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Who are we?
XU, Qintian
General Manager, Huadian Zibo Cogeneration Co., Ltd.
A former operator, experienced in operating
6000 kW units
50 MW units
125 MW units
LI, Zheng
Professor, Dept. of Thermal Engineering, Tsinghua Uni.
Director, Tsinghua Clean Energy Research and Education Center
Doing modeling and simulation of CFB, IGCC
Development of training simulator of CFB power plant
Circulating Fluidized Bed Combustion in China
Prof. Li Zheng
Director
Tsinghua BP Clean Energy Research and Education Center
October, 2004
Comparison of energy mix of China and world in 2002
Worl d' s Pr i mary Energy Composi t i on
38%
24%
26%
6% 6%
Oi l Natural Gas CoalNucl ear Energy Hydro el ect r i c
Chi na' s Pr i mary Energy Composi t i on
24. 6%
2. 7%
66. 5%
0. 6%5. 6%
Oi l Natural Gas CoalNucl ear Energy Hydro el ect r i c
China World US
Oil 24.6 38 39.8
NG 2.7 24 25.7
Coal 66.5 26 24.3
Nuclr 0.6 6 8.1
Hydro 5.6 6 2.1
Primary Energy consumption of China in 2003
67. 10%
22. 70%
7. 40% 2. 80%
coal oi l hy+nucl NG
Summary of current energy situation
The total primary energy consumption and production were 1165 Mtoe and 1120 Mtoe in 2003, respectively
Coal is still the dominant primary energy, accounts for nearly 70% in total energy mix
Oil import more than 100 Mt, energy security worry
The per capita energy consumption is only half of the world average level
The total power capacity by the end of 2003: 385 GW
Significantly increasing of energy consumption, especially oil, in recent years due to
- the faster growth of heavy industries - upgrade of consumption structure - urbanization
Projection of future energy demand
The total energy demand in 2020 will range 1750-2310 Mtoe in terms of different scenarios
Coal: 2100~2900Mt
Oil: 400~500Mt
Natural gas : 160~200 b m3
Power generation capacity: 860-950 GW
In 2050 the total energy demand will be beyond 3500 Mtoe
Energy challenges China is facing in the future
1.The energy security The per capita energy reserves of China are very low, especially for the oil and natural gas
Oil will reach the peak production around 180Mt in 2020, after then the production will decrease
60% oil and 40% natural gas in 2020 will depend on import
100Mt coal production new capacity will be set-up before 2020
Energy challenges China is facing in the future
2. Energy efficiency improvement The energy consumption intensity of GDP of China in
2000 was 829toe/million $US, 3.15 times of world average level and 4.33 times of OECD average, attributed to 42% industrial proportion in GDP and low value added for most products, and low energy efficiency.
The specific energy consumption for most energy intensive products are as 20-50% higher than that of the industrial countries.
Energy challenges China is facing in the future
3. Environmental impact of energy pollutant The SO2 and NOx pollutant could be 40Mt and 35Mt a
nd exceed 16Mt and 19Mt of the pollutant limits, respectively, in 2020 if no additional control measures will be taken
China is the second largest CO2 emission country, it would increase in the future
China Power Industry
Year Capacity Power Generation GW TWh 1949 1.85 1980 65.86 300.6 1990 137.9 621.3 1995 217 1996 236 1997 254 1998 277 1999 294 2000 319 1346.6 2001 338.6 1483.9 2002 357 1620.0
2003 385 1901.0
Installed power capacity by primary energy (total 356 GW at the end of 2002)
核电0. 04亿千瓦
1. 1%
火电2. 66万千瓦
74. 7%
水电0. 86万千瓦
24. 2%
Coal fired266GW
Nuclear0.4GW
Hydroel86GW
Total installed capacity: 356GW
2002 年底全国火电机组分类结构Installed capacity by unit scale (2002)
30万千瓦及以上46%
20-30万千瓦17%
10-20万千瓦16%
10万千瓦以下21%
>300 MW, 46%
<100 MW, 21%
100-200MW, 16%
200-300MW, 17%
The Fast Increase Of Energy Consumption In Recent Years
GDP Growth
1995-2002 8.9%
2002-2003 9.1%
Primary energy consumption
1995-2002 1.7%
2002-2003 13.4%
Electricity consumption
1995-2002 7.3%
2002-2003 14.3%
The Fast Increase Of Energy Consumption In Recent Years
The energy consumption elasticity of GDP
1995-2002 0.2
2002-2003 1.47
The electricity consumption elasticity of GDP
1995-2002 0.82
2002-2003 1.57
Severe shortage of electricity supply
Electricity shortage occurrence in 24 province grids
Unbalanced supply and demand in 35GW of power
generation capacity
The measures addressing electric shortage
Accelerate installation of new power stations by 2.5-3.3 GW annually
Increase coal mining capacity
Close down some factories manufacturing high energy intensive products
Promote construction of new grids and upgrading old grids
Vision of coal utilization in China
CFB development in China—Domestic technologies
1980-1990: first R&D 50 units of 35-75T/h , learning CFB process
1991-2000 develop the CFB theory and design code , 200 units of 75-130T/h CFB successfully installed
2000-2004 developing 400-670T/h demonstration, disseminating 75-220T/h widely; CFB also the first choice for waste incinerator
2004- feasibility study supercritical CFB
Characteristics: not so sensitive with coal type and fuel size
Good experience on erosion protection
Less experience on sulfur capture engineering
CFB development in China—import technologies
1992 Harbin Boiler as sub-contractor of Alhstrom to manufacture 220t/h CFB
1996 Neijiang imported 400t/ h CFB from Alhstrom
1996 Dongfang Boiler purchased 220t/h-400t/h CFB technology from Foster Wheeler
2001 Harbin Boiler purchased 100-150MWe CFB technology from EVT
2002 Shanghai purchased 100-150MW CFB technology from ABB-CE
2003 NDRC organized technology transfer of 300 MWe CFB from Alstom
Comments: good experience on boiler island engineering, lack of experience on hard coal, ( erosion, ash cooling, burnout o
f carbon)
Market of CFB in China
75-220T/h- More than 400 units in operation, more than 200 units is reserved
440T/h – 20 units is in operation, more than 150 units are reserved
670T/h – 2 units are reserved
900T/h – 15 units are reserved
Supercritical CFB in feasibility stage
A brief introduction to Huadian Zibo Cogeneration Company, Ltd.
Xu Qintian
General Manager
Huadian Zibo Cogeneration Co. Ltd.
Oct. 26, 2004
Indiana, PA, US
History and present installed capacity
Built in 1952
1969, 160MW, closed on 1999
1996, 290MW (+2x65MW)
2003, 2x135MW CFB units
Present: 447MW (4 units: 2x135+2x88.5)
Organization Chart
General manager
Deputy managers, Chief engineer
boiler
administration
turbine I & C chemical fuel electric Heat service
Logistics & community
operation
Statistical Data
Total employee: 1095 240 operators, 4 shifts
6 workshops & 1 heating service company Boiler, turbine, electric, control, chemical plant, fuel
Heating service company: industrial + residence
Logistics and community Hotel, food service, hospital, estate management
and community management, etc
New CFB units in Zibo Cogeneration Co., Ltd.
#3 CFB unit
Central control room
Overview of power plant
Parameters of the 2x135 MW reheat CFB boiler
过热蒸汽流量 live steam flow rate: 465t/h 过热蒸汽出口压力 13.7MPa
过热蒸汽温度 live steam temp.: 540 ℃ 给水温度 244℃
再热蒸汽流量 reheat steam flow: 411t/h 再热蒸汽进口压力 4.06Mpa
再热蒸汽温度 reheat steam temp.: 540℃ 再热蒸汽进口温度 373.8℃
设计燃用淄博贫煤 收到基灰份 Aar 36.08%,干燥无灰基挥发份 Vdaf 14.77% ,收到基 低位发热量 Qnet.ar 18650 kJ/kg。
煤种粒径要求:最大允许粒径≤ 7mm, d50=0.6mm, d<200um不大于 25%。
锅炉宽度 boiler width: 13880mm 炉膛深度 boiler depth: 7220mm
尾部烟道宽度 2nd column width: 11930mm 尾部烟道深度 2nd column depth: 5800mm
汽包中心线标高 drum elevation 49360mm 锅炉最高点标高 maximum elevation: 55000mm
Manufactured by Harbin Boiler Company, Ltd.
Some parts of the CFB boiler
Boiler master control diagram
Ash cooling systems
Flue gas system
Training simulation center
Problems encountered in operation
Unstable coal supplies Have to use different coals from time to time
Erosion Mainly in the conjunction part of refractory and wat
er wall
Protection shield and coating helps a lot
Blocking of ash removing system Mainly related with burning of high ash content coal
High carbon content in flyash
Breakdown of refractory
Thoughts of cooperation in CFB field
To set up a platform to enhance China-US communication and cooperation in industrial level on CFB field
Three layers of possible cooperation Communication: contacts, personnel visits &
exchange, …, to help understand culture, general energy situation, structure of industry and running manner
Experience exchange in CFB operation, maintenance, equipment procurement,…
Future business development in both countries
END
It is our sincere hope to set up good connections with ARRIPA and all associated plants.
Welcome to Zibo!