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Who is your closest relative? What is different / What is the same … sponge vs. jellyfish ? sponge vs. tunicate ? tunicate vs. honey badger ?
Who is your closest relative?
What is different / What is the same … sponge vs. jellyfish ?sponge vs. tunicate ?tunicate vs. honey badger ?
Who is your closest relative?
sponges cnidarians flatworms mollusks annelids nematodes arthropods echinoderms chordates
Are any of these chordates?
sponges cnidarians flatworms mollusks annelids nematodes arthropods echinoderms chordates
Are any of these chordates?
sponges cnidarians flatworms mollusks annelids nematodes arthropods echinoderms chordates
Sea anemone Sea urchin Sea cucumber
Sea squirt
Are any of these chordates?
sponges cnidarians flatworms mollusks annelids nematodes arthropods echinoderms chordates
Sea anemone (polyp)
Sea urchin Sea cucumber
Sea squirt(adult)
Sea squirt(larva)
radial2 germ layers Bilateral
3 germ layers
protostomes dueterostomes
(spiny skin, radial symmetry, mouth develops second)
Same phylum as:
At some time in their life history, a chordate has 4 characteristics:Chordates
1. ______________________
Becomes gills in fish (and some amphibians); becomes auditory tubes and tonsils and thymus and parathyroid gland in terrestrial vertebrates.
3. ______________________
Supporting rod along the back;becomes vertebrate column in vertebrates
2. ______________________
Tubular and filled with fluid; in vertebrates it is called the spinal cord because it is protected by vertebrae (spine).
4. ______________________
At some time in their life history, a chordate has 4 characteristics:Chordates
1. pharyngeal pouches
Becomes gills in fish (and some amphibians); becomes auditory tubes and tonsils and thymus and parathyroid gland in terrestrial vertebrates.
3. Notocord
Supporting rod along the back;becomes vertebrate column in vertebrates
2. dorsal tubular nerve cord
Tubular and filled with fluid; in vertebrates it is called the spinal cord because it is protected by vertebrae (spine).
4. postanal tail
ancestral chordate
tunicates lancelets
jawless fishes(hagfish &lampreys)
cartilaginous
fishes
bony
fishes mammalsreptiles
& birdsamphibianslobe-finned
fishes
Chordates
ancestral chordate
jawless fishescartilaginous
fishes
bony
fishes mammalsreptiles
& birdsamphibianslobe-finned
fishes
Chordates
Sea squirt(larva)
Sea squirt(adult)
tunicates lancelets
ancestral chordate
tunicates lancelets jawless fishescartilaginous
fishes
bony
fishes mammals
mammary glands
(and hair)
amniotic egglungs
limbsbony skeletonjaws
vertebrae
reptiles
& birdsamphibianslobe-finned
fishes
Chordates
ancestral chordate
tunicates lancelets jawless fishescartilaginous
fishes
bony
fishes
Vertebrates
Tetrapods
mammals
mammary glands (& hair)
amniotic egg
lungs
limbs
bony skeleton
jaws
vertebrae
reptiles
& birdsamphibianslobe-finned
fishes
Chordates
ancestral chordate
tunicates lancelets jawless fishescartilaginous
fishes
bony
fishes
Vertebrates
Tetrapods
mammals
mammary glands (& hair)
amniotic egg
lungs
limbs
bony skeleton
jaws
vertebrae
reptiles
& birdsamphibianslobe-finned
fishes
Chordates What’s so great about a jaw ?
ancestral chordate
tunicates lancelets jawless fishescartilaginous
fishes
bony
fishes
Vertebrates
Tetrapods
mammals
mammary glands (& hair)
amniotic egg
lungs
limbs
bony skeleton
jaws
vertebrae
reptiles
& birdsamphibianslobe-finned
fishes
Chordates What’s so great about lungs ?
ancestral chordate
tunicates lancelets jawless fishescartilaginous
fishes
bony
fishes
Vertebrates
Tetrapods
mammals
mammary glands (& hair)
amniotic egg
lungs
limbs
bony skeleton
jaws
vertebrae
reptiles
& birdsamphibianslobe-finned
fishes
Chordates What’s so great about limbs ?
pelvis
femur
shoulder
humerusulna
radius
Ancestral amphibian
shoulder
radiusulna
humerus
Lobe-finned fish
pelvis
tibia-fibula
fibula
lobed fins
femur
jointed limbs
tibia
Fins to limbs
ancestral chordate
tunicates lancelets jawless fishescartilaginous
fishes
bony
fishes
Vertebrates
Tetrapods
mammals
mammary glands (& hair)
amniotic egg
lungs
limbs
bony skeleton
jaws
vertebrae
reptiles
& birdsamphibianslobe-finned
fishes
Chordates What’s so great about an amniotic egg ?
The amniotic egg:the greatest invention a mother ever made … (until breast milk)
embryo
amnion
leatheryshell
chorion
allantois
yolk sac
ancestral chordate
tunicates lancelets jawless fishescartilaginous
fishes
bony
fishes
Vertebrates
Tetrapods
mammals
mammary glands (& hair)
amniotic egg
lungs
limbs
bony skeleton
jaws
vertebrae
reptiles
& birdsamphibianslobe-finned
fishes
Chordates What’s so great about mammary glands ?
ancestral chordate
tunicates lancelets jawless fishescartilaginous
fishes
bony
fishes
Vertebrates
Tetrapods
mammals
mammary glands (& hair)
amniotic egg
lungs
limbs
bony skeleton
jaws
vertebrae
reptiles
& birdsamphibianslobe-finned
fishes
Chordates What’s so great about a hair ?
So…who is your closest relative, and
what traits do you share with them?
What is different / What is the same … sponge vs. jellyfish ?sponge vs. tunicate ?tunicate vs. honey badger ?
Why do sponges and adult tunicates have similar shapes? Is this an analogous or homologous trait?
