutohibfozoig tm` duftur` ha r`dhgiotohi!\UG Thatwbr` Bi Bppr`dobtohi \r`` os pfbd`l bt tm` haaod` `itry

bil `xot gbt`. Bs p`hpf` `it`r bil `xot arhj tm`haaod` gbt`, tm` bppr`dobtohi f`bv`s pbst`l hi tm`bppr`dobtohi tr`` r`joils tm`j th fhhk nbdk bilpbst` bi bppr`dobtohi sfop ahr tm`or dhff`bgu` oir`dhgiotohi ha xtrbhrloibry whrk lhi` ny tm`j.

Tmbroig sudd`ss sthro s ha Nrodk^`lobis ny D@H/

DHH oi Bff Mbils J``toigs Jbibg`rs wrot` p`rshibf iht`s bnhut ghhl

p`rahrjbid` tmrhugm -jbofs hr pbst` sfops Jbibg`rs mhfl jhrbf`-nuofloig j``toigs th

d`f`nrbt` sudd`ss Wm`i losdussoig ol`bs wotm htm`r p`hpf`, p``rs

hr mogm`r jbibg`j`it, jbibg`rs jbk` sur` thgov` dr`lot th tm` p`rshi wmh dbj` up wotm tm`

ol`b/tmhugmt

\m` n`st pbrt ha r`dhgiotohis hi choioig biiov`rsbry d`f`nrbtohi bt \UG Thatwbr` os tmbt `v`ry goat os p`rshibfoz`l th suottm` i``ls ha tm` biiov`rsbry gorf/nhy wmodm \ bj M^ brrov`s bt ny oiahrjbffy stulyoig tm` foa`styf` bil oit`r`sts ha v`ryNrodk^`lobi th prhdur` tm` goat bddhrloigfy. \mos nroigs ojj`lobt` sjof` hi tm` abd` ha tm` `jpfhy`` n`oig bwbrl`l

wotm mogm f`v`f ha `xdot`j`it smbr`l ny tm` abjofy j`jn`rs wm`i tm`y g`t th kihw bnhut tm` bwbrl.

Jhr`hv`r, tm` Tt``roig Dhjjott`` (s`iohr f`bl`rsmop t`bj) wmof` dmhhsoig bil ihjoibtoig p`hpf` ahr bwbrls,l`fon`rbt s hi tm` ahffhwoig abdthrs3 b. Jbtdm tm` r`wbrl th bdmo`v`j`its n. Jbtdm tm` r wbrl th tm` p`rshi d.J`bsur`s ha bdmo`v`j`its oi tm` fogmt ha bwbrl

\UG Thatwbr` bfsh prhvol`s ots `jpfhy``s af`xonofoty th dmhhs` tm`or dhjp`isbtohi strudtur` bil oidr`j`it dydf .

Hrgbiosbtohis ihw uil`rstbil tm` phw`r ha r`dhgiotohi bilbppr`dobtohi. \m`y uil`rstbil tmbt ot r`quor s b fht ha aahrt hi tm`pbrt ha `jpfhy``s th dhitoiuhusfy dhitronut` thwbrlshrgbiozbtohis sudd`ss. Ot os tm` r`dhgiotohi hr whrls ha prbos` tmbtgov` bi `jpfhy`` tm` pusm th gh hi. Ghi` br` tm` lbys wm`ir`dhgiotohi mbl b thp lhwi bpprhbdm. Hrgbiosbtohis ihw br`dr`btoig pfbtahrjs ahr bff th r`dhgioz` `bdm htm`r, wmodm oidful`sp``r th p``r bil cuiohr th s`iohr r`dhgiotohi. Hrgbiozbtohis jpfhyjuftopf` nrhbl-nbs`l r`dhgiotohi prhgrbjs th `idhurbg`bdmo`v`j`it bil th sustboi b duftur` ha dusthj`r ahdus bil mogm`jpfhy`` oivhfv`j`it.

Bpbrt arhj ots p`rohlod hr r`durroig r`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohiprhgrbjs, CJ Aoibidobf T`rvod`s r`gufbrfy fbuidm`s dhit`sts th

`idhurbg` m`bftmy dhjp`totohi n`tw``i t`bjs/fhdbtohis th nhhstsbf`s, `idhurbg` f`brioig bil dhffbnhrbtohi. \m` ahffhwoigdhit`sts w`r` fbuidm`l oi tm` fbst dbf`ilbr y`br3

2. ^bd` Bgboist _hurs`fa>. Ur`lodt tm` Oil`x4. Whrk oi Ubors

5 Lwotoyb0. Jossohi \mbofbil1. TOU 7055 th \mbofbil

Bloto \ dmihfhgo`s ruis p`rohlod dhit`sts bil`v`its (Dunodf` L`dhrbtohi nbs`l hi Nusoi`ss\m`j`s, Psbg` ha i`w thhfs arhj tm` OT \ bj,Rubfoty \`bj Ruoz, Tphrts, Dhhkoig Dhjp`totohis,`td.) tmbt nroig oi bdtov` pbrtodopbtohi arhj`jpfhy``s, wmh br` r`wbrl`l ahr tm`or hutstbiloigdhitronutohi.

Hrgbioz`rs ha vbrohus v`its, oidfuloig mhus`k``poig

bil `xt`ribf s`rvod` prhvol`rs r`d`ov` kulhs arhjtm` jbibg`j`it ahr v`its w`ff lhi`.

1.>.> ^`dhgiotohi bs tm` wby h fo`3 dr`btoig b dmbid` hr bff th n` r`dhgioz`l

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@jpfhy`` Bppr`dobtohi Jhitm3 Bj`rodbi @xpr`ss n`fo`v`s tmbt otsbfwbys b ghhl toj` th sby tmbik yhu, bppfbul bil smhwbppr`dobtohi ahr tm` gr`bt whrk lhi` `v`ry lby ny dhff`bgu`s hrf`bl`rs. Mhw`v`r, jbiy b toj`s bi hrgbiozbtohi dbi fhs` ahdus hitmos ojphrtbit bsp`dt wm`i sh judm os mbpp`ioig. \mbts wmbt

@jpfhy`` Bppr`dobtohi Jhitm bt Bj`rodbi @xpr`ss os bff bnhut;purphs`auffy puttoig ^`dhgiotohi oi tm` sphtfogmt! Oi Ihv`jn`r>522, gfhnbffy, tm` hrgbiosbtohi ahdus`l hi ^&^ tmrhugm^`wbrlNfu`. \m` `itor` jhitm d`f`nrbt`l r`dhgiotohi bdrhssnusoi`ss`s, bdrhss jbrk`ts. A`fodotbtohi d`r`jhio`s w`r`hrgbioz`l ahr woii`rs bil mogm bdmo`v`rs. Bfsh mogmfogmtoig tm`

jhitm w`r` b s`ro`s ha dhit`sts bil proz`s th `idhurbg``jpfhy``s th r`dhgioz` bil tmbik tm`or p``rs usoig `wbrlNfu`.\mrhugmhut tm` jhitm, `jpfhy``s wmh us`l ^`wbrlNfu` thr`dhgioz` l`s`rvoig dhff`bgu`s `it`r`l tm` dhit`st th woi b^`wbrlNfu` @v`rylby Gov`bwby.

^`wbrlNfu , tm` wol` hifoi` `wbrl bil `dhgiotohi pfbtahrj btBj`rodbi @xpr`ss os hi`-sthp smhp ahr r`dhgiotohi whrflwol`.T`v`ity aov` p`rd`it ha ots gfhnbf `jpfhy`` phpufbtohi mbsr`d`ov`l r`dhgiotohi tmrhugm ^`wbrlNfu`.

^`wbrls bil ^`dhgiotohi jhtovbt` `jpfhy``s ahr r`sufts hify oa

tm`y br` p`rd`ov`l th n` abor. Ot os ahuil tmbt tm` p`rd`ptohi hauiabori`ss bsshdobt`l wotm `wbrls bil ^`dhgiotohi losdhurbg`s`jpfhy``s. \h n` trbispbr`it, hrgbiosbtohis i``l th `isur`dhistbit bil dhjpr`m`isov` dhjjuiodbtohi brhuil r`wbrls bilr`dhgiotohi. Ps` ha oitrbi`t bil `-jbof ahr dhjjuiodbtohi r`fbt`lth r`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohi os b dhjjhi prbdtod`. N`st whrkpfbd`s

loaa`r itobt` tm`js`fv`s ny usoig bllotohibf j`tmhls fok` phst`rs,t`bs`rs bil i`wsf`tt`rs ahr tm` sbj`. @xt`isov` oiahrjbtohi bnhut

^`wbrls bil `dhgiotohi os prhvol`l luroig tm` oiludtohi prhd`ssoi tm`s` hrgbiosbtohis. \m` n`st whrkpfbd`s bfsh dhiludt p`rohlodtrboioig/`ludbtohi s`ssohis th `quop jbibg`rs bil jpfhy``s th

us` vbrohus r`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohi j`tmhls `aa`dtov`fy. Oituot

us`s vol`hs bil hifoi` tuthrobfs th `ludbt` `jpfhy``s bnhutr`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohi.

\UG Thatwbr` jbk`s `aa`dtov` us` ha Lospfby Nhbrls bilWhrkstbtohi L`dhrbtohis th smbr` oiahrjbtohi bnhut r`dhgiotohi oib dr`btov` wby. Oituot us`s fhdbf v`its, hifoi` tuthrobfs bil vol`hsahr dhjjuiodbtohi.

\h dr`bt` tm` koil ha nuzz bil xdot`j`it tmbt tm s` r`wbrls bilr`dhgiotohi l`s`rv` bil th bttrbdt tm` btt`itohi ha `jpfhy``s,tm`s` hrgbiosbtohis dhj` up wotm dr`btov` ibj`s bil nrbiltm`s` r`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohis prhgrbjj`s tmrhugm tm`ordhistbit dhjjuiodbtohis.

^`wbrlNfu`, bs j`itohi`l `brfo`r, os bi oit`ribf Bj`rodbi @xpr`ssnrbil. \mos nrbiloig r`jbois dhisost`it bdrhss bff jbrk`ts bil osl`fov`r`l tmrhugm juftopf` dmbii`fs. J`ssbg`s br` l`fov`r`ltmrhugm tm` Bj`rodbi @xpr`ss Dhrphrbt` Oitrbi`t, nrbil sogibg`sbr` us`l tmrhugmhut jbchr haaod`s, luroig d`f`nrbthry v`its, bilf`bl`rsmop trboioig bil dhjjuiodbtohi. \ypodbffy usoig ojbg`ryarhj tm` syst`j, sudm bs bi `Dbrl, `Nutthi hr bi ojbg` ha Nfu`Bwbrls th dr`bt` b s`is` ha abjofobroty, ^`wbrlNfu` mbs aui bil`igbgoig b`stm`tod. Bj`rodbi @xpr`ss bfsh hrgbios`l `wbrlNfuLby oi Oilob, wmodm os b ibtohiwol` fbuidm v`it hi `wbrlNfu`. Otmbl pbrtodopbtohi arhj f`bl`rs & t`bj j`jn`rs. \m` `v`itsmogmfogmts w`r` bdtubf foa`soz` lbsmnhbrls th sby tmbik yhu thdhff`bgu`s tmrhugm bdtubf dbrls & `-nutthis. \m` tmbiks bil

bwbrls r`d`ov`l dbi n` lospfby`l ny bi `jpfhy`` hi tm`or vortubflbsmnhbrl hi tm` `wbrlNfu` thhf!

1.>.4 \rbispbr`idy bil dhjjuiodbtohi pfby bi ojphrtbit rhf` oi tm``a`dtov`i`ss h tm` r`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohi syst`j

TBUFbns3 \m` dhjpbiy phrtbf mbs `fbnhrbt`oiahrjbtohi hi bff phfodo`s tmbt ojpbdt `jpfhy``s.\m` oiahrjbtohi hi tm` phrtbf os bfwbys up th lbt`bil os `bsofy bdd`ssonf`. Ruodk foiks br` prhvol`l th`jpfhy``s tmbt br` `bsy th r`j`jn`r (`.g. /gh/

`quoty-442 ahr smbr` pfbi).

Ot bfsh dhiludts b U`hpf` W``k bdrhss tm` gfhn`.\m` hnc`dtov` ha tmos oiotobtov` os th dhjjuiodbt` th`jpfhy``s vbrohus M^ bil F`brioig Urhgrbjsbvbofbnf` oi TBU. \m`r` w`r` tbfks m`fl hi ojphrtbitthpods bil l`jh phls lhi` wmodm bllr`ss`lojphrtbit prhgrbjs wotm fov` abdofotbthrs hi stbilnyth mbilf` lor`dt jpfhy`` qu`ro`s/sugg`stohis.

Rubfdhjj mbs b ^`dhgiotohi w`nsot` tmbt prhvol`s`jpfhy``s b d`itrbf pfbd` th f`bri k`y tops bnhut tm`phw`r ha r`dhgiotohi, bil prhvol`s foiks th bff r`dhgiotohithhfs, mbs guol`s ahr pr`s`itoig bwbrls bil prhvol`s foiksth tm` dhurs`s gov`i tmrhugm Rubfdhjjs F`brioigD`it`r tmbt br` r`fbt`l th `jpfhy`` r`dhgiotohi. \h m`fpjbig`rs bil p``rs `x`dut` tm` r`dhgiotohi oi tm` jhstbpprhprobt` jbii`r ot prhvol`s Lhs bil Lhits, wmodm

br` bs ahffhws3Lh3

Jbk` ot sp`dobf ny pr`s`itoig tm` d`rtoaodbt` oi p`rshi

Ps` tm` ihjoi``s pr`a`rr`l ibj`

N` soid`r` bil r`af`dt hi wmbt tm` `jpfhy`` lol

J`itohi mhw tm` dhitronutohi n`i`aot`l yhu bil/hr tm`

dhjpbiy Oivot` htm`rs bs bpprhprobt`

Lhit3

T`il d`rtoaodbt`s tmrhugm oit`r-haaod` jbof

Tmhw up uipr`pbr`l Ps` oibpprhprobt` mujhr

G`i`rbfoz` tm` dhitronutohi

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Jusod nrhbldbst mbs gov`i dr`btov` ibj`s th vbrohus dbt`ghro`s ha r`wbrlstmbt ot mbs3

Dm``rs th U``rs3 U``r r`dhgiotohi Tm`r ha tm` Jhitm Togioaodbit dhitronutohis thwbrls tm` bdmo`v`j`it ha tm`

hrgbiosbtohi vosohi Cbflo 0 I`w dhj`r r`dhgiotohi

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\h `isur` tmbt bi hrgbiosbtohi os bnf` th s`rv` tm` i``ls haloaa`r`it s`gj`its ha `jpfhy``s bil th loaa`r`itobt` n`tw``i

vbrohus dbt`ghro`s ha r`wbrls, bi hrgbiozbtohi i``ls th mbv`s`v`rbf j`tmhls ahr r`dhgiozoig bil r`wbrloig. Dhjjhify us`lj`tmhls ahr r`dhgiotohi br` govoig d`rtoaodbt`s, trhpmo`s, dbsm,vhudm`rs, td.\m` us` ha vbro`ty ha j`tmhls m`fps bi hrgbiosbtohi

Dhisol`roig tm` ojphrtbid` ha ^`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohi, jhr`bil jhr` hrgbiosbtohis br` pfbiioig b s`pbrbt` nulg`t ahr ot.Qbrohus bpprhbdm`s us`l ahr nulg`toig br`3

@xt`ribf n`idmjbrkoig, ahffhwoig tm` oilustry ihrj.

U`r p`rshi nbsos.

@stbnfosmoig b d`rtboi iujn`r ha prhgrbjs nbs`l hi tm`

hnc`dtov`s th n` bdmo`v`l. \h `stojbt` tm` iujn`r ha p`hpf`tmbt whufl fok` th r`wbrl/r`dhgioz` bil `stojbt` r`wbrl vbfu`ahr `bdm oilovolubf dbt`ghry.

\m` nulg`t ahr tm` ^`wbrls bil ^`dhgiotohi syst`j os bfsh

brrov`l bt nbs`l hi tr`il bibfysos ha pr`vohus y`brs bil tm`iujn`r ha bwbrls gov`i hut bs b rbtoh ha m`bldhuit.

Bi oidr`j`it hi tm` fbst y`br usbg` bil losnurs`j`it3 \htbf

iujn`r ha woii`rs fbst y`br, thtbf r`wbrl bjhuit/woii`r,Bljoiostrbtov` dhst, Dhst ha \rhpmo`s/shuv`iors, `td., br` us`lth pr`pbr` nulg`ts. Bpbrt arhj oidr`bsoig tm` fbst y`brssp`iloig ny b p`rd`itbg`, hrgbiozbtohis bfsh dhisol`r tm`

dmbig`s oi `jpfhy`` iujn`rs, i`w fhdbtohis, i`w bwbrldbt`ghro`s n`oig pfbii`l ahr oitrhludtohi luroig tm` dhjoigy`br, bs w`ff bs tm` fhgostods ha dhv`roig bi oidr`bsoigfy xpbiloigphpufbtohi.

Bt CJ Aoibidobf, tm ^&^ nulg`t os nbs`l hi3

Dhst ha tm` `v`it hrgbios`l oi tm` pr`vohus aoibidobf y`brs

Iujn`r ha bwbrls l`dol`l uphi

Oidfusohi ha i`w dhid`pts hr jhloaodbtohis oi tm` Bwbrls nbs`l

uphi a``lnbdk arhj Nusoi`ss M`bls

Jhst hrgbiosbtohis fhhk bt tm` nulg`t bs b p`rd`itbg` ha thtbfstbaa dhst. \m` rbig` ha nulg`t os n`tw``i 5.2 % bil >5% ha tm`thtbf `jpfhy`` dhst. Ot iht hify l`p`ils hi mhw judm bi

hrgbiosbtohi os woffoig th sp`il hi ^`wbrls bil ^`dhgiotohi, nutbfsh hi wmbt `f`j`its bi hrgbiosbtohi oidful`s bs pbrt ha tmosnulg`t rbigoig arhj r`wbrls bjhuits, vbrobnf` dhjp`isbtohi thm`bftm bil w`ffi`ss `xp`ilotur`, `td. Ahr `xbjpf`, TBUFbns

th n` jhr` p`rshibfoz`l ny dusthjozoig b r`wbrl bddhrloig th tm`oilovolubfs i``l. U`rshibfozoig hr oilovolubfozoig bfsh m`fps oi`imbidoig tm` hv`rbff `xp`ro`id` ha tm` `jpfhy``s. N`stwhrkpfbd`s br` usoig j`tmhls fok` sbfbry oidr`bs`, nhius bwbrlbil ^`strodt`l Tthdk Piots (^TPs), mhfolby pbdkbg`s, `xtrbf`bv`s, `td., th r`dhgioz` `aahrts bs w`ff bs dhitronutohi. Jbiy hatm`s` r`wbrls br` nrhbl nbs`l bil l`sogi`l th prhjht` tm`s`is` ha hwi`rsmop. M`r` br` shj` jhr` j`tmhls/wbys thr`dhgioz`/r`wbrl `jpfhy``s, wmodm br` n`oig us`l ny

hrgbiozbtohis.

B mogmfy rbt`l `jpfhy`` sthdk bwbrl prhgrbj3

Rubfdhjj haa`rs r`strodt`l sthdk uiots th `jpfhy``s. Bff`jpfhy``s, oidfuloig tmhs` wmh br` ihi-`x`jpt, r`d`ov`Rubfdhjj sthdk bwbrls wm`i tm`y br` mor`l bs pbrt ha tm` chnhaa`r pbdkbg`. Oi bllotohi, `jpfhy``s br` `fogonf` th r`d`ov` hi-

ghoig sthdk bwbrls `v`ry sox jhitms bs pbrt ha tm` s`jo-biiubfr`vo`w dydf`. Rubfdhjjs biiubf bwbrl r`d`opt rbt`s, bil vbfu`

l`fov`r`l, br` bnhv` jbrk`t bil hat`i `xd``l tm` jbrk`t 70tmp`rd`itof` bt `v`ry hrgbiozbtohibf f`v`f (o.`., ihi-`x`jpt,prha`ssohibf, jbibg`j`it bil `x`dutov`-f`v f jpfhy``s).

B g`i`rhus @jpfhy`` Tthdk Uurdmbs` Ufbi (@TUU)3

Bt Rubfdhjj bff `jpfhy``s br` `fogonf` th pbrtodopbt` oiRubfdhjjs @jpfhy`` Tthdk Uurdmbs` Ufbi (@TUU). \m` prhgrbj`ibnf`s pbrtodopbits th dhitronut` n`tw``i 2% bil 20% ha tm`orsbfbry tmrhugm r`gufbr pbyrhff l`ludtohis bil us` tmbt jhi`y thpurdmbs` smbr`s ha Rubfdhjj sthdk twod` b y`br bt b joiojuj20 p`rd`it losdhuit. Durr`itfy, bpprhxojbt`fy 74 p`rd`it ha`fogonf` `jpfhy``s pbrtodopbt` oi tm` @TUU gfhnbffy. Hv`r tm` pbsty`br, bpprhxojbt`fy 0= p`rd`it m`fl tm`or purdmbs`l smbr`s ahr

jhr` tmbi twh y`brs arhj tm` n`goiioig ha tm` Haa`r U`rohl.

Oit`fs `quoty prhgrbj os uioqu` oi tmbt ot thudm`s `jpfhy``s bt bfff`v`fs bil s``ks th smbr` tm` dhjpbiys sudd`ss bil w`bftmdr`btohi bdrhss ots jpfhy`` nbs`. Oit`f mbs haa`r`l ots jpfhy``sb nrhbl-nbs`l sthdk prhgrbj. Oit`f `jpfhy``s bdquor` b stbk` oitm` fhig-t`rj grhwtm ha Oit`f bil dbi pht`itobffy n`i`aot arhj tm`dbpotbf bppr`dobtohi.

1.4 J`tmhls us`l th r`dhgioz` bil r`wbrl

1.< Nulg`toig hr ^`wbrls bil ^`dhgiotohi

Ps` ha shdobf j`lob pfbtahrj ahr r`dhgiotohi3Bt \UG Thatwbr , jbibg`rs p`rshibffy dhigrbtufbt`p`hpf` ahr lhoig b ghhl chn. \m`y lh sh ny wrotoigp`rshibf iht`s bnhut ghhl p`rahrjbid` hi Oitrbi`t/Foik`lOi, Abd`nhhk, `td. @jpfhy``s, tmos wby, dbismbr` tm`or bdmo`v`j`it bil prhul jhj`its wotmwol`r s`t ha p`hpf`.

Bj`rodbi @xpr`ss mbs bi bppr`dobtohi thhf dbff`l`\mbiks. @jpfhy``s sby tmbt tm`s` thhfs jbk`r`dhgiotohi aui, sphitbi`hus bil dr`btov`. `Dbrls,`Nutthis, bil bor\mbiks br` shdobf i`twhrkoig thhfstmbt dr`bt` gr`bt whrk dhiv`rsbtohis. \m`y r`quor`ih bpprhvbfs bil tm`r` br` ih fojots th r`dhgiozoig._hu dbi us` tm`j hv r bil hv`r bgboi.

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J`bsuroig `aa`dtov`i`ss ha tm` oiotobtov`s bil prhgrbjs os tm` k`yth isuroig tmbt bi hrgbiosbtohi g`ts rogmt hutdhj`s ahr tm` jhi`ybil `aahrts tmbt ot oiv`sts hi tm` prhd`ss ha r`dhgiozoig bilr`wbrloig `jpfhy``s. Oi tm` bns`id` ha sudm j`bsur`s tm`r` osphssonofoty th fhs` ahdus ha tm` hnc`dtov` wotm wmodm bi oiotobtov`/

prhgrbj wbs stbrt`l, bil tmus, ot jby iht bll tm` `xp`dt`lvbfu`.

Oiahrjbf a``lnbdk arhj jpfhy``s bil jpfhy`` surv`ys br` tm`jhst dhjjhi j`tmhls us`l ny hrgbiosbtohis th j`bsur` tm``aa`dtov`i ss ha ^`wbrls bil `dhgiotohi Urhgrbjs.

\m` usbg` ha loaa`r it j`tmhls th r`dhgioz` bfsh prhvol`s biojphrtbit oiput th hrgbiosbtohis hi mhw `aa`dtov`/us`auf tm``jpfhy``s br` aoiloig tm`s` j`tmhls.

Oi bllotohi th j`bsuroig prhgr`ss ha `jpfhy`` p`rahrjbid`thwbrls dhrphrbt` ghbfs, w`ff-l`aoi`l p`rahrjbid j`bsur`j`it

syst`js m`fp th gbug` `jpfhy`` r`d`ptohi, uil`rstbiloig bilnuy-oi ahr r`wbrl syst`js. \mos drotodbf a``lnbdk dbi m`fpjbibg`rs jbk` blcustj`its i`d`ssbry th lrov` ojprhv`j`itsbil bvhol uiahr`s``i uil`sorbnf` n`mbvohurs bil bdtohis tmbti`gbtov`fy ojpbdt dhrphrbt` ghbfs bil tm` hrgbiozbtohis duftur`.

A``lnbdk tbk`i arhj `jpfhy``s tmrhugm vbrohus htm`r dmbii`fsbfsh m`fps uil`rstbil tm` `aa`dtov`i`ss ha tm` r`wbrls bilr`dhgiotohi prhgrbjs. @jpfhy``s mbv` tm` hpphrtuioty th smbr`tm`or a``lnbdk tmrhugm ahrujs fok` M^ Hp`i Mhus`s, skop f`v`fj``toigs, td.

Abff oi p`rd`itbg` ha bttrotohi os dhisol`r`l th n` bihtm`r sogioaodbitoiput tmbt sp`bks bnhut tm` hv`rbff duftur` ha tm` hrgbiosbtohi hawmodm bppr`dobtohi bil r`dhgiotohi br` bi `ss`itobf pbrt.

Thj` hrgbiosbtohis mbv` s``i b l`dr`bs` oi turihv`r ha

`jpfhy``s arhj ol`itoao`l mogm p`rahrjbid` dbt`ghry phst tm`ojpf`j`itbtohi ha r`wbrls oi tm` dbt`ghry, wmodm df`brfy `xmonotstm` aa`dtov`i`ss ha syst`j.

Oit`f j`bsur`s `aa`dtov`i`ss ha ^`dhgiotohi tmrhugm TBJ (T`faBss`ssj`it J`tmhlhfhgy) Turv`y. \mos surv y os dhiludt`l hid`oi 2.0 y`brs bil fhhks bt syst`js bil prhd`ss`s th k``p tm` whrksot` m`bftmy bil vonrbit.

sp`ils i`brfy 20% ha ots thtbf `jpfhy`` dhsts hi r`wbrls,r`dhgiotohi bil n`i`aots. Oituot oiv`sts jhr` tmbi $2 noffohi oi \htbf^`wbrls ahr tm`or `jpfhy``s whrflwol`, ha wmodm s`rvod`biiov`rsbry bil p`rahrjbid` r`dhgiotohi nulg`t stbils btbpprhxojbt fy $= joffohi.

Tup`rvoshrs bil foi` Jbibg`rs br` prhvol`l b nulg`t ahr oiahrjbfr`wbrls. Bt Bj`rodbi @xpr`ss, tm` gfhnbf ^&^ nulg`t os s`t bt bdhjpbiywol` f`v`f, wmodm os aurtm`r bffhdbt`l th bdm FHN nbs`lhi tm`or r`sp`dtov` `jpfhy`` phpufbtohis. @bdm f`bl`r osbddhuitbnf` ahr tm`or nulg`t bil just jbibg` ot r`sphisonfy. Hi

^`wbrlNfu` (Bj`x r`wbrl pfbtahrj), tm` nulg`t os dbpp`l bt5.0% ha tm` thtbf pbyrhff dhsts.

Ot os bfsh ojphrtbit th gov` dbr`auf tmhugmt th tm` l`jhgrbpmods hatm` tbrg`t bulo`id` wmof` pfbiioig tm` nulg`t. Ahr `xbjpf`, oa

yhur s`rvod` prhgrbj os tbrg`toig b grhup tmbt jbk`s sox aogur`sbfbro`s, tm` bwbrl just mbv` otm`r b sogioaodbit syjnhfod vbfu` hrn` b aborfy iod` bwbrl oi hrl`r th g`t tm`or btt`itohi. Tojofbrfy, oa tm`tbrg`t os G`i _ `jpfhy`` tm`i tm` r`wbrl ot`j smhufl tr`ily biloi foi` wotm tm`or foa`styf` bil p`rshibfoto`s.

1.0 J`bsuroig `a`dtov`i`ss

CJ Aoibidobf3 B j`bsur`j`it JOT nbs`l hi tm`l`fov`rbnf`s fok` \B\, r`v`iu` g`i`rbtohi, dfo`itbdquosotohi, td., br` jboitboi`l prohr th tm` `wbrlbil `dhgiotohi bdtovoty. Tojofbr JOT phst tm` bdtovoty

os bfsh jboitboi`l th j`bsur` tm` loaa`r`id` oi t`rjsha p`rahrjbid`.

\UG Thatwbr` aoils ots`fa bssur`l ha tm` aa`dtov`i ssha ots prbdtod`s ny Oidr`bs` oi Dusthj`r Tbtosabdtohi & ^`t`itohi

Dfo`it Bppr`dobtohi bil n`tt`r rbpphrt

Fhw`r Bttrotohi ^bt`3 `sp`dobffy ha tm` mogm

p`rahrj`rs Ojprhv`l Urhludtovoty3 `lud`l l`fov`ry toj`

^`lud`l Bns`it``osj rbt`

Mogm`r @jpfhy`` r`a`rrbf,

Gr`bt`r us` ha p``r r`dhgiotohi Joiojbf toj` r`quor`l ahr i`w choi`rs th n`

prhludtov`.

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\m` wby r`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohi br` l`sogi`l jby shj`toj`snhhst oilovolubf p`rahrjbid` bil bdmo`v`j`it ha smhrt t`rj ghbfsnut jby mbrj t`bj whrk, dhffbnhrbtohi bil hrgbiosbtohi grhwtmbil sustboibnofoty oi tm` fhig`r rui. Hi tm` htm`r mbil, t`bj bilhrgbiosbtohi f`v`f r`wbrls jby iht jhtovbt` `bdm `jpfhy`` thdhitronut` `qubffy, bil m`id` jby baa`dt oilovolubf prhludtovoty.

Ahffhwoig dmbrt smhws loaa`r`it f`v`fs ha r`wbrls bil tm`orblvbitbg`s bil losblvbitbg s3

^`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohi syst`js josbfogi`l wotm dhrphrbt`hnc`dtov`s dbi r`suft oi n`mbvohurs tmbt br` iht bitodopbt`l hrl`sor`l ny tm` jbibg`j`it. \m`s` uibitodopbt`l bdtohis jby n`p`rshibffy n`i`aodobf th arhit-foi` sbf`s r`pr`s`itbtov`s,jbiuabdturoig afhhr jbibg`rs hr v`i s`iohr x`dutov`s, bil y`t,tm`y jby jhv` tm` dhjpbiy bwby arhj ots hv`rbff ghbfs hr dbus`syst`jod bil dufturbf mbrj.

\m`r` br` dmbff`ig`s bsshdobt`l wotm tm` koil ha p`rahrjbid`jbibg`j`it syst`j dmhs`i. Ahr `xbjpf`, tm`r` br` afbws wotmahrd`l rbikoig j`tmhl (bfsh dbff`l bppfyoig tm` n`ff durv`) tmbtjbilbt`s jbibg`rs th lostronut` rbiks bjhigst tm`or t`bjs oi bd`rtboi rbtoh. Ot pfbys bgboist tmhs` jbibg`rs wmh br` bnf` th mor`/trboi bil jhtovbt` tm`or t`bj j`jn`rs n`tt`r tmbi htm`r t`bjs oi

tm` hrgbiosbtohi lu` th aox`l quhtb p`rd`itbg`s. Bihtm`r xbjpf`os hrgbiosbtohis abffoig oith tm` trbp ha ojpf`j`itoig j`trods, wmodmbftmhugm pusm sbf`s ahr b smhrt`r p`rohl ha toj` t`il th f`bl thi`gbtov` dusthj`r `xp`ro`id .

\m`r` os i``l th df`brfy `stbnfosm tm` ojphrtbid` ha htm`r r`wbrlsfok` `jphw`rj`it bil hpphrtuioto`s th f`bri arhj sup`rvoshrsbil htm`r dhff`bgu`s. Bt tm` sbj` toj` hrgbiosbtohis justuil`rstbil tmbt usoig r`wbrls oilosdrojoibt`fy os bs nbl bs lhoigthh fottf`; ot f`bls th dhjpfboits bil oiloaa`r`id`. Wmof` m`brta`ftihi-jhi`tbry bppr`dobtohi bil r`dhgiotohi dbi r`tboi sustboi`l`aa`dtov`i`ss, projbrofy jhi`tbry bwbrls dbi quodkfy fhs` tm`orojpbdt hr s`t up v`r oidr`bsoig xp`dtbtohis, wmodm br` loaaoduft thsustboi. Bi hrgbiosbtohi dbi gh hi sp`iloig wotmhut g`ttoig tm`

l`sor`l hutdhj`s oa tm` `aa`dtov`i`ss ha r`wbrls prhgrbjj`s osiht j`bsur`l prhbdtov`fy bil bddurbt`fy.

Hrgbiosbtohis br` y`t th l`vos` v`ry aa`dtov` bil poiphoit`l wbysth j`bsur` HO hi tm` nulg`t us`l ahr `wbrls bil `dhgiotohi.\m`r` os uibvbofbnofoty ha mbrl lbtb hr w`ff trbdk`l pbtt`ris, wmodmdbi smhw tbigonf` hutdhj`s ha ^`wbrls bil `dhgiotohi.

Thj` ha tm` dmbff`ig`s tmbt w`r` smbr`l ny tm` dhjpbio`s hi hurfost br`3

Jbibg`rs br` bt toj`s iht dhjahrtbnf` oi losdussoig bil smbroigtm` iht-sh-ghhl i`ws wotm `jpfhy``s. \m`r`ahr , tm` dmbff`ig`ha tm` hrgbiozbtohis os th quop tm`or jbibg`rs th `isur` tmbt tm`y

jboitboi b nbfbid` bil n`dhj` ghhl/`aa`dtov` jbibg`rsoist`bl ha bsporoig th n` iod`/phpufost jbibg`rs. Jbibg`rs i``lth `x`rdos` lu` lofog`id` oi ojpf`j`itoig tm` prhgrbjs tmbtr`quor` tm`or oivhfv`j`it. Lofutoig stbilbrls oi tm` qu`st ha

Drot`rob Oid`itov`s Blvbitbg`s Losblvbitbg`s

OilovolubfU`rahrjbid`

Tbf`s dhjjossohis, po`d` rbt`pby

@x`rts jhst phw`rauf ojpbdt hioilovolubf prhludtovoty (45% oidr`bs`)

Lh`s iht prhjht` t`bjwhrk hr `isur`b dhjj`isurbt` oidr`bs` oi prhludts`rvod` qubfoty/ hrgbiosbtohil`v`fhpj`it

GrhupU`rahrjbid`

Gboi-smbroig, ghbf smbroig bilt`bj nbs`l oid`itov` pfbis

@idhurbg`s t`bj whrk bildhffbnhrbtohi wmodm f`bls th n`tt`rhv`rbff hutput/hutdhj`

Jhl`rbt` ojpbdt hi prhludtovoty,pbrtodufbrfy oilovolubf prhludtovoty (24 %oidr`bs`)

HrgbiosbtohiU`rahrjbid`

Urhaot smbroig, sthdk smbroig,oidfuloig nrhbl nbs`l sthdkhptohis, sthdk purdmbs`prhgrbjj` bil jpfhy`` sthdkhwi`rsmop pfbis

Oidr`bs` smbr`mhfl`r r`turis bildhjpbiy prhaots, fhig`rdhjjotj`it, oidr`bs`l fhybfty

Tjbff oidr`bs` oi prhludtovoty - 1 %

7. Wmbt br` tm` durr`it dmbff`ig`s8

Thurd`3 B stuly ny TM^J

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phpufbroty dbi lh b fht ha mbrj. Jbibg`rs wmh br` r`d`itfyoiludt`l i``l th n` trboi`l hi tm` dhjpbiy pmofhshpmy bil tm`sporot ghv`rioig ots r`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohi prhgrbjs.

Thj` jbibg`rs dhjpfboi tmbt tm`y lhit g`t toj` th dhjpf`t`

tm` i`d`ssbry pbp`r whrk bil ot os loaaoduft ahr tm`j th jbibg`r`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohi ahrjbfoto`s ahr b fbrg` t`bj.Oi shj` dbs`s r`wbrls prhgrbjs lh jhr` mbrj tmbi ghhl wm`ip`hpf` n`fo`v` tmbt tm`y br` n`oig dhjpbr`l i`gbtov`fy th r`wbrlwoii`rs, sojofbr os tm` dbs` wotm Oid`itov` Uby (Uby ahrU`rahrjbid`). Oa ot os p`rd`ov l ny `jpfhy``s tmbt jbiy woii`rsmbv` whi tm`or r`wbrls jhr` hi bddhuit ha abvhurotosj, i`phtosjbil phfotods, tm`i tm` prhgrbjj` os fok`fy th mbv` blv`rs` ojpbdthi jhrbf`, jhtovbtohi bil p`rahrjbid`.

Ot os mbrl th nbfbid` n`tw``i prhjpti`ss bil tryoig th jbk` tm`r`dhgiotohi oilovolubfoz`l, `sp`dobffy k``poig oi joil tm` m`dtodsdm`luf`s.

\m` hrgbiosbtohis wmodm mbv` gfhnbf pr`s`id` aoil ot loaaoduft thnbfbid` n`tw``i dhisost`idy/uioahrjoty bil fhdbf i``ls.

Dr`btoig b dhisost`idy bdrhss loaa`r`it t`bjs bil Nusoi`ss Piotsos bfsh b dmbff`ig`. Jbiy toj`s loaa`r`it Nusoi`ss Piots oit`rpr`tguol`foi`s loaa`r`itfy. \`bjs shj`toj`s aoil tm`js`fv`s g`ttoigdhistrboi`l oi bppfyoig dr`btovoty th tm` `xt`it tm`y whufl mbv`fok`l th.

Ahr `xbjpf`, bff bwbrl bjhuits oi shj` dhjpbio`s br` G`hBlcust`l, wmodm ojpfo`s loaa`r it bwbrl bjhuits ahr loaa`r itdhuitro`s nbs`l hi dhst ha fovoig/purdmbsoig phw`r pbroty bildhjp`isbtohi f`v`fs. Wm`i jpfhy``s whrk oi drhss-g`h t`bjs,sudm b phfody dbi dr`bt` b p`rd`ptohi ha losdrojoibtohi bjhig`jpfhy``s. M`r` ot n`dhj`s ojphrtbit th smbr` tm` fhgod bilrbtohibf` ahr sudm b phfody wotm `jpfhy``s oi b p`rsubsov` wby.Mhw`v`r, ot os ojphrtbit th n`br oi joil tm` abdt tmbt oa tm`loaa`r id`s br` uicustoaobnfy mogm, tm` p`rd`ptohi ha losdrojoibtohios fok`fy th foig`r.

Hutsol` dmbff`ig`s oidful` jbibgoig v`ilhr r`fbtohismops, prodoigbil n`oig hi thp ha abst-jhvoig jbrk`t oiahrjbtohi. Dbtbfhgu`

syst`js bfsh oivhfv` mbilfoig ha jbiy tbxbtohi bil fhgostodsbsp`dt.

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^`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohi prhgrbjs mbv` tm` pht`itobf th prhlud`phsotov` r`turis th smbr`mhfl`rs. ^`s`brdm l`jhistrbt`s tmbtsudm n`i`aots woff hify n` bdmo`v`l tmrhugm bi `aa`dtov` prhgrbjtmbt r`oiahrd`s bi hrgbiozbtohis ghbfs bil vbfu`s. \m`s` prhgrbjssmhufl n` tmhugmtauf, smhufl thudm b fbrg` iujn`r ha `jpfhy``sbil smhufl n` w`ff punfodoz`l. N`st whrkpfbd`s mbv` n``i bnf` thl`v`fhp r`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohi prhgrbjs tmbt prhjht`hrgbiosbtohi ghbfs bil vbfu`s bil r`bdm hut th b fbrg` iujn`r ha`jpfhy``s, shj`toj`s v`i bff jpfhy``s. \mos mbs m`fp`l tm`jth sustboi tm`or hrgbiozbtohis sudd`ss tmrhugm tm` losdr`tohibry`aahrts tmbt tm`or jpfhy``s put oi.

\m` str`igtm ha b r`wbrls syst`j l`p`ils hi tm` r`f`vbid /bpprhprobt`i`ss ha tm` j`trods (mhw w`ff yhu mbv` l`aoi`l tm`j)bil mhw bddurbt`fy bil trbispbr`itfy tm`y br` j`bsur`l bilsmbr`l. W`ogmt ha tm` r`wbrl os qubffy ojphrtbit. Oa ot os j`bgr` hruibttrbdtov` `jpfhy``s t`il th fhs` oit`r`st; hi tm` htm`r mbil oatm`y br` uir`fbt`l th p`rahrjbid`, `jpfhy``s lh iht n`fo`v` oitm` abori`ss ha tm` `vbfubtohi. \m` jhr` bttrbdtov` b r`wbrl, tm`jhr` rhnust tm` j`trods smhufl n` th n` bnf` th lrov` tm` rogmtn`mbvohurs bil ahffhw jhr` rhnust bil trbispbr`it `vbfubtohi;

htm`rwos` ot dbi mbv` jhr` i`gbtov` hutdhj`s tmbi phsotov`.

\m`r` br` iuj`rhus `xbjpf`s bjhigst n`st whrkpfbd`s ha tm`orbnofoty th l`aoi` `aa`dtov` j`trods th j`bsur` p`rahrjbid`, thprhvol` df`br guol`foi`s, th dhjjuiodbt` tm` sbj` wol`fy tmrhugmvbrohus dmbii`fs tmbt dbi `isur` trbispbr`idy bil abori`ss habss`ssj`it, wmof` haa`roig sunstbitobf r`wbrls.

Ahr aa`dtov` ojpf`j`itbtohi ha r`wbrls syst`j hrgbiosbtohis3

L`t`rjoi` wmh woff n` `fogonf` ahr `bdm typ` ha r`wbrl

@isur` tmbt tm` i`w syst`j mbs tm` supphrt bil hwi`rsmop bt

bff r`f`vbit f`v`fs, pbrtodufbrfy bjhig p`hpf` jbibg`rs wmh

mbv` th sp`brm`bl tm` ojpf`j`itbtohi

@stbnfosm tm` r`fobnofoty bil tm` vbfoloty ha tm` p`rahrjbid` lbtb

tmbt os gbtm`r`l th l`t`rjoi` wmh g`ts r`wbrl`l bil mhw judm

\h l`bf wotm tm` dmbff`ig`s ha ojpf`j`itoig tm` r`wbrl syst`j bttm` gfhnbf f`v`f, r`wbrls prhgrbj f`bl`rs i``l th uil`rstbil tm`loaa`r`it duftur`s bil fhdbf i``ls ha vbrohus dhuitro`s, wmof`l`sogioig prhgrbjs tmbt br` dhisost`it bdrhss tm` dhjpbiy bilprhvol` vbfu` th `jpfhy``s.

Bj`rodbi `xpr`ss us`s tm` ahffhwoig oiahrjbtohi th jbk` bl`dosohi ahr bdm jbrk`t3

@xdmbig` rbt`s/purdmbsoig phw`r pbroty

Dhst ha Fovoig Oil`x oi `bdm dhuitry

Bv`rbg` sbfbry ny dhuitry

\m` ghbf n`moil tmos os th dr bt` b pbyj`it tmbt r`af`dts tm` sbj`vbfu` th tm` `jpfhy`` gov`i dhst ha fovoig bil bv`rbg` sbfbry oitmbt dhuitry.

Hrgbiosbtohis mbv` oistotutohibfoz`l b vbro`ty ha prhgrbjs tmbtr`dhgioz`/r`wbrl ahr b vbro`ty ha r`bshis th `isur` hv`rbff bilsustboibnf` l`v`fhpj`it ha tm` hrgbiosbtohi. \m` ahffhwoig br`shj` ha tm` wbys th prhjht` n`mbvohurs tmbt jbtt`r3

Foik oid`itov`s th sbf`s bil s`rvod` p`rahrjbid` j`trods th

pr`s`rv` mogm-qubfoty dusthj`r r`fbtohismops

Ubt`its th r`v`iu` arhj pbt`it`l prhludts th isur` j`bioigauf

r`s`brdm & l`v`fhpj`it

Foik dhjp`isbtohi wotm t`bj p`rahrjbid` th lrov` dhffbnhrbtov`

n`mbvohur

\ bj p`rahrjbid` bil t`bj `xd`ff`id` br` `ss`itobf ahr

hrgbiozbtohis th grhw bil prhsp`r. \h prhjht` tm` sbj`, foikoigot wotm j`rot pby n`dhj`s ss`itobf. \ bjs stbrt hut wotm j`rot pbydrot`rob tmbt br` nbs`l =5 p`rd`it hi oilovolubf abdthrs bil >5p`rd`it hi t`bj p`rahrjbid` abdthrs. Bs b t`bj jbtur`s bilp``r supphrt bil bpprhvbf bdquor` ojphrtbid`, ot jby jhv` tmosbffhdbtohi th b 05-05 bffhdbtohi, wmodm `isur`s tmbt j`rot pbylostronutohis moig` `qubffy hi t`bj bil oilovolubf p`rahrjbid`.J`rot pby os z`rh-nbs`l, j`bioig tmbt tm` bffhdbtohi ha j`rot pbyoi hi` p`rohl os iht pr`lodbt`l hi pr`vohus bffhdbtohis. Ufbdoigj`rot pby hi t`bj bdtovoto`s m`fps `isur` prhc`dt t`bjs, prhd`sst`bjs bil tbsk ahrd`s whrk thwbrl dhjjhi ghbfs. Foikoigdhjp`isbtohi th t`bjwhrk bil smbroig `stbnfosm`s tm` prhp`roid`itov` strudtur` th lrov` bdrhss tm` t`rrothry ojprhv`j`it.

\m` r`wbrls bil r dhgiotohi hwi`rsmop/ojpf j`itbtohi pbtt`ri oitm` n`st whrkpfbd`s smhws tmbt th isur` aa`dtov` bil wol`spr`blr`bdm, hrgbiosbtohis smhufl l`d`itrbfoz` r`dhgiotohi. \m`y i``lth n` bnf` th oistotutohibfoz` prbdtod s bil r`st tm` r`sphisonofoty har`dhgiotohi wotm t`bj f`bl`rs, p``rs bil cuiohrs rbtm`r tmbi wotm blostbit butmhroty hr `ss`itobffy tm` M^ auidtohi. \m`y i``l thjhiothr ojpf`j`itbtohi th `isur` tmbt tm`r` br` ih uicustoaobnf`loaa`r`id`s oi t`bjs. \m`y i``l th l`aoi` rogmt j`trods ha`aa`dtov`i`ss bil j`bsur` bil trbdk tm`j th `isur` tmbtr`dhgiotohi mbs phsotov` ojpbdt hi p`rahrjbid`.

Bllotohibffy, ^`wbrls bil ^`dhgiotohi prbdtod`s bt n`stwhrkpfbd`s mbv` tm` ahffhwoig a`btur`s3

Bff tm` stbilbrls bil oistrudtohis ahr tm`or r`wbrls prhgrbj br`fudolfy lhduj`it`l wotm df`brfy l`aoi`l hnc`dtov`s bil`vbfubtohi pbrbj`t`rs bil punfosm`l tmrhugm oitrbi`t,lbsmnhbrl i`wsf`tt`rs, td.

=. K`y f`brioig rhj n`st whrkpfbd`s

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Ghbfs s`t, `v`i oa str`tdm ghbfs, br` r bfostod th jhtovbt` p`hpf`

th p`rahrj

Dr`btoig b Nbfbidoig Bdt - ^`wbrls br` i`otm`r thh a`w tmbt

`jpfhy``s aoil ot loaaoduft th g`t tm`j, bil m`id`, br` iht

jhtovbt`l bspor` ahr ot, ihr thh jbiy tmbt tm`y n`dhj`dhjjhipfbd` bil sthp th xdot` p`hpf` biyjhr`

L`pfhy rosk bil r`wbrl dhjp`isbtohi syst`js th lrov`

`jpfhy`` l`v`fhpj`it, t`bj smbroig, bil t`bjwhrk xd`ff`id`

L`v`fhp stbilbrloz`l qubfoty thhfs th j`bsur` drhss-auidtohibf

t`bj bil jbibg`r p`rahrjbid`

Foik drhss-auidtohibf t`bj dhjp`isbtohi th aoibidobf ghbfs

wmodm gh n`yhil tm` trblotohibf dhjputbtohi ha prhaot. \mus,

oid`itov` dhjp`isbtohi foiks br` ahrg`l wotm @dhihjod Qbfu`-Bll`l (@QB), U`hpf` Qbfu`-Bll`l (UQB) bil Dusthj`r Qbfu`-Bll`l (DQB) ghbfs.

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Hat`i wm`i w`, arhj Gr`bt Ufbd` th Whrk Oistotut`, smbr` rhnustbil aa`dtov` prbdtod`s arhj gr`bt whrkpfbd`s, shj` j`jn`rs hatm` bulo`id` t`ff us tmbt tm`or hrgbiozbtohis bfsh mbv` tm` sbj`koil ha prbdtod`s. \m`or qu`stohi os3 Wmy lhit hur `jpfhy``s(bil dhis`qu`itfy, Gr`bt Ufbd` th Whrk Oistotut`), rbt` hurhrgbiozbtohi bs b n`st whrkpfbd`8 W` bllr`ss tmos qu`stohitm`r`, bil ot os ojphrtbit tmbt w` bllr`ss ot m`r` bs w`ff.

Aorst ha bff, tm` sojofbroto`s br` l`d`ptov n`dbus` tm`y br` sojofbr btb sup`raodobf f`v`f. \m` loaa`r`id`s dhj` oi wm`i w` `xbjoi` tm`l`tbofs ha wmbt tm`y lh. \m` loaa`r`id`s lhit `il tm`r`. \m`yn`dhj` jhr` jbioa`st bs w` xbjoi` wmy tm`y lh wmbt tm`y lh,bil mhw tm`y lh ot. \m` gr`bt whrkpfbd`s lhit ojpf`j`it tm`s`prbdtod`s oi b trbisbdtohibf jbii`r. \m`y br` iht dhpyoigshj`hi` `fs` n`dbus` tm` ol`b s``js bpp`bfoig. \m`y l`sogiwmbt suots tm`or purphs` bil dordujstbid`s. \m` `itor`hrgbiozbtohi, n`goiioig wotm tm` thp f`bl`rs, smbr` b l``pdhivodtohi nbs`l hi tm`or vbfu`s bil n`fo`as tmbt tmos os tm` rogmttmoig th lh. \mos ol`hfhgodbf hr pmofhshpmodbf uil`rpoiioig prhvol`stm`j ojp`tus th ojpf`j`it tm`or p`hpf` prbdtod`s oi b m`brta`ftjbii`r bil hv`r bi `xt`il`l p`rohl ha toj`, s``koig a``lnbdk

bil tryoig th ojprhv` tm` prbdtod`s bil tm` ojpbdt ha wmbt tm`ylh. \mos dhivodtohi bfsh ojnu`s wmbt bil mhw tm`y lh ot.

Gr`bt whrkpfbd`s n`fo`v` tmbt tm`or p`hpf` prbdtod`s bilhrgbiozbtohibf duftur` smhufl n` biojbt`l ny b s`is` ha abori`ssbil `quoty r`pr`s`it`l ny lostronutov` custod`, prhd`lurbf custod`bil oit`rbdtohibf custod` (wm`tm`r tm`y sby tmos oi tm`s` whrls hriht!). Oit`ribf bil `xt`ribf dhjp`isbtohi n`idmjbrkoig bilpbroty, g`i`rhus bil `xt`isov` prhaot smbroig bil w`bftm smbroigbr` xbjpf`s ha strovoig th bdmo`v` lostronutov` custod`. hnust bilr`f`vbit p`rahrjbid` j`trods, wmodm br` roghrhusfy j`bsur`l,trbdk`l bil smbr`l sh tmbt tm` rogmt bdtohis bil n`mbvohurs, rogmtr`sufts bil dhitronutohi, bil tm`r`ahr , isur` tmbt rogmt oilovolubfsbil t`bjs br` r`wbrl`l gh`s b fhig wby th `stbnfosm prhd`lurbf

custod`. \m` dfojbt` ha bpprhvbf bil r`oiahrd j`it bil tm` m brta`fts`is` ha bppr`dobtohi bil grbtotul` `xpr`ss`l oi p`rshibfoz`ljbii`r ny f`bl`rs, jbibg`rs bil p``rs dhiv`y tm` s`is` haoit`rbdtohibf custod`.

\m` n`st whrkpfbd`s try th oitrhlud` vbro`ty (ha j`tmhls bilprhgrbjj`s) oi tm`or prbdtod`s th ibnf` tm`j th l`bf wotm loaa`r`iti``ls ha jpfhy``s bil loaa`r`it sotubtohis; tm`or prbdtod`s mbv` buioqu` afbvhur hr twost tmbt tm`or `jpfhy``s dbi ol`itoay wotm,r`shibt` wotm bil a``f prhul bnhut; tm`or prbdtod`s thudm tm`wol`st iujn`r bil dbt`ghro`s ha jpfhy``s bil br` iht r`strodt`lth b s`f`dt provof`g`l a`w; tm`or prbdtod`s br` mujbi` bil g`i`rhusdr`btoig b goat fok` a``foig bjhig tm` `jpfhy``s wmh n`i`aot arhjtm`s`; bil bnhv` bff, tm`or prbdtod`s br` oit`grbt`l wotm tm`or

hrgbiozbtohibf vbfu`s, duftur`, strbt`gy ghbfs sudm tmbt tm`y dr`bt`bi bllotov` v`dthr!

Ttulyoig vbrohus hrgbiosbtohis df`brfy smhws us tmbt tm`

ojphrtbid` ha tm` r`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohi mbs n``i w`ffuil`rsthhl ny jbiy hrgbiosbtohis bil ot g`ts tm` toj` bilbtt`itohi ot l`s`rv`s. Jhr` bil jhr` hrgbiosbtohis br` fhhkoig btthtbf r`wbrls bs tm` dhid`pt th brtodufbt` tm` `jpfhy`` xp`ro`id`tmbt dbi n` `xp`dt`l ny `jpfhy``s oi tm`or hrgbiosbtohi. Mhw`v`r,tm`r` os sdhp` th strudtur` nulg`toig bil j`bsuroig aa`dtov`i ssaurtm`r.

Wmof` tm` r`dopo`its ha tmos bwbrl mbv` smhwi us tm` wby nyjbkoig shj` sogioaodbit strol`s, tm`r` os bfwbys b sdhp` thojprhv` bil hv`rdhj` dmbff`ig`s.

\m`r` os sdhp` th aoil tm` rogmt nbfbid` n`tw``i `idhurbgoig bilr`wbrloig oilovolubf `xd`ff`id` bil `idhurbgoig bil r`wbrloigt`bj p`rahrjbid`. \m`r` os sdhp` th `isur` tmbt tm` j`bis(bdtohis bil n`mbvohurs) bil tm` `ils (l`sor`l hutdhj`s) bfwbysrui mbil oi mbil bil hi` ha tm`j os iht sbdroaod`l. \m`r` os sdhp`th r`wbrl tm` smhrt t`rj p`rahrjbid` bs w`ff bs tm` fhig t`rjdhitronutohi. \m`r` os sdhp` th n`tt`r r`dhgioz`, bppr`dobt` bilr`oiahrd bdtohis bil n`mbvohurs tmbt f`bl th tm` l`sor`l hutdhj`sbil iht cust ahdus hi r`wbrloig bil r`dhgiozoig r`sufts. \m`r` os

sdhp` th aoi` tui` loaa`r`itobtohi n`tw``i tm` hutstbiloigp`rahrj`rs bil shfol p`rahrj`rs (wmh dhistotut` b fbrg`p`rd`itbg` ha tm` `jpfhy`` phpufbtohi) sh tmbt wmof` tm`hutstbiloig p`rahrj`rs a``f mogmfy bppr`dobt`l, jhtovbt`l bilr`jboi fhybf, nufk ha tm` phpufbtohi jbl` up ha shfol p`rahrj`rslhit a``f i`gf`dt`l hr l`vbfu`l, bil tmus, g`t bfo`ibt`l.

J`bsuroig r`turi hi oiv`stj`it hi r`wbrls bil r`dhgiotohi jhr`bddurbt`fy woff m`fp hrgbiosbtohis rbtohibfoz` bil r`oiahrd` tm`i``l th r`dhgioz` bil r`wbrl. Ot woff bfsh m`fp hrgbiosbtohis thdmhhs` arhj vbro`ty ha hptohis tmbt br` bvbofbnf` ahr nhtm j`bsuroigp`rahrjbid` bil r`wbrloig. Mhw`v`r, tm` j`bsur`j`it smhufliht hv`rsmblhw tm` pmofhshpmodbf bil jhtohibf bsp`dt ha wmy thr`wbrl bil r`dhgioz`.

\h suj up, r wbrls bil r`dhgiotohi prhgrbjj`s just dhii`dt thtm` `j`rgoig i``ls bil `xp`dtbtohis ha tm` whrkahrd` bil foiktm`j wotm tm` dhjpbiys hv`rbff ghbfs bil strbt`go`s th n`sudd`ssauf. \m`r` i``ls th n` jhr` r`s`brdm hi tm` ojpbdt haloaa`r`it typ`s ha ^`wbrls bil ^`dhgiotohi Urhgrbjj`s hilov`rs` `jpfhy`` dbt`ghro`s th n` bnf` th prhvol` loaa`r`itstrhk`s th loaa`r`it ahfks, wotmhut sbdroaodoig tm` bff ojphrtbits`is` ha abori`ss bil `quoty.

?. Dhidfusohi bil Wby hrwbrl

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Bfo, ^., & Bmj`l, J. T. (>55?). \m` ojpbdt ha r`wbrl bil r`dhgiotohi prhgrbjs hi `jpfhy``s jhtovbtohi bil sbtosabdtohi3 bi `jporodbf

stuly. Oit`ribtohibf ^`vo`w ha Nusoi`ss ^`s`brdm Ubp`rs, 0(75->7?.

Bilr`w, L. U. T., & K`it, B. (>557). \m` ojpbdt ha p`rd`ov`l f`bl`rsmop n`mbvohrs hi sbtosabdtohi, dhjjotj`it, bil jhtovbtohi3 Bi

`xpbisohi ha tm` juftoloj`isohibf jhl`f ha f`bl`rsmop. Oit`ribtohibf Churibf ha Dhbdmoig Tdo`id`, 2(2), 40-01.

Nbrhi, ^. B. (2?=4). N`mbvohur oi hrgbiosbtohis. I`w _hrk3 Bffyi & Nbdhi, Oid. Btfbitb GB, PTB.

Nbrthi, G. J. (>55>). ^`dhgiotohi bt whrk. Tdhttslbf`3 Whrfl bt Whrk.

Nhbrl, F. J. (>557). Dhbdmoig b sthdkmhfl`r hi p`rahrjbid` ojprhv`j`it hptohi, BT\L Oit`ribtohibf dhia`r`id`

Nhw`i ^N. ^`dhgiozoig bil ^`wbrloig @jpfhy``s. I`w _hrk3 JdGrbw-Moff, >555.

Dbulrhi, Tmbro. Jhtovbtoig Dr`btov` @jpfhy``s Dbffs ahr I`w Ttrbt`go`s. Whrkahrd` Jbibg`j`it,

Dofjo, Bjy Ubrr, Jbibg`rs3 \m` Drotodbf Foik oi b Tudd`ssauf ^`wbrls bil ^`dhgiotohi Urhgrbj,

Dsoksz`itjombfyo, J. (2??5). Afhw3 tm` psydmhfhgy ha hptojbf `xp`ro`id`. I`w _hrk3 Mbrp`r & ^hw. ^`vo`w`l ny Tt`v` Kr`tt.

Lbio`f, \`r`sb B. C.L. bil J`tdbfa, Gbry T. Um.L. Thdo`ty ahr Mujbi ^`shurd` Jbibg`j`it, \m` Auilbj`itbfs ha @jpfhy``

^`dhgiotohi.

Lbiosm, ^ozwbi Rbos`r; Psjbi, Bfo3 Ojpbdt ha ^`wbrl bil ^`dhgiotohi hi Chn Tbtosabdtohi bil Jhtovbtohi3 Bi @jporodbf Ttuly arhj

Ubkostbi

L``prhs`, L. (2??), 2>?-224?7-55?). B jhl`f ha kihwf`lg`-smbroig jhtovbtohi, Mujbi ^`shurd` Jbibg`j`it, 55554). \r`bt p`hpf` rogmt. Tbi Arbidosdh3 Chss`y-Nbss Oid..

Jbfbihwsko Tusbi. Oiihvbtohi Oid`itov`s3 Mhw Dhjpbio`s Ahst`r Oiihvbtohi T`pt`jn`r >557.

Jhrros, J. (>5555>). \m` r`wbrls ha r`dhgiotohi. F`bl`r th F`bl`r, >55>(>4), p21-2?.

Hhstmuoz`i, \. A .C. (>552). Jhtovbtohi oiafu`idoig whrk`r p`rahrjbid` oi b t`dmiodbf lovosohi ha \`fkhj TB. Bdtb Dhjj`rdoo, 2, 2?-45.

U`rshii`f Churibf, Jby 2??551, www.rt`d.`x`dutov`nhbrl.dhj

^hnnois, T. U. (>552). Hrgbiosbtohibf N`mbvohur (?tm l.). I`w _hrk3 Ur`itod`-Mbff, Oid.

Tp`dthr, U. @. (2?=0). J`bsur`j`it ha mujbi s`rvod` stbaa sbtosabdtohi3 L`v`fhpj`it ha tm` Chn Tbtosabdtohi Turv`y, Bj`rodbi Churibf

ha Dhjjuioty Usydmhfhgy, 24, 1?4-724.

Wmot`, @roi, Urbos` arhj U``rs Gh`s b Fhig Wby, Dbr``rChuribf.dhj (>> L`d`jn`r >550).

^``r`id`s

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Dhjpbio`s

A`btur`l oi tmos r`phrt

Bj`rodbi @xpr ss Oilob Uvt. Ftl.Oilustry3 Aoibidobf T`rvod`sNusoi`ss L`sdroptohi3 Dr`lot dbrls bil \rbv`ff`rs Dm`qu`s.Oilob MR3 GurgbhiAhuil`l oi Oilob (_`br) 2?>2Hwi`rsmop Tunsolobry, Lovosohi, hr Jbchroty hwi`l ha bihtm`rDhjpbiy@jpfhy`` Ttr`igtm 120=

Bloto \ dmihfhgo`s Uvt. Ftl.Oilustry3 Oiahrjbtohi \`dmihfhgyNusoi`ss L`sdroptohi3 @it`rpros` shfutohis, Jhnof` dfo`itbppfodbtohi l`v`fhpj`it, \`st bil buthjbtohi, Tust`ibid``igoi``roig, Thatwbr` prhludt igoi``roig, Dhisuftoig, tdOilob MR3 Nbigbfhr`Ahuil`l oi Oilob (_`br)3 2??

Jusod Nrhbldbst Urovbt` Fojot`lOilustry3 J`lobNusoi`ss L`sdroptohi3 bloh NrhbldbstoigOilob MR3 JujnboAhuil`l oi Oilob (_ br)3 2???Hwi`rsmop3 Urovbt`fy M`fl

@jpfhy`` Ttr`igtm3 44557Hwi`rsmop3 Tunsolobry, Lovosohi, hr Jbchroty hwi`l ha bihtm`rDhjpbiy@jpfhy`` Ttr`igtm3 ?01

TBU Fbns Oilob Uvt. Ftl.

Oilustry3 Oiahrjbtohi \ dmihfhgyNusoi`ss L`sdroptohi3 Nusoi`ss ThfutohisOilob MR3 Nbigbfhr`Ahuil`l oi Oilob (_ br)3 2??=Hwi`rsmop3 Uunfodfy M`fl@jpfhy`` Ttr`igtm3

\UG Thatwbr Uvt. Ftl.Oilustry3 Oiahrjbtohi \`dmihfhgyNusoi`ss L`sdroptohi3 Urhludt l`v`fhpj`it, Oil`p`il`it t`stoigbil qubfoty bssurbid` s`rvod`, Urhludt Jboit`ibid` bil supphrt

Oilob MR3 ID^Hwi`rsmop3 Urovbt`fy m`flAhuil`l oi Oilob (_`br)3>55>

@jpfhy`` Ttr`igtm3 4>5

Oit`f \`dmihfhgy Oilob Uvt. Ftl.Oilustry3 Oiahrjbtohi \ dmihfhgyNusoi`ss L`sdroptohi3 Jodrh-prhd`sshrs, Dmops`ts, Jhtm`rnhbrls,

Blbpthrs- ahr L`skthps, Fbpthps, T`rv`rs & Whrkstbtohi,@jn`ll`l, bil I`twhrkoig & DhjjuiodbtohisOilob MR3 Nbigbfhr` Ahuil`l oi Oilob (_ br)3 2?==Hwi`rsmop3 Tunsolobry, Lovosohi hr Jbchroty hwi`l ha bihtm`r Dhjpbiy@jpfhy`` Ttr`igtm3 445>

Oituot \`dmihfhgo`s T`rvod`s Uvt. Ftl.

Oilustry3 Oiahrjbtohi \`dmihfhgyNusoi`ss L`sdroptohi3 Urhludts ahr p`rshibf bil sjbff nusoi`ssOilob MR3 Nbigbfhr`Ahuil`l oi Oilob (_`br)3 >550Hwi`rsmop3 Uunfodfy M`fl@jpfhy`` Ttr`igtm3 057

CJ Aoibidobf T`rvod`s Uvt. Ftl.Oilustry3 Aoibidobf T`rvod`sNusoi`ss L`sdroptohi3 Oiv`stj`it BlvoshryOilob MR3 Jujnbo

Ahuil`l oi Oilob (_`br)32??=Hwi`rsmop3 Urovbt`fy M`fl@jpfhy`` Ttr`igtm3 0=

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@l`ir`l (Oilob) Urovbt` Fojot`l>il Afhhr, Dbj`rb Mhus`,

J co l Qoff ^ l J co l

Gr`bt Ufbd` th Whrk Oistotut`, OilobPiot ih. 452, 45>, 454

B f Uf T N J