Will Pakistan See More School Attacks_ - Pakistan - DAWN

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Will Pakistan see more school attacks?

RANA MUHAMMAD USMAN UPDATED JAN 20 , 201 6 04:32PM

What types of weapons have been used in terror attacks on

educational institutions across the globe? Which region has

seen the most violence?

Most importantly, are such attacks likely to increase?

The answer to that last question is sadly, yes. Terrorist attacks on

places of learning around the world have risen to alarming levels;

higher than any point in more than 40 years. Its a global

phenomenon that is increasing at an exponential rate.

The Global Terrorism Database (GTD)at the University of

Maryland is an open-source database on terrorist events around

the world. From the database, covering 1970 to 2014, I extracted

data on terror attacks on educational institutions to study the

patterns of such terrorism.

Mapping data that records attacks on educational institutions

shows concerning trends.

Looking specifically at Pakistan, the rate at which attacks

increased in the run-up to the Army Public School massacre was

alarming. Therefore, an attack like that on the APS seemed likely.

While most of the attacks prior to APS were not lethal, both the

frequency and the damage they caused was on an unprecedented
http://www.dawn.com/authors/5049/rana-muhammad-usmanhttp://www.dawn.com/news/1222915/will-pakistan-see-more-school-attackshttp://www.start.umd.edu/gtd/http://www.dawn.com/authors/5049/rana-muhammad-usmanhttp://www.dawn.com/news/1222915/will-pakistan-see-more-school-attacks


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.

The charts below provide a visual guide for attacks in Pakistan,

and the rest of the world.

Pakistan has the highest number of people killed by country

Targeting educational institutes

Total no of attacks by country

Source: Global Terrorism Database


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(450) in school attacks attributed, in part, to the APS carnage.

Russia follows behind with 361 killed. The high number can be

attributed to the Beslan school siege in 2004which claimed over

300 lives.

Pakistan has the highest number of attacks(850) on places of

learning by country. However, unlike the APS massacre, most of

these attacks were not lethal.

Terrorist attacks on educational institutions inworld regions since 1970

Assassination Bombing/Explosion Facility Attack

Hostage (Barricade) Hostage (Kidnapping) Unarmed Assault Unknown

Hijacking

140

120

100

80

60

40

20

0

merica

stAsia

Europe

leEast

merica

ceania

merica

thAsia

stAsia

Africa

USSR

Europe

24 2 0 1

02

2 1 28

151

104

51

8 17

Noofincidents
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/11297108/The-worlds-five-worst-terror-attacks-involving-children.html


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South Asia has seen the most number of attackson educational

institutions since 1970, with bombings and explosions alone

claiming 951 lives.

Oceania has seen the least number of attackson educational

institutions. Strict gun regulation laws that outlaw firearms may

be responsible for this low figure.

Central E

Eastern

Mid

North

South S

o

Southe

Sub-Sahara

Western

Data shows the frequency of weapon used in terrorist attacks on educational institutions across theworld.


Share

Number of attacks on educationalinstitutions in world regions since 1970

Central America

East Asia

Eastern Europe

Middle East

North America

Oceania

South America

South Asia

Southeast Asia

-

212

13

20

636

164

5

351

1436

358


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In South Asia, there have been a total of 1,436 attacks on

educational institutions.

The second lead is taken by Middle Eastwith 636 attacks on

places of learning.

USSR

Western Europe

0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400

35

169


Share

Number of people killed or woundedin terrorist attacks on educationalinstitutions since 1970

4,000

3,500

3,000

2,500

2,000

1,500

1,000

50034

34

2 6 8


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Bombings and explosions have killed 4353.2people worldwide.

Bombs and explosions cause significantly more injuries than

fatalitieswhen compared to armed assault, which is considered

the most lethal form of attack.

0

ArmedAssault

Assassination

B

ombing/Explosion

FacilityAttack

Hijacking

Hostage(Barricade)

Hos

tage(Kidnapping)

UnarmedAssault

Unknown

116.

1447

376 1

10

1181.

4353.

43.5

302

6 1 17 4

423

22

2 1680

128

86

Killed Wounded

Data shows number of people killed and wounded in different types of terroristattacks on educational institutions from 1970-2014.


Share

Weapon type used in attacks all over the world (1970-2015)

Biological 0.03%

Incendiary 14.11%

Melee 1.39%

Unknown 7.46%


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Bombs and explosives are the most commonmethod of carrying

out attacks, followed by firearms.

Together, explosives and firearmsare responsible for 75pc of

terrorist attacks on educational institutions.

Explosives/Bombs/Dynamite 52.27%

Firearms 23.40%


Frequency of school attacks by day

Friday 12.03%

Monday 16.02%

Saturday 10.96%

Tuesday 17.85%

Wednesday 15.72%

NA 0.71%


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Tuesdayhas seen the highest number of school attacks. While an

interesting fact, this has no real bearing on when an attack may

take place.

Sunday 11.73%

Thursday 14.98%


Highest number of attacks by month

April 8.94%

August 6.94%

December 7.00%

February 8.37%

January 7.52%

July 7.14%

June 8.69%

March 9.54%

May 9.35%

November 8.09%

October 10.61%

September 7.11%NA 0.71%


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The month of Octoberhas seen the highest number of attacks on

educational institutions. As above, this has no real bearing on

when an attack may take place.


Cities/towns facing the highest number of schoolattacks

Bangladesh

Chile

Colombia

El Savador

Guatemala

Iraq

Lebanon

Nigeria

Pakistan

Peru

Turkey

Algeria

Thailand

Burundi

India

Afghanistan

30

37

37 28

38

80

73 33 16

28

27

62 43 27 27 26 42 26 24 24 21 19

51 17

28

20

34

18 18

16


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Pakistan takes the lead in violence in urban centres, with sixteen

cities on the table: Peshawar, Mohmand district, Bajaur district,

Safi, Bara, Karachi, Quetta, Bannu, Landi Kotal, Charsadda,

Orakzai district, Kabal, Shabqadar, Jamrud, Darra Adam Khel andKhyber district. Among these, Peshawar has seen the highest

number of attacks (62).

Guatemala, with its long history of civil war, has seen 80 attacks

in Guatemala city. Baghdad and Limu follow closely behind.

Across the past four decades, South Asia has experienced 1,436

attacks on education, out of which 60pc took place in Pakistan.

This raises serious concerns about the safety of educational

institutions in Pakistan, which seems to be at the epicentre of a

horrifying trend.

Rana Muhammad Usman is an aspiring data scientist, who likes to write

Italy

Israel

Northern Ireland

United States

Philippines

Syria

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400



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about social issues. He tweets @rana_usman and works with

PredictifyMe. He can be reached at [email protected]

2011-15: Attacks on educational institutions in

Pakistan

|March

|June Sept.

|Dec.

|April

|July Oct.

|Feb.

|May

010 2011 2012

School blo...

School blo...

Girls scho...

The school building was completely destroyed in the attack. Reuters

March 9, 2011

School blown up in Darra

Adam KhelThe Kohiwal Middle School was destroyed in an attack by unknown

assailants.

Timeline JS

School blo...
http://timeline.knightlab.com/mailto:[email protected]://predictify.me/


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Will Pakistan See More School Attacks_ - Pakistan - DAWN

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