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Application of the Congestion Management Process in the Development of the Metropolitan Transportation Plan for the Puget Sound Region

William R. Loudon, DKS Associates

Robin Mayhew , PSRC

DKS Associates

12th TRB National Transportation Planning Applications Conference

Presentation Outline

• Puget Sound’s Congestion Management Process (CMP)

• Using the CMP to Identify Congestion • Application of the CMP in the

Metropolitan Transportation Plan (MTP)• Lessons Learned

DKS Associates

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Puget Sound’s Congestion

Management Process

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The Congestion Management Process

SystemMonitoring

PerformanceEvaluation

Implementation

TransportationImprovementProgram (TIP)

MetropolitanTransportation

Plan (MTP)

TransportationPlanning Process

InvestmentStudies

CongestionManagement

Process (CMP)

DKS Associates

2008 Congestion Management Process Draft Report

• SAFETEA-LU update• Multimodal and freight

congestion metrics• Align transportation

decision-making• Partnership of cities,

counties, transit agencies, PSRC, WSDOT, freight stakeholders

DKS Associates

Integrated Congestion Management Process

• Multimodal Measures of Congestion• Monitoring Program • Identifying the Causes of Congestion• Consideration of a Broad Set of Solution Options• Consideration of Multidimensional Packages of

Solution Options• Options Evaluated for Cost Effectiveness to Support

Programming of Funds• Guidelines to Aid CMP Implementation and Integration

DKS Associates

Measure Categories• Travel Time and Delay• Travel Time Reliability• System Access• Throughput• Crowding• Safety

Modes/Functions• Highway• HOV• Transit • Ferry• Non-Motorized• Freight

Multimodal and Freight Congestion Metrics

Measure Highway HOV Transit Ferries FreightNon-

MotorizedTravel Time and DelayTravel Time Reliability

System AccessThroughputCrowding

Safety

• Gold: data being collected, reportable, usable for CMP• Silver: some data being collected, needs refinement,

maybe for next CMP• Bronze: limited to no data being collected, needs

significant effort to collect/summarize

Assessment of Data Monitoring

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Assessment of Possible Measures Based on Data Availability

Measure Highway HOV Transit Ferries Freight Non-Motorized

Travel Time and Delay

Peak Period Person-Hours of Delay by

Segment

Peak Period Person-Hours of Delay by

Segment

Peak Period Person-Hours of Delay by Route Segment

Peak Period Person-Hours of Dealy by

Segment

Daily Feight Ton-Hours of Delay

Travel Time Reliability

Buffer Index Buffer Index On-time Performance Schedule Reliability Buffer Index

System Access

Percent of Park and Ride Capacity Used

Percent of Park and Ride Capacity Used

Percent of Population within 1/2 mile of Transit

Percent of Park and Ride Capacity Used

Sidewalk and Bicycle Route Completeness

Throughput

Peak Hour Person Movement

Peak Hour Person Movement

Peak Hour Person Movement

Peak Hour Person Movement

Crowding

Lane Density or Occupancy

Lane Density or Occupancy

Peak Hour Load Factor

Boat Wait Time

Safety

Accident Rate Accident Rate Transit Accidents and Crimes

Accident Rate Accident Rate Pedestrian or Bicycle Accidents or Crimes

DKS Associates

• Highway• Ability to identify person delay• Delay on complete CMP network (off freeway)

• HOV• Delay at interchanges

• Transit• Assembling and analyzing existing data (AVL, APC,

schedule check, loading)• Ferry

• Identifying delay by auto passenger vs. non-auto• Freight

• No cargo data• No data for off freeway delay

• Non-Motorized• System completeness

Gaps in Monitoring Data

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Using the CMP to Identify Congestion

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FREEWAY (SOV)

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Auburn

Everett

SeattleBellevue

Tacoma

Bremerton

State Highway

Interstate

Top Ten Observed PM Commutes

Top Ten Observed AM Commutes

Urban Growth Area

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Auburn

Everett

SeattleBellevue

Tacoma

Bremerton

State Highway

Interstate

Top Ten Observed PM Commutes

Top Ten Observed AM Commutes

Urban Growth Area

TRANSIT

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Auburn

Everett

SeattleBellevue

Tacoma

Bremerton

Congested Transit Corridors

Urban Growth Area

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Auburn

Everett

SeattleBellevue

Tacoma

Bremerton

Congested Transit Corridors

Urban Growth Area

FREEWAY (HOV)

FERRY

PEDESTRIAN ANDBICYCLE

4

5

2

1

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TRUCKING

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Application of the CMP in the

Metropolitan Transportation Plan

DKS Associates

Destination 2040Looking into the future…

DKS Associates

Components of the MTP Alternatives

demandstrategies

systemmanagement

pricing

roads

Preservation

transit

Baseline Alt. 1 Alt. 2 Alt. 3 Alt. 4 Alt. 5

ImproveEfficiency

StrategicExpansion

Pricing

Core Concepts apply to all alternatives: Safety, Security, Special Needs, etc.

demandstrategies

systemmanagement

pricing

roads

demandstrategies

systemmanagement

pricing

roads

demandstrategies

systemmanagement

pricing

roads

demandstrategies

systemmanagement

pricing

roads

transit

transit

demandstrategies

systemmanagement

pricing

roads

transit

transit

transit

pricing

transit

pricing

Core Concepts apply to all alternatives: Safety, Security, Special Needs, etc.

demandstrategies

systemmanagement

roads

demandstrategies

systemmanagement

pricing

roads

demandstrategies

systemmanagement

pricing

roads

demandstrategies

systemmanagement

pricing

roads

transit

transit

demandstrategies

systemmanagement

pricing

roads

transit

transit

transit

pricing

Levels of Analysis

Sub-areas

Corridors

Region

Vehicle Hours and Miles Traveled(compared to 2040 Baseline)

-80%

-70%

-60%

-50%

-40%

-30%

-20%

-10%

0%

10%

20%

Alt 1 Alt 2 Alt 3 Alt 4 Alt 5

Perc

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Vehicle Miles Traveled Vehicle Hours Traveled

Freeway Delay Hours Arterial Delay Hours

Less i

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DKS Associates

Modal Shares Compared to 2040 Baseline

SOV Trips

-3%

-2%

-1%

0%

1%

2%

3%

Alt 1 Alt 2 Alt 3 Alt 4 Alt 5

Ch

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asel

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Work Non-workL

ess

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Non-SOV Trips

-3%

-2%

-1%

0%

1%

2%

3%

Alt 1 Alt 2 Alt 3 Alt 4 Alt 5

Ch

ang

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th

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asel

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Carpool Work Carpool Non-work

Transit Work Transit Non-Work

Walk/Bike Work Walk/Bike Non-Work

Mo

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DKS Associates

Walk and Bike Trips

-10%

-5%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

Alt 1 Alt 2 Alt 3 Alt 4 Alt 5

Pe

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Ch

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fro

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Work Non-work Total

Mo

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17% more than Baseline

DKS Associates

User Mobility Benefits(compared to 2040 Baseline)

Annual Mobility Benefits Relative to the 2040 Baseline (millions of 2008 dollars)

$0

$1,000

$2,000

$3,000

$4,000

$5,000

Alt 1 Alt 2 Alt 3 Alt 4 Alt 5

SOV Benefits HOV BenefitsTransit Benefits Light Commercial BenefitsMed & Heavy Trucks

M

ore

is b

ett

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DKS Associates

Subarea Per-Trip Benefits

Per Trip User Benefits (Change from 2040 Baseline)

$-

$0.10

$0.20

$0.30

$0.40

$0.50

$0.60

$0.70

$0.80

$0.90

Alt 1 Alt 2 Alt 3 Alt 4 Alt 5

Seattle-Shoreline East King South King Kitsap Pierce Snohomish Region

DKS Associates

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Bremerton

Tacoma

Everett

SeattleBellevue

Stanwood

I-5

SR 532

SR 9

SR 99

US 2

Everett

MukilteoSnohomish

Marysville

State Highways

Freeways

West Snohomish

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Bremerton

Tacoma

Everett

SeattleBellevue

Stanwood

I-5

SR 532

SR 9

SR 99

US 2

Everett

MukilteoSnohomish

Marysville

State Highways

Freeways

West Snohomish

West Snohomish CMP Corridor Investments & Actions by Alternative

Baseline 1 2 3 4 5

Tolling - Interstate 5 1 lane HOT 1&2 lane HOT Facility Facility SystemTolling - Arterial System

SR 99 BRT: County Line - Everett X X X X X XLRT: Lynnwwood - Everett X X XFerry Access BRT X164th BRT: SR 99 - SR 527 X

I-5 Active Traffic Management (SR 104 - Everett) X X X X

Time of Day Signal Coordinaton X Regional Signal Coordination X Some X X X Transit Signal Priority X X X X X Center to Center Communication X Some Some X

Everett Bikestation X X X X X XInterurban Trail - Missing Links (Edmonds & Lynnwood) X X X X X

Regional Vanpool Expansion over 2006 62% 151% 89% 125% 125% 151%Commute Trip Reduction Existing Expanded Existing Expanded Expanded ExpandedGTECs in Corridor 0 2 1 2 2 2Residential Marketing X X X X XParking Surcharges in GTECs X X X

I-5 Widening: SR 531 - SR 532 XI-5 Widening: SR 526 - US 2 X X X X X XI-5 HOT Lane Shoulder Modifications: County Line - Everett) X XI-5 HOV Lanes: US 2 - SR 528 X X XI-5/I-405 Direct HOV Access X X XSR 99 BAT Lanes: Everett - 148th St SW X X X X XSR 99 HOV Widening: SR 525 - Airport X XState Avenue Widening to 5 lanes X X

Tolling Configuration

Significant Bicycle/Pedestrian Investments

West Snohomish County Corridor (I-5, SR 99)

RTOC Key Arterial Corridors Level of ITS Investment

High Capacity Transit Service

Significant ITS Investments

Major TDM Investments

Significant Roadway Improvements

Stanwood

Everett

Lynnwood

Projected 2040 Commute Travel Times

Baseline

Travel Time (Minutes)

1 2 3 4 5

Stanwood - Everett I-5 AM 36.0 -4% -7% -17% -10% -22%Everett - Stanwood I-5 PM 36.3 3% 6% -12% -15% -17%Everett - Seattle I-5 AM 80.7 -15% -24% -47% -47% -62%Everett - Seattle I-5 Managed Lanes AM 33.2 91% 67% N/A -4% N/AEverett - Seattle Transit AM 79.0 -8% -27% -12% -22% -27%

(Mode) P Bus L Bus L Rail L Rail P Bus P BusEverett - Bellevue I-405/I-5 AM 69.1 -12% -25% -47% -47% -58%Bellevue - Everett I-405/I-5 PM 74.9 11% 3% -44% -50% -59%Everett - Bellevue I-405/I-5 Managed Lanes AM 27.9 100% 71% N/A 4% N/ABellevue - Everett I-405/I-5 Managed Lanes PM 28.0 153% 115% N/A 8% N/AEverett to Bellevue Transit AM 104.0 11% -15% -12% -18% -25%

(Mode) P Bus L Rail L Rail P Bus P Bus P BusShoreline - Everett (SR 99) Transit AM 75.1 -68% -67% -8% -59% -62%

(Mode) P Bus P Bus P Bus L Rail P Bus P Bus

From - To OnTime of

Day

Action Alternatives

Transit Code: L Bus = Local Bus P Bus = Premium Bus

L Rail = Light Rail C Rail = Commuter Rail

New Institutional Arrangements

• Interagency Data Group• Regional Traffic Operations

Committee• Transportation Demand

Management Steering Committee

• Bicycle and Pedestrian Working Group

• Pricing Task Force

DKS Associates

Lessons Learned

1. A new set of performance measure is needed to capture a truly multimodal approach.

2. Data for performance measures is not uniformly available across modes, facility types or geographic areas.

3. System management, demand management and pricing can be effective elements of a Metropolitan Transportation Plan (MTP).

4. A corridor approach is a useful addition to the MTP development.

5. New institutional arrangements can effectively support the application of a CMP in regional planning.

DKS Associates

For more information …

Robin Mayhew, AICP

Program Manager, Transportation Planning, PSRC

rmayhew@psrc.org

206.464.7537

www.psrc.org

DKS Associates