WildsV2.Nc

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C1Edible Native Plants and Weeds - F. Ritchie

Edible Wild Plants and Weeds

Auto Index To Volume 2

CoverTitle PageForewordPrefaceTable of ContentsIntroductionWarnings

Key To Plant InformationBotanical Names.Seed Life, Viability.Collecting SeedsGrowth CycleWhen to Plant SeedsSeed DepthStarting Mix

Containers for Starting SeedsTemperature to Germinate:Bottom HeatGermination TimeLightGrowing TemperaturepH RangeTransplantingThe Second TransplantingPrevious Preparation for

Transplanting OutdoorsTransplanting OutdoorsTime to PlantFertilizer Sources and Mineral

Availability

Fertilizer Sources, Wood Ash,Mineral and Trace Mineral Proportions

C2 Edible Native Plants and Weeds - F. Ritchie

Epsom Salts and DolomiteMineral AvailabilityCompost Pile AdditionsKeeping the Bugs

DownOther Means of PropagatingMiscellaneous Seed NotesCompost Pile AdditionSoil SterilizationClimate ZonesZone MapFertilizer

Extending the Growing Season:Cloches, Wall-O-Water(R), Remay (R), PlantProtection.

Watering: Growth and Damping OffInhibitors.

Warnings

Seed and Plant Catalog Sources.

Sources Listed by Plant Names

Bibliography.

Acknowledgments

Disclaimer

Return To Main Index
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C3Edible Native Plants and Weeds - F. Ritchie C4 Edible Native Plants and Weeds - F. Ritchie

Handbook of

Edible Wild

Plantsand WeedsVolume 2Reference

Reference Guide To

Available EdibleNative Plants For

Adventure

Camping andEmergency Needs

Fern J. RitchieFern J. RitchieFern J. RitchieFern J. Ritchie

Book Two. The Incredible Edibles Series

Ritchie Unlimited PublicationsSpringfield, Oregon


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Copyright 1999, by Fern J. Ritchie,

No reproduction permitted without writtenpermission, except for brief excerptsfor review purposes.

We assume no responsibility for uses madeof the contained information. If you are successful,

you have made the best use for theintended purpose of the book.

Congratulations.

ISBN: 0-939656-27-2

CD Edition: 0-939656-51-5

Library of Congress Card Number:

99-64725

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2

Written, typeset, printed, and bound inSpringfield, Oregon


Foreword

In times of strife, economic or disaster, theneed for food doesnt diminish, but the usualsources may not be available. You may learn aboutthe food sources that surround us, and they presentnew possibilities for your eating pleasure. Somewild edibles are nutritious to some degree, whileothers are highly nutritious. If you are really hungry,

either way, they will put something in your stomach.A person need not go hungry under these

circumstances if there is a willingness to learnbefore-hand. The American public has so allied itselfwith instant food, sprayed vegetables, out of seasonand commercial sources, it no longer knows thepleasure of the simple things of life. Take awayinstant and out of season foods, and will they knowhow to take care of themselves and their families?

When camping, most people take all theconveniences with them as if the wilderness wasanother planet. Lost in the woods, the edible thingsabout them have no meaning. Its time to wake up tothe natural possibilities available. Some people ofthe 60's went back to simple ways of eating. The

need is closer than you think.One main purpose for the Incredible EdibleSeries is that whatever situation you find yourself,there is always food available. How else did theNative Americans survive? It's always good to knowwhat is edible in an emergency, for refreshment on ahike, a camping trip, or just as a new experience.

This is the second book in the IncredibleEdible Series. In an effort to provide a more useful


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book, Edible Native Plants and Weedshas beendivided into two volumes. The Handbookis the partthat one would likely want in the field for referenceabout edible plants. A minimum of additional

material is provided with it.The second volume, is more necessary for

study, but it would not help much in the field. Itcontains the references, details on propagation andgrowing, plant sources, bibliography, and materialsthat complete the picture.


Preface

This second book of the Series is a departurefrom growing edibles in the garden. It is divided intotwo volumes for utility, as mentioned earlier. Thefirst volume names the edible native, escaped, orwild plants, their environment and available growinginformation.The second volume contains sources of seeds andplants, credits, and references. It includes wildedible plants that may grow on your country propertyor in the wild, perhaps something the wind or thebirds have dropped nearby.

The third book is on fruits, seeds, etc.,

available, but not necessarily known to you as food.The last of the series is on edible herbs.

This book names the so-called wild plants orweeds, naturalized plants, and escaped plants thathave edible parts. It also warns about the parts towhich the human system reacts unfavorably, or thatare downright poisonous.

Nursery catalogs have been very helpful. Allthe information has been gathered from manysources and compared. Not all sources agree. Themajority rules in this case, or alternatives are givenfrom which to choose.

The plants with the most information are

those that frequent the vegetable, herb, ordecorative garden. The wild and naturalized plants


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However, we cannot assume responsibility or liabilityfor any effect which may result from using thisinformation.

Along with many other sources, we advise

first trying small amounts of any plant new to you.And dont be like the man who fed wild

mushrooms to his cat; no effect, so he ate them anddied. The next day the cat died.

If this book triggers some academic study,thats great.


DEDICATED TO

Ralph: A gift for 50 happy years.


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Table of ContentsFor The Printed Edition

ForewordPrefaceDedication

Volume 1Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Key To Plant Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Edible Plants Directory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A1

Volume 2.Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Key To Plant Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Botanical Names. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Seed Life, Viability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Collecting Seeds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Growth Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8When to Plant Seeds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Seed Depth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Starting Mix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Containers for Starting Seeds . . . . . . . . . 12Temperature to Germinate: Bottom

Heat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Germination Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Growing Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15pH Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Transplanting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17The Second Transplanting . . . . . . . . . . . . 18


Previous Preparation for TransplantingOutdoors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Transplanting Outdoors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Time to Plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Fertilizer Sources and MineralAvailability Fertilizer Sources,Wood Ash,Mineral and Trace Mineral

ProportionsEpsom Salts and DolomiteMineral Availability

Compost Pile AdditionsKeeping the Bugs Down . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Other Means of Propagating . . . . . . . . . . 21Miscellaneous Seed Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Compost Pile Addition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Soil Sterilization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Climate Zones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Zone Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Fertilizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Extending the Growing Season:

Cloches, Wall-O-Water (R), Remay(R), Plant Protection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Watering: Growth and Damping OffInhibitors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Seed and Plant Catalog Sources. . . . . . 37

Sources Listed by Plant Names . . . . . . 45

Bibliography. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Disclaimer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71


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well into the garden. Grow them from seed. Do notdig up the plants. Leave plenty for nature topropagate.

If you are planting wild seed, plant tiny seed

on the surface of the soil in the flat. Water alwaysfrom the bottom so the seed isnt disturbed. Coverthe container with glass or plastic. After germination,place the container under lights or indirect light.

Where plant information, zones etc. arementioned, the parenthesis encloses the mostfavored range. Those numbers outside theparenthesis indicate the high and low range limits

that occur in plant literature. Further explanation ofthe page layout is found just before the plant listings.

Since most planting is done in the spring, Fallis shown in bold face.


WarningSome edible plants have unpleasant or

poisonous properties. Survival authorities warn notto eat hairy, sticker-y, prickly, or milk-containing

plants unless you know them as edible. Mostinformation on the subject comes from militarymanuals .

To select unidentified plants in anemergency:

1. They must not be slimy or old.

2. When crushed they must not smell of

almonds or peaches.

3. White berries are rarely edible, redberries you dont recognize are sometimesinedible.

4. Do not eat spines or stickers.

5. Do not eat if when raw or cooked itirritates the skin, especially the mouth.

6. Cook plants when in doubt. Put someof it on the lips for 5 minutes, and if all iswell, and it tastes all right chew it. If thetaste continues to be the same, eat a little

bit. Eat small amounts of any unknownplant and wait 5 hours to be sure of itsedibility.

7. Do not eat seeds that have becomeblack.

8. Avoid eating soapy tasting, dark sap.

Note: Sap or resin from trees is edible. Sapdissolves in water: resin does not.


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Literature warns not to eat of plants thatresemble carrots, parsnips, beans orcucumbers.

Note: The character, including color, of aplant may differ from a domesticated one dependingon the soil pH and condition, the dryness or wetnessof the air and soil, the amount of wind or heat andwhen it comes, and the soils mineral content.Knowing these differences can help determine whatplants are edible.


Key To Plant Information

Directory reference number of this plant, contains a sub letter. 8c.

Amaranth, New MexicoPlant Name- (Botanical Name) phonetic pronunciation.

(Amaranthus hypochondriachus)Illustration here, if available Mexican, Southwest

native.Seed Viability:4-5 years.

Tender Annual.

Planting Depth: 1/8". (Light colored)

1/4" (most seed)Germination:2 days.Soil Temperature:60*-75*+F..

Soil pH:6.0-7.5.

low value (consensus range) highest valueis the format used toindicate what the experts say about some variable.

The seed may be soaked12 hours.Preliminary preparation for growing or transplanting, if appropriate, isshown here.[ ] or italics are used to denote authors experience.

Outdoor SowingIn the spring or if you have summer rains,

broad-cast the seed and rake it. Thin the seedlingsto 10-15 inches apart.

Growing RequirementsThis Arizona native is easy to grow in a warm

area.Details of growing, various zone requirements, special feeding,Authors comments.

Using Amaranth

This is a grain amaranth. The Mexicans useonly the light colored seeds as a grain. The black


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seeds are edible. The seeds may be sprouted up to1/4" long and used for salads. Sprouting could take11 days. It is ground into flour for baking.Try mixingamaranth with scrambled eggs. Young plants are

eaten as greens.

This layout is used throughout the Series.


Botanical Names

Botanical names help one to identify orpurchase exactly what is wanted. There is not much

need for the botanical name for the usualvegetables of the garden, but it does help torecognize families and to see how much theyresemble each other, and have about the sameneeds. Native or wild and escape plants may be ofthe same family and one be poisonous while theother has edible parts. By knowing the botanicalname of an edible plant, it can be tracked down.

Wild plants are more and more available inthe seed catalogs. Without the botanical name youwont know for sure if you are purchasing the ediblevariety. Check the seed packet or plant tag for thespecific name and botanical name to be sure ofwhat you are getting. Watch out for incorrecttagging. It does happen. Rely more on what the

catalogs say than the clerks at most nurseries. Thebest nurseries do have at least one knowledgeableclerk.

Seed Life

Seed viability depends upon nature, and howthe seed is stored. Most catalogs do not give the

viability of native, wild, or escaped plants. Most ofthem have a longer life than vegetable seeds. Anabundance of seed makes up for any shortness oflife. Most native seed remains in the soil ready togerminate as soon as we turn up the soil.

Park Seed has foil packets. Stokes has veryheavy paper. Both keep very well. Seed kept storedin a quart canning jar or vacuum sealed packet alsokeep well. Southern Exposure Seed Exchange sells


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For a fuller explanation, check in apropagation manual.

Miscellaneous Seed NotesSprouting:

To speed sprouting: Soak hard-coat seeds inwarm water for 24-48 hours in a small, wide-mouthed thermos.

Soil Temperatures: Cool soil is 50*-60*F.. Warm soil

is 65*-80*F..

Most crops prefer 68*-84*F. to germinate.

Cover seed 3 x its size.

Clean pots: 1 part bleach/9 parts water.

Compost Pile Additions

Bone meal 2# per 100 sq. ft. per year in garden. Addburnt bones to compost. I scatter the ash that hasthe burnt bones where I'm going to plant thebrassica.

Seaweed, pondweed, white and yellow lily, reedgrass, cattails, papyrus, pickerelweed, arrowhead,water hyacinth are all good to add to the compostpile.

Compost has about a 6.5 pH, 7.0 being neutral. Onebushel basket equals 1 1/2 cu. ft or about 46 lbs. ofcompost. It should cover 4 1/2 sq. ft. 3" deep.


1 cu. yd. of compost equals 1000 # or 21 1/2bushels. It should cover 100 sq. ft. 3" deep.

Sawdust: Cedar sawdust won't harm vegetables.

Walnut sawdust needs one year to break down thejuglone which is harmful.

General Rule: 30 lbs of limestone to 1000 sq. ft. willincrease the pH by one unit.Root crops 1/4-1/2" deep.

Frost-tender plants must mature at least 2 weeks

before frost.

Night temperatures 5-10* lower than day 55-65*F.night 70-75*F. day

Try spraying powdery mildew with baking soda andoil in water as soon as it appears. Researchers havehad good results according to Gardens Alive.

Aphid Spray. Organic Gardening ad pamphlet.Put in a blender 1 small onion, 1 garlic bulb, 1 tbspcayenne pepper, 1 Qt water. Let steep and add 1tbsp liquid soap (not detergent). It will keep oneweek in the refrigerator.

Drying seeds: Seeds kept at home 32*-41*F. usuallykeep well. Moisture kills more seed than higher heat.

Sterilization

Rodale: Pour boiling water slowly through

soil. One gal. of boiling water is sufficient for astandard sized flat. OR, 1 cup of 5% white vinegar


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potash no lime.Currants: There are two kinds. One is the

dried fruit of small grapes (Vitis vinifera) exportedfrom the Mediterranean region. The other is the red,

black, or white berry (Ribes sp.) grown in Americangardens.

Climate Zones

Zones are not just those indications of lowesttemperatures on a map of the United States orthose more detailed for the Western States in

Sunset Western Garden Book. The topography ofthe land gives us different zones, so does theplacement of the chimney or the outside heatingunit. With the advent of plastic we create zones, sothat, Alaska can grow corn and I can grow eggplant,okra and artichokes in Mohawk Valley.

USDA Hardiness Zones

Zone Average Annual Number Minimum Temperature

1 below -50* F. 2 -50* to -40* 3 -40* to -30*

4 -30* to -20* 5 -20* to -10* 6 -10* to 0* 7 0* to 10* 8 10* to 20* 9 20* to 30* 10 30* to 40* 11 above 40*



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Fertilizer

These are recommended fertilizer strengthsfor various plants and fertilizer ingredients.

Asparagus: 17-16-28.Blood Meal: 6-0-0.Bone Meal: 3-7-0.

Corn: 23-34-11.Fish Fertilizer: 5-2-2.Plant Food for crops: 15-30-15.Potato: 15-15-15.Raspberries: 20-21-20.Strawberry: 10-52-17.Tomato: 5-6-5, 3-5-6, Magnesiumenriched- 18-18-21, 8-24-8.

Epsom Salts in water whenlower

leaves of the tomato start toshow

yellow from Magnesiumdeficiency.

Rabbit Manure:The three values usually given for rabbitdroppings are probably for just the droppings. It'sthe only constant they have, but it is only part of thestory. When you raise rabbits they are fed alfalfaand rabbit food, and they drop much of it. Thecombination of droppings plus alfalfa plus thedropped food is perfect for vegetables.

The watering system for any animals leaks,sooner or later. This combination begins to sour.


Red worms are added. They eat the dropping, feed,water combination and leave worm castings whichare more perfect for feeding vegetables. The wormsmove into the rabbitry during the winter and out of it

during the summer, so; you have them when theyare needed the most.Grown in worm castings, the result is that

cabbages are huge, strawberries are the best,onions are so large and good that the gophers willeat all of the underside, Anaheim chilies are big,collards grow large and tender and avocados growto two pounds (Nabal and Anaheim) and couldn't be

better.

Epsom Salts

Magnesium is critical for the production ofchlorophyll in fruit and nut trees. It improves theuptake of potassium and phosphorus in any plant.When the soil pH is above 7.0 and is high in

potassium and calcium (Pacific Northwest and theSoutheast), it is generally low in magnesium.

Epsom Salts, as a spray (1 Tbsp. salts to 1gal of water), becomes available more quickly thandolomite. Dolomite is dug in for a long time solution.The use of both assures the plant uptake ofmagnesium as well as calcium and potassium, andbetter growth. It can also be used directly on the soil

around the base of a plant at the rate of 1 Tbsp .perplant.

Wood Ash

Hard woods produce the most ash andnutrients. I have always included it as part of thecalcium, potassium, phosphorus and magnesiumfertilizer in my Pacific Northwest vegetable garden


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We use plastic pipe on each side fastening itwith clips and pin it down with the wire that hasalready been mentioned. Water will go through it,though you have to be sure that it doesn't just run

down the sides. The first time we tried Reemay wehad 2", 4", and 6" wide construction lumber ofvarying lengths, none less than two feet long andsome 6"-8" long holding it down. There was 50' ofcloth. One morning we went out to find the wind hadremoved all but 6' of it which was held down on asnagged 2"x 6"x 6'. The 44' ended somewhere upthe valley. Let it be a lesson to you. It wraps easily

around a bush.

If you need to keep plants there are all kindsof props. If it is needed in a big way there is a "sunscreen" paint, Kool Ray, for the greenhouse plasticroof ,or shade screen over hoops. To give you areference, our whole sculpture display garden in N.San Diego County was under 80% screen. In

Oregon 50% shade screen is used. 80% keeps thewarmth in so plants grow like mad.I haven't tried infrared Transmitting Mulch, so; I can'tspeak about it. I haven't tried foil under plants toreflect more light, but I believe it would have the rainpuddle problem.

Watering

A drip system under black plastic is ideal inthat it warms the water. Our water comes out of thewell at 50*F., and that is a little cool for many plants.There are two reasons why plants grow lush in thetropics, rain and warmed water. We intend to put a

tank in the line that is heated by the sun. That willboost the temperature where the plants have no


"mulch". Of coarse mulching the "old fashion way"will help keep the plants warmer at night, and keepthe moisture in.

Growth InhibitorsBeach leaves exposed in winter (None in fresh.)

Eucalyptus

Eighty five degrees F. Is the limit for seeds togerminate.

Garlic Water, it is reported, stops damping off

Maple Leaves (Roger Swain said that these inhibitthe Cole Family growth.)

More detailed informationaboutpropagation can be found in Book 1 of this Series,Growing Vegetables From Seed- Successfully.


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Warnings

Don't count on a clerk or the computer printer

to write on your bill exactly what you havepurchased. One plant may need to be cut all theway to the ground in the fall while another varietymay need to be cut part way down.

If you find a discrepancy between theinformation you have and this book, ask thefollowing questions before deciding which you wishto follow:

Check the writer's altitude, hardiness zone,soil pH, water pH. Very few articles and books havethis information, so; how can you judge properly? Myfriend tries something, and if it doesn't work shedoesn't try it again. I want to know why it doesn'twork and do something to insure success. That'show this book got started. I have brought togetherevery bit of information needed to grow edible plants

successfully.I tried growing bachelor buttons the first year

we were in Oregon. The few that came up grew toabout six inches and put out one flower. Bachelorbuttons grow wild here. When a native doesn't growunder your conditions, you start looking for the why.The seed packet was of no help.

In Southern California coriander didn't getmore than a spindly eight inches tall before it boltedand went to seed. Nothing on the seed packet toldme why. In Oregon it re-seeds itself several times ayear, the plants getting at least to three feet, and Ican have cilantro (the leaf part) all year round. Itneeds the shade under the larger plants to keep itcool and plenty of water, but that is under these

conditions. In Southern California one probablywould have to resort to an ice pack every day. To


get the lilac to bloom, I emptied all the ice fromfreezer and refrigerator and put it under the lilac. Itneeded the cold at least once a year.

So, what has this to do with an article from

"Weedpatch", USA, that seems to have all theanswers for you? If you don't have the sameconditions, it may not have all the right answers foryou.


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Bibliography

Books:

C. Frank Brockman. Artist: Rebecca Merrilees, AGuide To Field Identification, Trees of NorthAmerica, Revised Edition, Golden Press, 1986, N.Y.

William G. Loy, Director, Atlas of Oregon 2nd

Edition,U. of Oregon, Academic Book Center, Inc.,1976,5345 N. E. Sandy Blvd., Portland, OR 97213.

Jack Kramer, Cacti and Other Succulents,HarryN. Abrams, Inc., 1977, New York.

Tom Watts, California Tree Finder, Nature StudyGuild, 1963, P.O. Box 972, Berkeley, California.

Jean Auel, Clan of the Cave Bear,Bantam Books,Inc., 1980, 666 5th Avenue, New York, NY 10103.

Stephen Facciola, Cornucopia a Source Book ofEdible Plants,Kampong Publications, 1990, 1870Sunrise Dr., Vista, CA 92084. *****

Edward K. Balls, Early Uses of California Plants,1962, University of California Press, Third Printing1970 Berkeley & Los Angeles, California.


Barbara Joe Hoshizaki, Fern Growers Manual,Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., 1983, New York.

Bee Beyer, Food Drying at Home The NaturalWay, J.P. Tarcher, Inc., 1976, 9110 Sunset Blvd.,Los Angeles, CA 90069. ****

Claire Shaver Houghton, Green Immigrants,Harcourt Brace Javanovich, Inc. 1978, New York.****

Pam North, Guide for Cooking with Flowers,Paradise Farms, Box 436, Summerland, CA 93067.

Adelma G. Simmons, Herb Gardening in FiveSeasons, D. Van Nostrand Company, Inc., 1964,120 Alexander St., Princeton, New Jersey.

Sampson Low, Herb Growing a Visual Guide,Diagram Visual Information Ltd. 1978, England orCanada.

Ingrid Gabriel, Herb Identifier and Handbook,Sterling Publishing Co., Inc., 387 Park Ave. South,New York City, NY 10016. ****

Ann Reilly and Editors, Herbs, Garden WayPublishing, 1990, Doubleday Book & Music Clubs,Inc..

L.H. Bailey, Hortus Third,Horitorium, CornellUniversity, Macmillan. 1976. ***** Listed only bybotanical names.


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James Talmage Stevens, Making the Best ofBasics, Peton Corp., 1974, P.O. Box 11925, SaltLake City, Utah 84111. *****

George S. Brady and Henry R. Clauser, MaterialsHandbook, Eleventh Edition McGraw-Hill BookCo., 1977, 1221 Avenue of the Americas, New York,NY 10020.

_____Outdoor Survival Skills, Third Edition,Brigham Young University Press, 1970, Provo, Utah84601.

Robert L. Stebbins and Michael MacCaskey,Pruning, How To Guide for Gardeners,HP Books,Inc., P.O. 1983, Box 5367, Tucson, AZ 85703. ****

Lesley Bremness, Herbs,Contributing Editor, RDHome Handbook, Dorling Kindersley Limited,London, Lesley Bremnus & Dorling Kindersley Text

Copyright, The Readers Digest Assoc., Inc., 1990,Pleasantville, New York.

Patricia S. Michalak, Rodale's Successful OrganicGardening Herbs,Rodale Press, Inc., 1993,Emmaus, PA 18049.

John Wiseman, SAS Survival Guide,(Collins Gem)

Harper Collins Publishers, 1993, P O Box, GlasgowG4 ONB.

Marc Rogers, Saving Seed,StoreyCommunications, Inc., 1990.

Edwin A. Menninger, Seaside Plants of The World,Hearthside Press Inc., 1964, 445 Northern Blvd.,Great Neck, New York City, NY 11021. ****


Bradford Angier, Skills for Taming the Wilds,Stackpole Books, 1967, Cameron & Kelker Streets,Harrisburg, Pa. 17105.

Gene Logsdon,Small-Scale Grain Raising, RodalePress, Inc., 1977, Emmaus, Pa.

Dick Pijpers, Jac. G. Constant, Kees Jansen, TheComplete Book of Fruit,Gallery Books, 1986, 112Madison Avenue, New York City, NY 10016.

Leona Woodring Smith, The Forgotten Art of

Flower Cookery,Pelican Publishing.

Louis C.C. Krieger, The Mushroom Handbook,Dover Publications, Inc., 1967, 180 Varick St., NewYork, NY 10014.

Nancy Bubel, The New Seed-Starters Handbook,Rodale Press, Inc., 1988, Emmaus, PA 18049.

_____Edited by E.L.D.,Seymour, B.S.A.,The NewGarden EncyclopediaWm. H. Wise & Co., Inc.,1946, New York, New York. *****

_____The Wise Encyclopedia of Cookery,Wm. H.Wise & Co., Inc., 1953, New York. *****

_____The World Atlas of Food,Exeter Books, atrade mark of Simon & Schuster Inc., 1984, NewYork City, N.Y..

Gordon Rowley, The Illustrated Encyclopedia ofSucculents,Crown Publishers Incorporated, 1978,One Park Avenue, New York City, NY 10016.

Augusta Foote Arnold, The Sea-Beach At Ebb-


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Tide, The Century Company, 1901, DoverPublications, Inc., 1968, 180 Varick St., New York,NY 10014.

C. Frank Brockman, Trees of North America,Golden Press, NY-Western Publishing Co., Inc.,1986, Racine, Wisconsin.

William Harlow, Trees of The Eastern and CentralUnited States and Canada,Dover Publications,Inc., 1957, 180 Varick St., New York City 14, NY.

Bebe Mieles, Wildflower Perennials for YourGarden,Hawthorn Books, Inc., 1976, 260 MadisonAve., New York, NY 10016.

Booklets:

Cacti & Succulents for Modern Living, Merchants

Publishing Co., 1976, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49001.

First Aid Procedures & Lifesaving Techniques,Microtek Publications, 1996, Boise, Idaho 83704.

Bee Beyer,Food Drying At Home The NaturalWay, J.P. Tarcher, Inc.,1976, 9110 Sunset Blvd.,Los Angeles, CA 90069.

_____Luffa,Nurserymens Exchange, 1976, 4756th St., San Francisco, CA 94103.

Magazines:

American Survival Guide,McMullen & YeePublishing, Inc., 774 South Placentia, Placentia,California 92670.


Family Circle2/24/81 Jerusalem Artichokes: The Little-known,

Year-round Vegetable by WalterChandoha.

Horticulture, The Magazine of AmericanGardening,Aug/Sep 1980, Bird Pepper (author unknown)Dec. 1989, Winterberry by Wayne Winterrowd.Oct. 1990, Pecans by Brenda Olcott-Reid.Dec. 1992, Clove Currant by Jo Ann Gardner.Jun/Jul 1992, Step-By-Step Planting a Waterlily

by Terry Dunn.Jan. 1994, Step-By-Step Primulas from Seed

by Thomas Fischer.

Oct. 1994, Raising a Tree from Seed by JanetH.

Sanchez.

Aug/Sep 1995, Stalking Wild Seeds by Ann B. Swengel.

May 1996, Blue-Ribbon Catmints by Daniel J. Hinkley.

Rugged Rugosas by SuzanneVerrier.?Nov. 1996, Fruits for the Kitchen by Lon J.

Rombough.

Apr. 1997, Well-mannered Crabs by Thomas Christopher.

May 1997, Questians & Answers by BobPolomski.Aug/Sep 1997, Questions & Answers (answer) by

Patrick Nutt on Lotus.Horticulture, Inc., 98 North Washington Street,Boston,

MA 02114-1913


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Mother Earth News,July 1996,Oct/Nov 1993, Dear Mother, Calling All Pits.Mother Earth News, Sussex Publishers, Inc.,

24 E. 23st St., NY, NY 10010.

National Gardening Magazine:Jul/Aug 1991, Mint Condition by Holly H. Shimizu.Nov/Dec 1993, Get Crackin! (nuts) by JoanHuyser-

Honig.Mar/Apr 1994, Spring's Chicories by Janet H.

Sanchez. The Mighty Lingonberry by RobertE.

Gough. Tea from the Garden by Evelyn Gaspar.

Powerful Purslane by Joan Huyer- Honig.

Sep/Oct 1994, Rediscovering our Roots by Lucy Beckstead.

A Passion for Garlic by Vicky Congdon. Precious Persimmons by Charlie Nardozzi.

Nov/Dec 1996, Questions and Answers, CurrantsJan/Feb 1997, Brilliant Bee Balms by Holly H.

Shimizu.Mar/Apr 1997, Whats News Section, DanSullivan,

Oregon State University (% contentof

minerals in wood ash.)

National Gardening Magazine, 180 Flynn Ave.,

Burlington, Vermont 05401.


Organic Gardening,Sept. 1980, Hardy Fennel by JamesJankowiak. Seaweed or Pondweed? by

Katherine M. DohertySept. 1983, Saffron-A Fall Phenomenon bySarah

Price. Found at Last-Real Oregano by

Dorothy Patent.August 1995, Survival Miracle Plants by Chris

Janowsky.

Organic Magazine, Rodale Press, Inc., 33 E. MinorSt.,Emmaus, PA 18049.

Nursery Growing Guides:

Burpee Gardens, 1996, W. Atlee Burpee & Co.,

Warminster, PA 18974.

Ferry-Morse Seeds, 1996, P.O. Box 488, Fulton,KY 42041-0488.

Gurney's Seed & Nursery Co. Grow-It Guide, 1993-1999, Gurney Seed & Nursery Co., Yankton, SD57079.

Henry Fieldss Planting Guide, 1995, Henry Field'sSeed & Nursery Co., 415 N. Burnett, Shenandoah,IA 51602.

Johnny's Selected Seeds, 1995, 1 Foss Hill Rd.,Albion, Maine 04910-9731. ****

Miller Nurseries Planting Guide & Catalog,1993,


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5060 West Lake Road, Canandaigue, NY 14424.

Native Seeds/SEARCH, 1999 Seed listing,526 N.4thAve., Tucson, AZ 85705.

Nichols Garden Nursery,1996, 1190 North PacificHwy, Albany, OR 97321-4598. Instructions.

Northwoods Nursery, 1996, 27635 S. Oglesby Rd.,Canby, OR 97013.

Ortho Garden Guide, Chevron Chemical Co.,1981.

Park Seed Flowers and Vegetables, 1995-1999,Geo. W. Park Seed Co., Inc., 1 Parkton Rd.,Greenwood, SC 29647-0001.

Pinetree Garden Seeds, 1995, 1999, Box 300, NewGloucester, ME 04260.

Shepherd's Garden Seeds,1995, 1999 Catalog,30 Irene St., Torrington, Connecticut 06790-6627.

Growers Guide,1995,1999, Stokes Seed Inc., Box548 Buffalo, NY 14240-0548. (Excellent catalog.)

Territorial Seed,Spring/Winter 1995-1999 Catalog,20 Palmer Ave., Cottage Grove, OR 97424.

The Cook's Garden Spring/Summer 1995Catalog, P.O. Box 535, Londonderry, Vermont05148.

The Seed Catalogue, 1993, Thompson & MorganInc., P.O. Box 1308, Jackson, NJ 08527-0308.(Information comes with seeds.)


Pamphlet/Leaflet/Newsletter/Etc.

On The Horizonby Greg and Pat Williams, Fall '93,StayOrganic Newsletter, Gardens Alive, 5100Schenley Place, Lawrenceburg, IN 47025.

The Great Garden Guide, 1987, Rodale Press,Emmaus, PA 18098.

The Stay Organic Newsletter, Bruce Woods,Editor, 1993.

University of California, Agr. Extensionby J.F.Harrington, Dept. of Vegetable Crops, U.C. Davis,Davis, California.

Newspapers:

Fertile Ground by Dennis Lueck, Dec. 26, 1998, The

Springfield News, P.O. Box 139, Springfield, OR97477.

Make Way For Nopal, A Tasty, Prickly Pear Delightby Howard LaFranchi September 7, 1995, TheChristian Science Monitor, The Christian SciencePublishing Society, One Norway Street, Boston,MA 02115.

Organic Offerings by Kris Wetherbee July 2, 1997,TheSpringfield News, P.O. Box 139, Springfield,OR 97477.

Walk on the Wild Side by Annie Capestany, 1993TheSpringfield News, Laura Street, Springfield,Oregon 97477.


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Organizations

Seed Savers International List, c/o Seed SaverExchange, catalog (free) 3076 N. Winn Rd.,Decorah, Iowa 52101.


Acknowledgments

For almost fifty years I have been learningfrom The New Garden Encyclopedia, Wise &Company. Without that experience I couldnt havestarted on this book. It took Stephan FacciolasCornucopiato verify some of the information andcomplete the book.

I thank Ralph Ritchie for the many

photographs he has taken; Chris Janowsky for hisgenerous offer; Ann Gee of Wickenburg, Arizona,for her photographs; Mary Lou Spencer; DeckerNursery, in Amador, Oregon, with the help of SaraHuey; and Grays Nursery, in Eugene, Oregon, whoallowed us complete freedom to photograph.

The drawings, those of the author, werebased on the drawings of Rebecca Merrilees, A

Guide to Field Identification Trees of North America;Arch & Miriam Hurford, The American Southwest; E.Yale Dawson, Seashore Plants of SouthernCalifornia; Norman Arlott, SAS Survival Guide; andthe Turks Cap Lily in Mellingers 1999 catalog.

Thanks to the U.S. Department of Agriculturefor the Zone Map of the United States.

We fulfilled the basic premise of the book bygathering what was around us. Just as we wouldhave gathered the leaves or seeds, or other edibleparts, we harvested edibles with a camera alongroadsides, in fields, or even in someones yard witha telephoto lens.

Several of the edibles were photographed inour own yard before we gathered and ate them,reminiscent of the artist who painted a still life before

i i F l d d h h


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eating it. Fortunately, our yard does not have thetailored, mowed, weeded look so commonly seen inthe urban-suburban culture. Well, thats our excuse.


A Word of Caution

If you have read the book thoroughly andmade certain of your plant identification, you shouldhave no problem with the edible plants or plantparts.

Take heed of what plant parts may be eaten,what stage of plant maturity is safe, and where theplant is situated.

Study. Do your homework ahead of time.Know what plants are safe.

If you are in a situation where you need food,your purpose is different than when you may be

casually interested in eating from the garden for thenovelty of it. In either case your better judgementwould be toeat sparingly of any plantuntil youknow its effect on humans, particularly, yourself andyour family.

In the wilds, study the plant and see ifanything else has been eating it- besides insects.Thats a good indicator. Realize also that a perfectly

edible plant may have a taste that is repulsive toyour pallette, but that doesnt mean it cannot beeaten in an urgent necessity.

On the other hand, a plant may be safe toeat, but its situation may not be. Any plants thathave been washed by flood waters or even rainrunoff may be contaminated.


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Rule number one is, When in doubt, leaveit out.

The situation is no different than having reada camping manual, you fail to recognize poison oakfrom the pictures, collect a nice bouquet, and yousuffer the consequences.

Likewise, you are responsible for trying to petthat nice little black kitty with the white stripe, nomatter what the book said, or didnt say.

We cannot assume responsibility for theinformation contained in this book. Our sole purposewas to heighten your awareness and perhaps alsogive you another handle on disaster survival.

We have done our best to verify the booksaccuracy and we have tested most of the plantsavailable to us. Some plants have become favoritesand show up regularly on our table. Other plants,while they were edible, would only show up againunder dire circumstances.

It is your choice, but our best advice is tostudy and sample the plants around you before you

really need them.

You must be responsible for your ownactions!



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AZ 85705. Fax 1-520-622-5591. Pkts & Bulk. Sources Listed By Plant Name


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Special attention to Greater Southwest NativeAmerican farmers.

Organic Seeds-Bountiful Gardens, 18001 Shafer RanchRd., Willits, CA 95490, Peaceful Valley Farm

Supply,P.O. Box 2209, Grass Valley, CA 95945.Toll-free Order (888) 784-1722.Native Trees & Bushes (see Musser Forests, Inc.

above)Northern-Gurney's Seed & Nursery Co., 110 Capitol

St., Yankton, SD 57079 .Northwest-Nichols Garden Nursery,1190 North Pacific

Hwy., Albany, OR 97321, Territorial SeedCompany, P.O. Box 157, Cottage Grove, OR

97424.Peppers-The Pepper Gal,P.O. Box 23006, Ft.

Lauderdale, FL 33307.Potatoes-Ronniger's Seed Potatoes, Star Rt. 95, Moyie

Springs, ID 83845.Tomatoes-Tomato Growers Supply Co., P.O. Box

2237, Fort Meyers, FL 33902.Western Plants-High Country Gardens, 2902 Rufina

St., Santa Fe, NM 87505-2929.www.highcountrygardens.com

Seed Associations

Seed Savers International List c/o Seed SaversExchange, 3076 N. Winn Rd., Decorah, Iowa52101.

South Carolina Foundation Seed Association, 1162

Cherry Rd., Clemson University, Clemson, SC29634-9952.

Newsletters

Organic Offeringsby Kris Wetherbee, 4290 Rice ValleyRd., Oakland, OR 97462. $14.95/Yr.


Sources Listed By Plant Name

The letters following the plant name is keyed tothe companies ( ) above. The first row or so indicatesthese companies have the usual varieties. Those

following indicate varieties by the name or description forwhich you may be looking. The companies listed firsthave seed unless otherwise indicated (Plant, Roots,Tubers, Bulb).

Return To Directory

Achillea (G) (Ju) (GC) (W) (J) (St) (Pn) (A) Plant (F)Agastache(cana) Plant (GC) (HC) Texas Hummingbird

Mint (HC)Agrimony(V) (GC) (J)AlexandersPlant (GC)Alfalfa(Pa) (ML) (J) (GrD) Sprouts (TM) (V) (T) (Ju) (ML)

(PVF) (J) (Pn)

Amaranth, Wild(Ju) Edible Greens (S) (NS) Grain (J)(NS) New Mexico (GC) Popping (NS) Hopi (NS)Durango (NS)

Amaranth, Vegetable(Calaloo) (Hinn choy) (Tampala)(J) (ML) (N)

Amelanchier (see Serviceberry, Shadblow, Saskatoon,Juneberry)

Angelica(T) (N) (L) (TM) (V) (FP) (J) Plant (L) (GC)Purpurea Plant (GC)

Anise(N) (L) (Pa) (G) (St) (B) (FM) (V) (Ju) (FP) (ML) (J)(W) (Hr) (see Licorice)

Anise Hyssop(Pn) (BP) (GC) Blue & White (T) Blue (N)(J) (S) (FP) Plant (ML) (GC)

Apple, MameyPlant (GD)Arikara (see Squash)Artemisia, Wild(ludoviciana) (GrD) Plant (GC) (WG)

(Pn) (JU) Big Sage (see Sage)


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(NS)Wheat (T) Summer-Spring (J) & Bulk Winter (J) (Pn) &


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Wheat(T) Summer Spring (J) & Bulk Winter (J) (Pn) &Bulk (PVF) & Bulk (T) Black Beard (GC)

Willow, WeepingPlant (ML) (O) (K) (FS) (Ju)(M) (B)(G)

WintergreenPlant (NN) (ML) (GG) (Ju) (GC) (R) (TGS)Salal (GG) (A) (R) Plant (R) Creeping (WG)WisteriaPlant (G) (HF) (GG) (Ju) Chinese (FP) White

Chinese (FP)Woodruff, Sweet(V) (FP) (L) (BP) (ML)(GC) Plant (Ju)

(K)Yarrow(see achillea) (HC) (GrD) White (PVF) (Hr) (GrD)

& Bulk, Plant (WG) (ML) (HC)Yerba Buena(GW) (GC)

Yucca(BT) (TM) Plant (FP) (ML) (Ju) (G) (FS) (WG)(GG) (B) (Sh) (K)


Bibliography

Books:

C. Frank Brockman. Artist: Rebecca Merrilees, A GuideTo Field Identification, Trees of North America,Revised Edition, Golden Press, 1986, N.Y.

William G. Loy, Director, Atlas of Oregon 2ndEdition,U.

of Oregon, Academic Book Center, Inc., 1976,5345 N. E. Sandy Blvd., Portland, OR 97213.

Jack Kramer, Cacti and Other Succulents,Harry N.Abrams, Inc., 1977, New York.

Tom Watts, California Tree Finder, Nature Study Guild,1963, P.O. Box 972, Berkeley, California.

Jean Auel, Clan of the Cave Bear,Bantam Books, Inc.,1980, 666 5th Avenue, New York, NY 10103.

Stephen Facciola, Cornucopia a Source Book ofEdible Plants,Kampong Publications, 1990, 1870Sunrise Dr., Vista, CA 92084. *****

Edward K. Balls, Early Uses of California Plants,1962,

University of California Press, Third Printing 1970Berkeley & Los Angeles, California.

Barbara Joe Hoshizaki, Fern Growers Manual,Alfred A.Knopf, Inc., 1983, New York.

Bee Beyer, Food Drying at Home The Natural Way,J.P. Tarcher, Inc., 1976, 9110 Sunset Blvd., LosAngeles, CA 90069. ****

Return To Directory


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Patrick Nutt on Lotus.Horticulture, Inc., 98 North Washington Street, Boston,

Organic Gardening,Sept. 1980, Hardy Fennel by James Jankowiak.


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MA 02114-1913Mother Earth News,July 1996,

Oct/Nov 1993, Dear Mother, Calling All Pits.Mother Earth News, Sussex Publishers, Inc., 24 E. 23st St., NY, NY 10010.

National Gardening Magazine:Jul/Aug 1991, Mint Condition by Holly H. Shimizu.Nov/Dec 1993, Get Crackin! (nuts) by Joan Huyser-

Honig.Mar/Apr 1994, Spring's Chicories by Janet H. Sanchez.

The Mighty Lingonberry byRobert E.

Gough. Tea from the Garden by

Evelyn Gaspar.

Powerful Purslane by Joan Huyer- Honig.

Sep/Oct 1994, Rediscovering our Roots by Lucy Beckstead. A Passion for Garlic by

Vicky Congdon. Precious Persimmons by

Charlie Nardozzi.

Nov/Dec 1996, Questions and Answers, Currants

Jan/Feb 1997, Brilliant Bee Balms by Holly H. Shimizu.

Mar/Apr 1997, Whats News Section, Dan Sullivan, Oregon State University (%

content of minerals in wood ash.)

National Gardening Magazine, 180 Flynn Ave.,Burlington, Vermont 05401.


Seaweed or Pondweed? by Katherine M. Doherty

Sept. 1983, Saffron-A Fall Phenomenon by Sarah

Price. Found at Last-Real Oregano by Dorothy Patent.

August 1995, Survival Miracle Plants by Chris Janowsky.

Organic Magazine, Rodale Press, Inc., 33 E. Minor St.,Emmaus, PA 18049.

Nursery Growing Guides:

Burpee Gardens, 1996, W. Atlee Burpee & Co.,Warminster, PA 18974.

Ferry-Morse Seeds, 1996, P.O. Box 488, Fulton, KY42041-0488.

Gurney's Seed & Nursery Co. Grow-It Guide, 1993-1999, Gurney Seed & Nursery Co., Yankton, SD 57079.

Henry Fieldss Planting Guide, 1995, Henry Field'sSeed & Nursery Co., 415 N. Burnett, Shenandoah, IA51602.

Johnny's Selected Seeds, 1995, 1 Foss Hill Rd., Albion,Maine 04910-9731. ****

Miller Nurseries Planting Guide & Catalog,1993, 5060West Lake Road, Canandaigue, NY 14424.

Native Seeds/SEARCH, 1999 Seed listing,526 N. 4th

Ave., Tucson, AZ 85705.

Nichols Garden Nursery,1996, 1190 North Pacific Hwy,Albany, OR 97321-4598. Instructions.

Northwoods Nursery, 1996, 27635 S. Oglesby Rd.,Canby, OR 97013.

University of California, Agr. Extensionby J.F.Harrington, Dept. of Vegetable Crops, U.C. Davis, Davis,C lif i


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Ortho Garden Guide, Chevron Chemical Co.,1981.

Park Seed Flowers and Vegetables, 1995-1999,Geo. W. Park Seed Co., Inc., 1 Parkton Rd., Greenwood,SC 29647-0001.

Pinetree Garden Seeds, 1995, 1999, Box 300, NewGloucester, ME 04260.

Shepherd's Garden Seeds,1995, 1999 Catalog, 30Irene St., Torrington, Connecticut 06790-6627.

Growers Guide,1995,1999, Stokes Seed Inc., Box 548Buffalo, NY 14240-0548. (Excellent catalog.)

Territorial Seed,Spring/Winter 1995-1999 Catalog, 20Palmer Ave., Cottage Grove, OR 97424.

The Cook's Garden Spring/Summer 1995 Catalog,P.O. Box 535, Londonderry, Vermont 05148.

The Seed Catalogue, 1993, Thompson & Morgan Inc.,P.O. Box 1308, Jackson, NJ 08527-0308. (Informationcomes with seeds.)

Pamphlet/Leaflet/Newsletter/Etc.

On The Horizonby Greg and Pat Williams, Fall '93, StayOrganic Newsletter, Gardens Alive, 5100 SchenleyPlace, Lawrenceburg, IN 47025.

The Great Garden Guide, 1987, Rodale Press,Emmaus, PA 18098.

The Stay Organic Newsletter, Bruce Woods, Editor,1993.


California.

Newspapers:

Fertile Ground by Dennis Lueck, Dec. 26, 1998, TheSpringfield News, P.O. Box 139, Springfield, OR 97477.

Make Way For Nopal, A Tasty, Prickly Pear Delight byHoward LaFranchi September 7, 1995, The ChristianScience Monitor, The Christian Science PublishingSociety, One Norway Street, Boston, MA 02115.

Organic Offerings by Kris Wetherbee July 2, 1997, TheSpringfield News, P.O. Box 139, Springfield, OR 97477.

Walk on the Wild Side by Annie Capestany, 1993 TheSpringfield News, Laura Street, Springfield, Oregon97477.

OrganizationsSeed Savers International List, c/o Seed SaverExchange, catalog (free) 3076 N. Winn Rd., Decorah,Iowa 52101.


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Acknowledgments

For almost fifty years I have been learning fromThe New Garden Encyclopedia, Wise & Company.Without that experience I couldnt have started on thisbook. It took Stephan Facciolas Cornucopiato verifysome of the information and complete the book.

I thank Ralph Ritchie for the many photographshe has taken; Chris Janowsky for his generous offer; AnnGee of Wickenburg, Arizona, for her photographs; MaryLou Spencer; Decker Nursery, in Amador, Oregon, withthe help of Sara Huey; and Grays Nursery, in Eugene,Oregon, who allowed us complete freedom tophotograph.

The drawings, those of the author, were based onthe drawings of Rebecca Merrilees, A Guide to FieldIdentification Trees of North America; Arch & MiriamHurford, The American Southwest; E. Yale Dawson,Seashore Plants of Southern California; Norman Arlott,

SAS Survival Guide; and the Turks Cap Lily inMellingers 1999 catalog.Thanks to the U.S. Department of Agriculture for

the Zone Map of the United States.

We fulfilled the basic premise of the book bygathering what was around us. Just as we would havegathered the leaves or seeds, or other edible parts, weharvested edibles with a camera along roadsides, in

fields, or even in someones yard with a telephoto lens.Several of the edibles were photographed in our

own yard before we gathered and ate them, reminiscentof the artist who painted a still life before eating it.Fortunately, our yard does not have the tailored, mowed,weeded look so commonly seen in the urban-suburbanculture. Well, thats our excuse.



51/63

C33Edible Native Plants and Weeds - F. Ritchie C34 Edible Native Plants and Weeds - F. Ritchie

A Word of Caution

If you have read the book thoroughly and madecertain of your plant identification, you should have noproblem with the edible plants or plant parts.

Take heed of what plant parts may be eaten,what stage of plant maturity is safe, and where the plantis situated.

Study. Do your homework ahead of time.Knowwhat plants are safe.

If you are in a situation where you need food,your purpose is different than when you may be casuallyinterested in eating from the garden for the novelty of it.In either case your better judgement would be toeatsparingly of any plantuntil you know its effect on

humans, particularly, yourself and your family.In the wilds, study the plant and see if anything

else has been eating it- besides insects. Thats a goodindicator. Realize also that a perfectly edible plant mayhave a taste that is repulsive to your pallette, but thatdoesnt mean it cannot be eaten in an urgent necessity.

On the other hand, a plant may be safe to eat, butits situation may not be. Any plants that have beenwashed by flood waters or even rain runoff may becontaminated.

Rule number one is, When in doubt, leave itout.

The situation is no different than having read a

camping manual, you fail to recognize poison oak from

the pictures, collect a nice bouquet, and you suffer theconsequences.

Likewise you are responsible for trying to pet that


52/63


Likewise, you are responsible for trying to pet thatnice little black kitty with the white stripe, no matter whatthe book said, or didnt say.

We cannot assume responsibility for theinformation contained in this book. Our sole purpose wasto heighten your awareness and perhaps also give youanother handle on disaster survival.

We have done our best to verify the booksaccuracy and we have tested most of the plants availableto us. Some plants have become favorites and show upregularly on our table. Other plants, while they were

edible, would only show up again under direcircumstances.

It is your choice, but our best advice is to studyand sample the plants around you before you really needthem.

You must be responsible for your ownactions!


Catalog Sources

The following list of wild or escaped edible plantsare keyed to the names listed below. (A, B, C, etc.) is thecode for a particular company. The first line following theplant name indicates that the company carries the usualvarieties. The following lines name any specialty theyoffer. If there is no special indication, the companyreference is for seed, otherwise, it will say plants,sprouts, roots, etc..

Not everything produces reliable seed. Someplants come from tubers or rooted cuttings. The followingcompanies sell packets of seed. Bulk refers to thealternative offerings.

Each year more wild plants are added to garden

catalogs as the public interest in them increases. Thegarden magazines have offers for free nursery catalogsfor the asking. If one subscribes, many catalogs comethrough their mailing lists without the asking. Any listingswithout dates are from 1995 catalog listings.

If a listing in the future does not show up in thenext catalog, the company may still have the seed, butare not offering it to the public either for lack of enoughseed or interest from the public the past year. Write tothe company and ask for it.

Addresses change frequently. The names of thecompanies are listed in alphabetical order. Their codesare not. E-mail and Website addresses are given whenknown. Many companies have on-line catalogs.

(A)=Abundant Life Seed Foundation, 1998. P. O. Box772, Port Townsend, WA 98368. **** Pkt., bulk.

(BT)=The Banana Tree, Inc., 1998. 715 Northampton


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Tomatoes-Tomato Growers Supply Co., P.O. Box2237, Fort Meyers, FL 33902.

Western Plants-High Country Gardens, 2902 Rufina


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St., Santa Fe, NM 87505-2929.www.highcountrygardens.com

Seed Associations

Seed Savers International List c/o Seed SaversExchange, 3076 N. Winn Rd., Decorah, Iowa52101.

South Carolina Foundation Seed Association, 1162Cherry Rd., Clemson University, Clemson, SC

29634-9952.

Newsletters

Organic Offeringsby Kris Wetherbee, 4290 Rice ValleyRd., Oakland, OR 97462. $14.95/Yr.



Sources Listed By Plant Name

The letters following the plant name are keyed tothe companies ( ) above. The first rows indicate thesecompanies have the usual varieties. Those followingindicate varieties by the name or description for whichyou may be looking. The companies listed first have seedunless otherwise indicated (Plant, Roots, Tubers, Bulb).

Achillea (G) (Ju) (GC) (W) (J) (St) (Pn) (A) Plant (F)Agastache(cana) Plant (GC) (HC) Texas Hummingbird

Mint (HC)Agrimony(V) (GC) (J) (N)AlexandersPlant (GC)Alfalfa(Pa) (ML) (J) (GrD) Sprouts (TM) (V) (T) (Ju) (ML)

(PVF) (J) (Pn) (Pa) Bulk (N)Amaranth, Wild(Ju) Edible Greens (S) (NS) Grain (J)

(NS) New Mexico (GC) Popping (NS) Hopi (NS)Durango (NS)

Amaranth, Vegetable(Calaloo) (Hinn choy) (Tampala)(J) (ML) (N)Amelanchier (see Serviceberry, Shadblow, Saskatoon,

Juneberry)Angelica(T) (N) (L) (TM) (V) (FP) (J) Plant (L) (GC) (N)

Purpurea Plant (GC)Anise(N) (L) (Pa) (G) (St) (B) (FM) (V) (Ju) (FP) (ML) (J)

(W) (Hr) (see Licorice)Anise Hyssop(Pn) (BP) (GC) Blue & White (T) Blue (N)

(J) (S) (FP) Plant (ML) (GC)Apple, MameyPlant (GD)Arikara (see Squash)Artemisia, Wild(ludoviciana) (GrD) Plant (GC) (WG) (N)

(Pn) (JU) Big Sage (see Sage)Arugula(Rocketor, Garden Rocket-English) (N) (Pn)

(TM) (J) (V) (FM) (BP) (T) (G) (L) (Pa) (Ju) A.Roquette-French (T) (L) Recipe (C) (Pa) (S) (St)

(L) Sprouts (Pn)


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Summer (C) N) (L) (S) (Kz) (L) Plant (N) Germanor Winter (T) (L) (B) (J) (G) (L) Golden Lemon (N)(BP) Plant (N) Grey Hill (GC) Lemon (N) (S) (BP)(L) (ML) (GC) Plant (N) Lime Sc. Plant (N) Mastic

WisteriaPlant (G) (HF) (GG) (Ju) Chinese (FP) WhiteChinese (FP)

Woodruff, Sweet(V) (FP) (L) (BP) (ML) (GC) (Pa) Plant(Ju) (K)


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( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )(GC) Mother of Thyme (A) (GC) (Pa) OrangeBalsam (GC) Oregano (N) (L) Plant (N) Passion

Pink (GC) Pink Ripple (GC) Plant (N) SilverLemon (GC) Spicy Orange (R) Variegated (ML)Winter (Ju) (A) Woolly Plant (R)

Thyme Leaved Savory(GC)Tiger Lily(A) Plant (G) (FM) (F) (Ju) (O) Bulb (BP)Tomatillo(N) (T) Zuni (NS) Domestic (F) (N) (B) (S) (L)

(J) (V) (FM) (BP) (Ju) (ML) (BP) Latin Amer. (Pn)(C) (N) Mexican (T)

Tomato, Wild (NS) Punta Banda (NS)Triticale(T)Triticum(T)Tupelo, Black Plant (GG)(ML)Turks Cap Lily (GrD) (ML)Valerian(N) Red (HF)Verbena, Lemon(L) (S) (GC)Vervain (J) Blue(GC) (J) (A) (N)Viburnum Possum Haw Plant (GG) Tea V. (GG)

Viola, Johnny-Jump-Up (FM) (T) (G) (GC) (W) (A) (Pn)(ML) (S) Plant (ML)

Violet(V) (GC) (N) Birdsfoot, Canada, Sweet White (ML)Dogs Tooth Violet (Ju) Horned seed (FP)

Walnut, BlackPlant (ML) (M) (R) (FS) (G) (OGW)Walnut, EnglishPlant (O) (GG) (FS) Grafted (R)WaterlilySeed (FP)Watermelon Hopi Red (NS) Hopi Yellow (NS) Heirloom

(NS)Wheat(T) Sprouts (T) Summer-Spring (J) (T) & BulkWinter (J) (Pn) & Bulk (PVF) & Bulk (T) BlackBeard (GC) Semi-dwarf (T)

Willow, WeepingPlant (ML) (O) (K) (FS) (Ju)(M) (B)(G) (F)

WintergreenPlant (NN) (ML) (GG) (Ju) (GC) (R) (TGS)(OGW) Salal (GG) (A) (R) (OGW) Plant (R)Creeping (WG) (Pa)


( ) ( )Yarrow(see achillea) (HC) (GrD) White (PVF) (Hr) (N)

(GrD) & Bulk, Plant (WG) (ML) (HC) (N)

Yerba Buena(GW) (GC)Yucca(BT) (TM) Plant (FP) (ML) (Ju) (G) (FS) (WG)

(GG) (B) (Sh) (K)

When the Nursery has not listed the Botanicalname and the listing is not clear as to its origin, it is not

listed herein.


Date post:	03-Jun-2018
Category:	Documents
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