Win OS & HardwareWin OS & Hardware

ComputersComputers

Basic Components needed for a Basic Components needed for a functioning computerfunctioning computer

Basic ComponentsBasic Components

MotherboardMotherboard

Central Processing Unit (CPU)Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Memory (RAM)Memory (RAM)

Video Card/AdapterVideo Card/Adapter

Basic ComponentsBasic Components

Hard DriveHard Drive

Optical DriveOptical Drive

Case Case

Power SupplyPower Supply

Basic ComponentsBasic Components

MonitorMonitor

KeyboardKeyboard

MouseMouse

Operating System (OS)Operating System (OS)

Floppy DriveFloppy Drive

12 Basic Components12 Basic ComponentsMotherboardMotherboard

CPUCPURAMRAM

Video CardVideo CardHDHD

CD or DVDCD or DVDCaseCasePSPS

MonitorMonitorKBKB

MouseMouseOSOS

Other ComponentsOther ComponentsSound CardSound Card

SpeakersSpeakers

ModemModem

Network Card (NIC)Network Card (NIC)

ScannerScanner

PrinterPrinter

Etc.Etc.

First Personal ComputerFirst Personal ComputerThe Apple II was the first true The Apple II was the first true

"personal computer" it was factory "personal computer" it was factory built, in-expensive and easy to learn built, in-expensive and easy to learn

and use. Provided with the most and use. Provided with the most extensive set of software and low extensive set of software and low

cost floppy disks, the  Apple II was cost floppy disks, the  Apple II was also the first personal computer also the first personal computer

capable of color graphics and easy capable of color graphics and easy modem operationmodem operation

First Killer ApplicationFirst Killer Application

Visicalc (Visible Calculator)Visicalc (Visible Calculator)

Development of  the Visicalc Development of  the Visicalc spreadsheet program created a spreadsheet program created a

business tool that made adoption of business tool that made adoption of Apple II a regular part of business. Apple II a regular part of business.

First Intel PC ComputerFirst Intel PC Computer

The MITS Altair was the first 8080 The MITS Altair was the first 8080 based kit microcomputer. It was based kit microcomputer. It was first introduced in the January, first introduced in the January,

1975 issue of Popular Electronics 1975 issue of Popular Electronics magazine as a construction magazine as a construction

project. Although not the first project. Although not the first available microcomputer , it was available microcomputer , it was

the start of the PC industry.the start of the PC industry.

First PC ComputerFirst PC ComputerThe original IBM Personal Computer was The original IBM Personal Computer was

released in August 1981. It cost a little released in August 1981. It cost a little under $3000 and came with 64Kb of under $3000 and came with 64Kb of

Random Access Memory (RAM), 40Kb of Random Access Memory (RAM), 40Kb of Read Only Memory (ROM) which included a Read Only Memory (ROM) which included a

BASIC interpreter, a 160Kb floppy disk, BASIC interpreter, a 160Kb floppy disk, version 1.0 of MS-DOS, and a cassette version 1.0 of MS-DOS, and a cassette

interface.interface.

XT ComputerXT Computer

In March 1983, the IBM Personal In March 1983, the IBM Personal Computer XT (eXtended Computer XT (eXtended

Technology) was unveiled with a Technology) was unveiled with a built-in 10 MB fixed disk. built-in 10 MB fixed disk.

XT ComputerXT Computer

It consisted of a Central Processing It consisted of a Central Processing Unit (CPU) which was the Intel Unit (CPU) which was the Intel

8088 running at 4.77 MHz, some 8088 running at 4.77 MHz, some RAM, some ROM containing the RAM, some ROM containing the

machine's Basic Input Output machine's Basic Input Output System (BIOS)System (BIOS)

AT ComputerAT Computer

In 1984, the IBM AT (Advanced In 1984, the IBM AT (Advanced Technology) Using an Intel 80286 Technology) Using an Intel 80286

processor, a 16-bit bus, a medium-processor, a 16-bit bus, a medium-speed hard disk and a 1.2 speed hard disk and a 1.2

megabyte floppy disk drive megabyte floppy disk drive

Second Killer ApplicationSecond Killer Application

LOTUS 1-2-3LOTUS 1-2-3

Another spreadsheet program Another spreadsheet program developed from the un-copyrighted developed from the un-copyrighted Visicalc program originally on the Visicalc program originally on the

Apple II computerApple II computer

ATX ComputerATX ComputerAn open PC motherboard specification An open PC motherboard specification

by Intel ATX is a development of the by Intel ATX is a development of the Baby AT specification with the Baby AT specification with the

motherboard rotated 90 degrees in the motherboard rotated 90 degrees in the chassis. The CPU and SIMM sockets chassis. The CPU and SIMM sockets have been relocated away from the have been relocated away from the

expansion card slots meaning that all expansion card slots meaning that all the slots support full-length cards. the slots support full-length cards.

Modern ComputersModern Computers

ATX computers are the current ATX computers are the current standard form-factor for PCsstandard form-factor for PCs

INTELINTEL

AMDAMD

Computer LanguageComputer Language

DigitalDigital

AnalogAnalog

Binary System (2)Binary System (2)

Computer LanguageComputer Language

Bit = 0 or 1Bit = 0 or 1

Byte = 8 bitsByte = 8 bits

Byte = Character (ABC, 012, etc)Byte = Character (ABC, 012, etc)

Computer LanguageComputer LanguageKilobyte (KB/K) = 1,024 bytesKilobyte (KB/K) = 1,024 bytes

221010

Megabyte (MB/M) = 1,048,576 bytesMegabyte (MB/M) = 1,048,576 bytes

222020

Gigabyte (Gigabyte (GB/GGB/G) = 1,073,741,824 bytes) = 1,073,741,824 bytes

223030

Computer LanguageComputer Language

HertzHertz

a unit of frequency of electrical a unit of frequency of electrical vibrations equal to vibrations equal to

one cycle per second one cycle per second

Computer LanguageComputer Language

MHz – MegahertzMHz – Megahertz

Mega = MillionMega = Million

GHz – GigahertzGHz – Gigahertz

Giga = BillionGiga = Billion

THz – TerahertzTHz – Terahertz

Tera = TrillionTera = Trillion

Computer TypesComputer TypesINTELINTEL

Based on a CPU designed by the Based on a CPU designed by the INTEL CorporationINTEL Corporation

PentiumPentium

Pentium ProPentium Pro

Pentium IIPentium II

Pentium IIIPentium III

INTELINTELCeleronCeleron

Pentium 4Pentium 4

Pentium 4 EMT64Pentium 4 EMT64

XeonXeon

ItaniumItanium

Computer TypesComputer TypesAMDAMD

Based on a CPU designed by Based on a CPU designed by Advanced Micro Devices (AMD)Advanced Micro Devices (AMD)

K6K6

K6-2K6-2

DuronDuron

AMDAMDAthlonAthlon

Athlon IIAthlon II

Athlon XPAthlon XP

Athlon MPAthlon MP

Athlon 64Athlon 64

Athlon 64 FXAthlon 64 FX

Sempron Sempron

Common Computer SpeedsCommon Computer Speeds1.0 GHz1.0 GHz

1.3 GHz1.3 GHz

1.8 GHz1.8 GHz

2.0 GHz2.0 GHz

2.4 GHz2.4 GHz

2.8 GHz2.8 GHz

3.0 GHz 3.0 GHz

Future Computer SpeedsFuture Computer Speeds4.0 GHz by end of 20044.0 GHz by end of 2004

5.0 – 7.0 GHz by end of 20055.0 – 7.0 GHz by end of 2005

10 GHz within 2-3 years 10 GHz within 2-3 years

Computers AvailableComputers AvailablePre-Built ExamplesPre-Built Examples

GatewayGateway

DellDell

Falcon NorthwestFalcon Northwest

AlienwareAlienware

Voodoo PCVoodoo PC

Computers AvailableComputers AvailableOwner-Built – From PartsOwner-Built – From Parts

Newegg.comNewegg.com

Mwave.comMwave.com

Buy.comBuy.com

Pricewatch.com Pricewatch.com

What Computer Should I Buy?What Computer Should I Buy?

QuestionsQuestions